In addition, the Chinese Communists were able to fill the political vacuum left in Manchuria after Soviet forces withdrew from the area and thus gained China's prime industrial base.

Many of the Germanic people that filled the power vacuum left by the Western Roman Empire in the Early Middle Ages codified their laws.

Yuan death in 1916 left a power vacuum in China ; the republican government was all but shattered.

The débâcle of the Afghan civil war left a vacuum in the Hindu Kush area that concerned the British, who were well aware of the many times in history it had been employed as the invasion route to South Asia.

This was a result of the tactical surprise at the outset of the campaign, the leadership vacuum within the Soviet military left by the Great Purge, and the general inferiority of Soviet designs at the time, such as the obsolescent I-15 biplane and the I-16.

By autumn 1917, however, these attempts at peaceful resolution had failed, and the power vacuum began to be filled by the paramilitary troops of the right and left.

The reason probably was the vacuum left by the withdrawal of troops for supporting Gallienus in the campaign against Ingenuus.

The power vacuum left by the fall of the Ottomans sharpened conflict between Kuwait and Najd.

The collapse of the National Labor Union in 1873, left a vacuum for workers looking for organization.

The agreement incited Maronite frustration over what were perceived as excessive concessions to the Palestinians, and pro-Maronite paramilitary groups were subsequently formed to fill the vacuum left by government forces, which were now required to leave the Palestinians alone.

* the left side of the face, used for measuring manifold vacuum, is calibrated in centimetres of mercury on its inner scale and inches of mercury on its outer scale.

To fill the vacuum left by the Egyptian withdrawal, a culturally distinct indigenous Kushite kingdom emerged at Karmah, near present-day Dunqulah.

Themistocles, with his power-base firmly established amongst the poor, moved naturally to fill the vacuum left by Miltiades's death, and in that decade became the most influential politician in Athens.

De Forest used Heinrich Geissler's mercury displacement pump, which left behind a partial vacuum.

* The production of most types of electric lamps, vacuum tubes, and CRTs where the device is either left evacuated or re-filled with a specific gas or gas mixture

Jardine, Matheson and Company took this opportunity to fill the vacuum left by the East India Company.

With the removal of the Despensers, many nobles, regardless of previous affiliation, now attempted to move into the vacuum left by the two.

In the direct reading hydrostatic manometer design on the left, unknown pressure pushes the liquid down the left side of the manometer U-tube ( or unknown vacuum pulls the liquid up the tube, as shown ) where a length scale next to the tube measures the pressure, referenced to the other, open end of the manometer on the right side of the U-tube.

In their wake a power vacuum was left on the Mongolian steppes.

This left a huge global production vacuum that was filled by American exporters.

The Labour Party's lack of a clear-cut reform agenda left a vacuum, which Jagan rapidly moved to fill.

The new procedure was intended to provide more stability than under the Weimar Constitution, when extremists on the left and right would vote to remove a chancellor, without agreeing on a new one, creating a leadership vacuum.

In the 4th and 5th centuries, after Magnus Maximus left Britain with his legions, leaving a power vacuum, colonists from Laigin settled in North Wales, specifically in Anglesey, Carnarvonshire and Denbighshire.

Working in a vacuum of minimal information can result only in show pieces that look good in exhibitions and catalogs and may please the public relations department but have little to do with the essence of interior design.

Recent advances in passively stable magnetic bearings may someday permit inexpensive storage of power in a flywheel in a vacuum.

In a vacuum, a beam of ions or electrons may be formed.

These regions may be initiated by field electron emission, but are then sustained by localized thermionic emission once a vacuum arc forms.

Direct current may flow in a conductor such as a wire, but can also flow through semiconductors, insulators, or even through a vacuum as in electron or ion beams.

Due to backstreaming, oil diffusion pumps are not suitable for use with highly sensitive analytical equipment or other applications which require an extremely clean vacuum environment, but mercury diffusion pumps may be in the case of ultra high vacuum chambers used for mercury deposition.

