* 1886 – Eric Coates, English composer and viola player ( d. 1957 )

Two closely related instruments include the baryton and the viola d ' amore, although the latter is played under the chin, viola-fashion.

The baroque concerto was mainly for a string instrument ( violin, viola, cello, seldom viola d ' amore or harp ) or a wind instrument ( oboe, trumpet, flute, or horn ).

* American ( U. S. A .)— Brown, Earle: Tracking Pierrot ( 1992 ; chamber ensemble ); Wharton, Geoffry ( works mainly in Germany ): ‘’ Five Pierrot Tangos ’’ ( n. d .; violin / viola, flute, piano / synthesizer, cello, clarinet, and voice ).

Towards the end of the 1930s, he made several tours in America as a viola and viola d ' amore soloist.

Kammermusik No. 6, for example, is a concerto for the viola d ' amore, an instrument that has not been in wide use since the baroque period, but which Hindemith himself played.

The viola d ' amore shares many features of the viol family.

The 6 string viola d ' amore and the treble viol also have approximately the same ambitus or range of playable notes.

Intricately carved head at the top of the peg box are common on both viols and viola d ' amores as well ( although some viols lack them ).

The viola d ' amore usually has six or seven playing strings, which are sounded by drawing a bow across them, just as with a violin.

The first unambiguous reference to a viola d ' amore without sympathetic strings does not occur until the 1730s.

Largely thanks to the sympathetic strings, the viola d ' amore has a particularly sweet and warm sound.

The viola d ' amore was normally tuned specifically for the piece it was to play-cf.

The instrument was especially popular in the late 17th century, although a specialised viola d ' amore player would have been highly unusual, since it was customary for professional musicians to play a number of instruments, especially within the family of the musician's main instrument.

However, there has been renewed interest in the viola d ' amore in the last century.

The viola players Henri Casadesus and Paul Hindemith both played the viola d ' amore in the early 20th century, and the film composer Bernard Herrmann made use of it in several scores.

It may be noted that, like instruments of the violin family, the modern viola d ' amore was altered slightly in structure from the baroque version, mainly to support the extra tension of steel wound strings.

Leoš Janáček originally planned to use the viola d ' amore in his second string quartet, " Intimate Letters ".

However, the version with viola d ' amore was found in rehearsal to be impracticable, and Janáček re-cast the part for a conventional viola.

The viola d ' amore can regularly be heard today in musical ensembles that specialise in historically accurate performances of Baroque music on authentic instruments.

It was a natural choice for viola d ' amore where the tuning is not in the usual fifths.

The viola d ’ amore was usually played by violinists.

:: 6 Lessons for viola d ' amore and continuo

* Very brief, but it does have names for the viola in French, German and Italian.

Early Italian tenor viola da gamba, detail from the painting St. Cecilia, by Raphael, c. 1510.

In the 15th century, the Italian word " viola " was a generic term used to refer to any bowed instrument, or fiddle.

In Italy, " viola " was first applied to a braccio precursor to the modern violin, as described by Tinctoris ( De inventione et usu musice, c. 1481 – 3 ), and then was later used to describe the first Italian viols as well.

Bowing ( Italian: Arco ) is a method used in some string instruments, including the violin, viola, cello, and the double bass ( of the violin family ) and the old viol family.

The sînekemani (" breast fiddle ") is one of the members of the viol family, which was very popular in Western Europe, and known in almost all the countries of Europe by its Italian name, viola d ' amore, meaning " love fiddle.

Category: Italian classical viola d ' amore players

Important early images like this are key and essential for seeing and understanding the origins and connections between plucked vihuela and bowed vihuela, that is vihuela de arco, otherwise known as viola da gamba ( in Italian ) or viol s.

* Alessandro Rolla ( 1757 – 1841 ), Italian composer, violin and viola virtuoso

* Antonio Rolla ( 1798 – 1837 ), Italian composer, violin and viola virtuoso

Team, Italian viola da gamba virtuoso Paolo Pandolfo, and sitting in with Belgian punk legends The Kids.

