The Gramophone involved a system of recording using a lateral ( sideways ) movement of the stylus as it traced a spiral onto a zinc disc coated with a compound of beeswax in a solution of benzine.

His piles had one extra disc of copper at the top, in contact with the zinc, and one extra disc of zinc at the bottom, in contact with the copper.

The coin consists of an outer yellow metal nickel-brass ring made from 76 % copper, 20 % zinc, and 4 % nickel, and an inner steel-coloured cupro-nickel disc made from 75 % copper, 25 % nickel.

It is in the form of a diameter, rhodium plated copper and zinc alloy disc with, on the obverse, the image of the Royal Cypher surmounted by a St. Edward's Crown ( symbolising the sovereign as fount of honour ) all superimposed on a large single maple leaf and circumscribed with the words CONFEDERATION • CONFÉDÉRATION above and the years 1867 — 1992 below.

Volta had determined that the most effective pair of dissimilar metals to produce electricity was zinc and silver.

Although forms of brass have been in use since prehistory, its true nature as a copper-zinc alloy was not understood until the post medieval period because the zinc vapor which reacted with copper to make brass was not recognised as a metal.

By the Roman period brass was being deliberately produced from metallic copper and zinc minerals using the cementation process and variations on this method continued until the mid 19th century.

It was eventually replaced by speltering, the direct alloying of copper and zinc metal which was introduced to Europe in the 16th century.

In the 1st century BC the Greek Dioscorides seems to have recognised a link between zinc minerals and brass describing how Cadmia ( zinc oxide ) was found on the walls of furnaces used to heat either zinc ore or copper and explaining that it can then be used to make brass.

Brass was produced by the cementation process where copper and zinc ore are heated together until zinc vapor is produced which reacts with the copper.

A number of Islamic writers and the 13th century Italian Marco Polo describe how this was obtained by sublimation from zinc ores and condensed onto clay or iron bars, archaeological examples of which have been identified at Kush in Iran.

A temporary lid was added at this point presumably to minimise the escape of zinc vapor.

Zinc metal was also becoming more commonplace By 1513 metallic zinc ingots from India and China were arriving in London and pellets of zinc condensed in furnace flues at the Rammelsberg in Germany were exploited for cementation brass making from around 1550.

Eventually it was discovered that metallic zinc could be alloyed with copper to make brass ; a process known as speltering and by 1657 the German chemist Johann Glauber had recognised that calamine was " nothing else but unmeltable zinc " and that zinc was a " half ripe metal.

" This local zinc was used in speltering and allowed greater control over the zinc content of brass and the production of high zinc copper alloys which would have been difficult or impossible to produce using cementation, for use in expensive objects such as scientific instruments, clocks, brass buttons and costume jewellery.

For his Maynooth battery he used iron casting for the outer casing and placed a zinc plate was immersed in a porous pot ( pot that had an inside and outside chamber for holding two different types of acid ) in the centre.

The Daniell cell was invented in 1836 by John Frederic Daniell, a British chemist and meteorologist, and consisted of a copper pot filled with a copper sulfate solution, in which was immersed an unglazed earthenware container filled with sulfuric acid and a zinc electrode.

In the Daniell cell, copper and zinc electrodes are immersed in a solution of copper ( II ) sulfate and zinc sulfate respectively.

Although galvanization can be done with electrochemical and electrodeposition processes, the most common method in current use is hot-dip galvanization, in which steel parts are submerged in a bath of molten zinc.

It is the process of coating iron, steel or aluminum with a thin zinc layer, by passing the metal through a molten bath of zinc at a temperature of around 860 ° F ( 460 ° C ).

Lead is often added to the molten zinc bath to improve the fluidity of the bath ( thus limiting excess zinc on the dipped product by improved drainage properties ), helps prevent floating dross, makes dross recycling easier and protects the kettle from uneven heat distribution from the burners.

King recalled in a 2006 newspaper interview, " it was post-war, with one brass tap, an outside toilet and a zinc bath in front of the fire ".

The company imports industrial chemical stock including caustic soda, potassium carbonate, normal hexane, chromic anhydride, zinc dusting powder, titanium white, other pigments, glycerine, seamless steel pipes, high alumina cement, nickel, silver, and various ingredients for the production of plastic.

Heavy ions such as iron, zinc, and arsenic leak during acid mine drainage.

As with aluminium, zinc and many other metals, the reaction with hydrochloric acid produces the chloride of the metal and releases hydrogen gas.