By exposing an azeotrope to a vacuum or positive pressure, it's possible to bias the boiling point of one component away from the other by exploiting the differing vapour pressure curves of each ; the curves may overlap at the azeotropic point, but are unlikely to be remain identical further along the pressure axis either side of the azeotropic point.

In the laboratory, pressure in the form of compressed air on the feed side ( or vacuum on the filtrate side ) may be applied to make the filtration process faster, though this may lead to clogging or the passage of fine particles.

Moderate vacuum pressures are often ambiguous, as they may represent absolute pressure or gauge pressure without a negative sign.

When measuring vacuum, the working liquid may evaporate and contaminate the vacuum if its vapor pressure is too high.

Extremophiles have been known to survive for a prolonged time in a vacuum, and can be highly resistant to radiation, which may even allow them to survive in space.

The amplifying elements may be junction or field-effect transistors, vacuum tubes, operational amplifiers, or other types of amplifier.

The coversheet is also cut, which may lead to a slight loss of vacuum around the edges of the coversheet, but this loss is usually not significant.

The phase velocity of electromagnetic radiation may – under certain circumstances ( for example anomalous dispersion ) – exceed the speed of light in a vacuum, but this does not indicate any superluminal information or energy transfer.

The lowest energy state is called the vacuum state and may be very complicated.

The vacuum state is the state with least energy ( and may or may not contain particles ).

Other functions may be combined ; for example a rework station, mainly for surface-mount components may have a hot air gun, vacuum pickup tool, and a soldering head ; a desoldering station will have a desoldering head with vacuum pump for desoldering through-hole components, and a soldering iron head.

Calculators usually have liquid crystal displays as output in place of historical vacuum fluorescent displays.

This creates a vacuum between the hands, arms and head which, with a vertical entry, will pull down and under any splash until deep enough to have minimal effect on the surface of the water ( the so-called " rip entry ").

The samples largely have to be viewed in vacuum, as the molecules that make up air would scatter the electrons.

Because the output pulses have a fixed amplitude, the switching elements ( usually MOSFETs, but valves ( vacuum tubes ) and bipolar transistors were once used ) are switched either completely on or completely off, rather than operated in linear mode.

Presence of alkaline metal ions has also detrimental effect to the loss tangent of the glass, and to its electrical resistance ; glasses for electronics ( sealing, vacuum tubes, lamps ...) have to take this in account.

Since the 1980s, various experiments have verified that it is possible for the group velocity of laser light pulses sent through specially prepared materials to significantly exceed the speed of light in vacuum.

In military dictatorships, or governments which have arisen from coups d ' état, the position of commander-in-chief is obvious, as all authority in such a government derives from the application of military force ; occasionally a power vacuum created by war is filled by a head of state stepping beyond his or her normal constitutional role, as King Albert I of Belgium did during World War I.

This invention is often considered to have been the beginning of electronics, for this was the first vacuum tube.

RF / V ( radio frequency + vacuum ) kilns use microwave radiation to heat the kiln charge, and typically have the highest operating cost due to the heat of vaporization being provided by electricity rather than local fossil fuel or waste wood sources.

Improvements in tubing and vacuum pumps, new filtering techniques, " supercharged " preheaters, and better storage containers have since been developed.

Many techniques have been developed for the measurement of pressure and vacuum.

Usually, each instance will have a unique name, so that if you have two instances of vacuum cleaners, one might be " vac1 " and the other " vac2 ".

In the vacuum cleaner analogy, one might have a vacuum cleaner definition with its ports, but now this definition would also include a full description of the machine's internal components and how they connect ( motors, switches, etc.

However, it leads to a fairly simple picture of the vacuum state and is not easily amenable to use in some quantum field theories, such as quantum chromodynamics which is known to have a complicated vacuum characterized by many different condensates.

Early devices were not practical power producers, but more advanced designs producing usable power have become a major source of mechanical power over the last 300 years, beginning with applications for removing water from mines using vacuum engines.