Plantamura appears in six recordings of 17th century Italian vocal music that The Five Centuries Ensemble made for the Fonit Cetra / Italia label in Italy ( including works by d ' India, Monteverdi, Luzzaschi, Gagliano, Frescobaldi, and A. Scarlatti — other ensemble members on the recordings include soprano Martha Herr, countertenor Thomas, lutenist Jürgen Hübscher, viola da gambist Martha McGaughey, and harpsichordist Arthur Haas ).

Différences is a composition by the Italian composer Luciano Berio for flute, clarinet, viola, cello, harp and magnetic tape, dating 1958-59.

Dorothea Lynde Dix proclaims that “ Perhaps no flower ( not excepting even the queenly rose ) claims to be so universal a favorite, as the viola tricolor ; none currently has been honored with so rich a variety of names, at once expressive of grace, delicacy and tenderness .” Many of these names play on the whimsical nature of love, including “ Three Faces under a Hood ,” “ Flame Flower ,” “ Jump Up and Kiss Me ,” “ Flower of Jove ,” and “ Pink of my John .”

Though he originally studied law, he quickly realized his principal love was music, and he acquired a doctorate at Munich University, focusing on instrumental music of the late Renaissance and early Baroque eras, in particular music for the viola da gamba.

His playing, whether of violin or viola, had very great qualities ; he was perfect in ensemble, and his power of self-effacement was of a piece with his gentle disposition and with the pure love of art which distinguished him through life.

The double bass is closest in construction to violins, but has some notable similarities to the violone ( literally " large viol "), the largest and lowest member of the viola da gamba family.

The viol ( also known as the viola da gamba ) is any one of a family of bowed, fretted and stringed musical instruments developed in the mid-late 15th century and used primarily in the Renaissance and Baroque periods.

Image: Karl Friedrich Abel by Thomas Gainsborough. jpg | Portrait of Carl Friedrich Abel, composer and viol master — German-born but residing in England most of his life — posed with his viola da gamba.

The 1991 feature film Tous les matins du monde ( All the Mornings of the World ) by Alain Corneau, based on the lives of Monsieur de Sainte-Colombe and Marin Marais, prominently featured these composers ' music for the viola da gamba and brought viol music to new audiences.

It is important to note that the word " viola " existed in Italy before the vihuela, or first viol, was brought from Spain.

In Elizabethan English, the word " gambo " ( for gamba ) appears in many permutations ; e. g., " viola de gambo ", " gambo violl ", " viol de gambo ", or " viole de gambo ", used by such notables as Tobias Hume, John Dowland, and William Shakespeare in Twelfth Night.

These instruments are the violin, the viola, the cello, the double bass ( sometimes considered an anomaly because of its resemblance to the viol family ), the piano, the harp, and sometimes percussion.

As early as in the XVI Century, a musician named Juan Ortiz, from the village of Trinidad, is mentioned by famous chronicler Bernal Díaz del Castillo as " gran tañedor de vihuela y viola " ( a great performer of the " vihuela "-a guitar ancestor-and the viol ).

The arpeggione is a six-stringed musical instrument, fretted and tuned like a guitar, but bowed like a cello, and thus similar to the bass viola da gamba .< sup > photo </ sup > The body shape of the instrument, is however more similar to a medieval fiddle than either the guitar or the bass viol.

Bowed instruments include: cello, crwth, double bass, erhu, fiddle, hudok, mouthbow, nyckelharpa, hurdy gurdy, rabab, rebec, sarangi, viol, viola, viola da braccio, viola d ' amore, viola da gamba and violin.

He has been one of the major figures in the field of Western early music since the 1970s, largely responsible for bringing the viol ( viola da gamba ) back to life on the stage.

* Treble viol ( treble viola da gamba )

* Alto viol ( alto viola da gamba )

* Tenor viol ( tenor viola da gamba )

* Bass viol ( bass viola da gamba )

Sainte-Colombe was a celebrated master of the viola da gamba ; it is said that he added the seventh string ( AA ) on the bass viol.