The upper limit was determined by the difficulty of measuring the characteristic anode surface temperature ( see below ) since only a small region of the anode was struck by the arc.

The more humid regions have a richer vegetation ; dense forest where the rainfall is greatest and variations of temperature least, conditions found chiefly on the tropical coasts, and in the west African equatorial basin with its extension towards the upper Nile ; and savanna interspersed with trees on the greater part of the plateaus, passing as the desert regions are approached into a scrub vegetation consisting of thorny acacias, etc.

Therefore, as long as the lower pot does not become pressurized or boiled dry, the maximum temperature contacted by the upper vessel will be the boiling point of water, and scalding or uneven heat is avoided.

The steam will either condense on the upper vessel or escape, but the temperature of the vapor phase will remain constant.

Gelatin gels exist over only a small temperature range, the upper limit being the melting point of the gel, which depends on gelatin grade and concentration ( but is typically less than 35 ° C ) and the lower limit the freezing point at which ice crystallizes.

The upper melting point is below human body temperature, a factor which is important for mouthfeel of foods produced with gelatin.

The upper operating temperature of a terrestrial engine is limited by the thermal stability of the materials used to construct it.

Higher thermal stability allows for greater temperature difference between the lower and upper operating temperatures, hence greater thermodynamic efficiency.

The escape of hydrogen from Earth's atmosphere into space may have occurred at only one percent of the rate previously believed based on revised estimates of the upper atmosphere's temperature.

During the summer months, daytime temperatures can often exceed at elevations below, the average high temperature in July ranges from at the lower elevations to the upper 70s (° F, up to 26 ° C ) at the higher elevations.

Their temperature control mechanism relies on action by the bird, which uses its wings to cover the naked skin of the upper legs and flanks to conserve heat, or leaves these areas bare to release heat.

Whereas most small molecule solutions exhibit only an upper critical solution temperature phase transition, at which phase separation occurs with cooling, polymer mixtures commonly exhibit a lower critical solution temperature phase transition, at which phase separation occurs with heating.

Other fixed points were used in the past are the body temperature ( of a healthy adult male ) which was originally used by Fahrenheit as his upper fixed point ( to be a number divisible by 12 ) and the lowest temperature given by a mixture of salt and ice, which was originally the definition of.

As body temperature varies, the Fahrenheit scale was later changed to use an upper fixed point of boiling water at.

If the upper air is warmer than predicted by the adiabatic lapse rate (), then when a parcel of air rises and expands, it will arrive at the new height at a lower temperature than its surroundings.

If, on the contrary, the upper air is cooler than predicted by the adiabatic lapse rate, then when the air parcel rises to its new height it will have a higher temperature and a lower density than its surroundings, and will continue to accelerate upward.

Since the pitch of each note is largely affected by the temperature of the steam, accurate tuning is nearly impossible ; however, the off-pitch notes ( particularly in the upper register ) have become somewhat of a trademark of the steam calliope.

Project Mogul was conceived by Dr. Maurice Ewing who had earlier researched the deep sound channel in the oceans and theorized that a similar sound channel existed in the upper atmosphere: a certain height where the air pressure and temperature result in minimal speed of sound, so that sound waves would propagate and stay in that channel due to refraction.

The temperature of Triton's upper atmosphere, at, is higher than that at the surface, due to heat absorbed from solar radiation and Neptune's magnetosphere.

Winter weather comes from the upper Great Plains or from the Gulf of Mexico, leading to drastic swings in temperature.

Summers in Binghamton are typified by warmer, less humid days with occasional temperature spikes into the upper 80s and lower 90s.

Without quantitative modeling of the bulk resistivity, Langmuir probes can only give an upper limit on the electron temperature.

With these factors included, an upper limit is placed on the allowable loop gain by stability considerations.

For example, mainline churches, with their upper class congregations, " promote order, stability, and conservatism, and in so doing proved to be a powerful source of legitimation of the status quo and of existing disparities in the distribution of wealth and power " because much of the wealth of the church comes from the congregation.

Due to some variations in orbital filling, the upper magic numbers are 126 and, speculatively, 184 for neutrons but only 114 for protons, playing a role in the search of the so-called island of stability.

She had right sides, which increased significantly the space available for upper batteries, but reduced the stability of the ship ; wooden stabilizers were added under the waterline to address the issue.

In addition to being a cornerstone in the structural stability of the towers, the skybridge is also a device that can be employed during an emergency fire evacuation, providing an escape to the people in the upper floors of the affected tower to the other. Residing on the 41st and 42nd floors, the skybridge connects a conference room, an executive dining room and a prayer room.

While relative stability was maintained until 1848, with enough bourgeois elements still content to exchange the " right to rule for the right to make money ", the landed upper class found its economic base sinking.

When lower fluid is raised up into upper fluid, ( during which process the density of the lower fluid decreases due to the drop in pressure ), stability requires that it remain denser than the upper fluid, so that gravity pulls it back toward its original position.

Like his father before him, Owain I promoted stability in upper Gwynedd as no foreign army was able to campaign past the Conwy, marking nearly 70 years of peace in upper Gwynedd and on Ynys Môn.

Apart from providing core control and stability to the lumbopelvic region, in the sitting position the power engine elevates the torso and places the centre of gravity at its highest and most efficient position ; in prone position it elongates the body bi-directionally to reduce weight in the upper body ; in supine position it elongates the body bi-directionally and places the centre of gravity again at its highest and most efficient position.

Argues that the political and economic stability of the British upper class and, more importantly, the enthusiasm of boys at English boarding schools, was a crucial factor in the spread of contemporary team sports around the world.

However, retention of just one or two teeth in the upper jaw does not contribute much to the overall stability of a denture, since a full upper denture tends to be very stable, in contrast to a full lower denture.

Blanco and Mazzetta ( 2001 ) estimated that for Giganotosaurus a growing imbalance when increasing its velocity would pose an upper limit of to its running speed, after which minimal stability would have been lost.

On the minus side, this scheme mandates an upper bound on the time-step to ensure numerical stability.

In the seismogenic layer, which occurs below an upper stability transition related to an upper seismicity cutoff ( situated usually at about 4 – 5 km depth ), true cataclasites start to appear.

Supersonic airflow over the upper surface of the traditional airfoil induced excessive wave drag and a form of stability loss called Mach tuck.

Due to the need to carry heavy cannon, the hull of the East Indiamen – in common with most warships of the time – was much wider at the waterline than at the upper deck, so that guns carried on the upper deck were closer to the centre-line to aid stability.

In addition to Gaussian minimum-shift keying ( GMSK ), EDGE uses higher-order PSK / 8 phase shift keying ( 8PSK ) for the upper five of its nine modulation and coding schemes.

The moon can be sighted, but it appears to move very fast, appears to have different sizes at different times, and sometimes only the lower or upper limb can be distinguished due to its phase.

This originates from the short nanosecond or less upper state lifetime, so that the gain reacts rapidly to changes of pump or signal power and the changes of gain also cause phase changes which can distort the signals.

Most of the ozone that is destroyed is in the lower stratosphere, in contrast to the much smaller ozone depletion through homogeneous gas phase reactions, which occurs primarily in the upper stratosphere.

In this phase, the villain has the upper hand.

The rocks have undergone several periods of regional metamorphism, to at least upper amphibolite facies, and there was a subsequent phase of retrograde metamorphism.

The exclusion limit defines the molecular weight at the upper end of this range and is where molecules are too large to be trapped in the stationary phase.

The last two years of havo and the last three years of vwo are referred to as the second phase ( tweede fase ), or upper secondary education.

Lts / vbo and mavo were fused into vmbo, while the structure of havo and vwo were changed by the introduction of a three-year basisvorming ( primary secondary education ; literally, " basic forming "), followed by the tweede fase ( upper secondary education ; literally, second phase ").

" There was a bright new moon, and as usual in that phase its horns were tilted toward the east ; and suddenly the upper horn split in two.

Image: Clupeaharenguslarvaeinsitukils. jpg | Very young larvae of Atlantic herring in the typical oblique swimming position-the animal in the upper right in the classical S-shape of the beginning phase of an attack of probably a copepod-the remains of the yolk is very well visible in the transparent animal in the middle

One non-local Bell Beaker sherd, however, belonging to the upper part of a beaker with a curved neck and thin walls, was found at the bedrock base of this second phase.

A new phase began when the coast became a fashionable health resort for the British upper class in the late 18th century.

The band-pass filter with lower band edge B < sub > L </ sub > and upper band edge B < sub > H </ sub > is just the difference of two such sinc filters ( since the filters are zero phase, their magnitude responses subtract directly ):

It was designed to facilitate mass transit ; its upper deck accommodated trams, while both the Don Valley phase and the Rosedale Valley phase included a lower deck for rail transport, controversial at the time because of its high additional cost.

In the recovery phase the lower leg and the feet are in the wake of the upper leg, and the feet are pointed to the rear.

The speed of molecules in a gas is approximately the speed of sound, and in the absence of noncondensing gases ( i. e., if there is only a gas phase present ) this is the upper limit to the velocity with which they could travel in the heat pipe.

Petechiae ( blood spots ) on the upper body and bleeding from the nose and gums are observed when the disease progresses to the hemorrhagic phase, usually within seven days of onset.