These additives include accelerators, activators like zinc oxide and stearic acid and antidegradants.

In pure etching, a metal ( usually copper, zinc or steel ) plate is covered with a waxy ground which is resistant to acid.

Ferric chloride may be used for etching copper or zinc plates, whereas nitric acid may be used for etching zinc or steel plates.

For example, zinc cannot be solvated by hydrochloric acid, but it can be converted into the soluble salt zinc chloride by a chemical reaction.

In 1766, the British scientist Henry Cavendish had discovered hydrogen, by adding sulphuric acid to iron, tin, or zinc shavings.

For example zinc, which is insoluble in hydrochloric acid, does dissolve in hydrochloric acid but by chemical reaction into hydrogen gas and zinc chloride, which in turn is soluble in the acid.

Tertiary alkanol reacts with hydrochloric acid directly to produce tertiary chloroalkane, but if primary or secondary alkanol is used, an activator such as zinc chloride is needed.

The structural zinc site is composed of four closely spaced cysteine ligands ( Cys97, Cys100, Cys103, and Cys111 in the amino acid sequence ) positioned in an almost symmetric tetrahedron around the Zn ion.

Essential fatty acid deficiency results in a dermatitis similar to that seen in zinc or biotin deficiency.

Wollaston also invented a battery that allowed the zinc plates in the battery to be raised out of the acid, so that the zinc wouldn't be dissolved as quickly as it would if it were in the battery all the time.

Key nutrients are calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, copper, manganese, Vitamin C, thiamine, pantothenic acid, Vitamin B, and folate.

It is a rich source of vitamin A ( and especially high in lutein ), vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin K, magnesium, manganese, folate, betaine, iron, vitamin B < sub > 2 </ sub >, calcium, potassium, vitamin B < sub > 6 </ sub >, folic acid, copper, protein, phosphorus, zinc, niacin, selenium and omega-3 fatty acids.

Dal is also rich in the B vitamins thiamine and folic acid as well as several minerals, notably iron and zinc.

These include artificial saliva, pilocarpine, zinc supplementation, alterations in drug therapy, and alpha lipoic acid.

Cooked amaranth leaves are a good source of vitamin A, vitamin C, and folate ; they are also a complementing source of other vitamins such as thiamine, niacin, and riboflavin, plus some dietary minerals including calcium, iron, potassium, zinc, copper, and manganese.

Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc ; the proportions of zinc and copper can be varied to create a range of brasses with varying properties.

* Low brass is a copper-zinc alloy containing 20 % zinc with a light golden color and excellent ductility ; it is used for flexible metal hoses and metal bellows.

Historical " bronzes " are highly variable in composition, as most metalworkers probably used whatever scrap was on hand ; the metal of the 12th century English Gloucester Candlestick is bronze containing a mixture of copper, zinc, tin, lead, nickel, iron, antimony, arsenic with an unusually large amount of silver – between 22. 5 % in the base and 5. 76 % in the pan below the candle.

Many minerals are also essential in small quantities including iron, calcium, magnesium and sulphur ; and in very small quantities copper, zinc and selenium.

; Metallotolerant: capable of tolerating high levels of dissolved heavy metals in solution, such as copper, cadmium, arsenic, and zinc ; examples include Ferroplasma sp., Cupriavidus metallidurans and GFAJ-1.

Common types of matrices include: plates of metal, usually copper or zinc for engraving or etching ; stone, used for lithography ; blocks of wood for woodcuts, linoleum for linocuts and fabric plates for screen-printing.

Various micronutrients are typically added to hydroponic solutions to supply essential elements ; among them are Fe ( iron ), Mn ( manganese ), Cu ( copper ), Zn ( zinc ), B ( boron ), Cl ( chlorine ), and Ni ( nickel ).

Natural resources: abundant hydropower ; significant deposits of gold and rare earth metals ; locally exploitable coal, petroleum, and natural gas ; other deposits of nepheline, mercury, bismuth, lead, and zinc.

Many sulfide minerals are economically important as metal ores ; examples include sphalerite ( ZnS ), an ore of zinc, galena ( PbS ), an ore of lead, cinnabar ( HgS ), an ore of mercury, and molybdenite ( MoS < sub > 2 </ sub >, an ore of molybdenum.

Group 12 elements are usually considered to be transition metals ; however, zinc ( Zn ), cadmium ( Cd ), and mercury ( Hg ) share some properties of both groups, and some scientists believe they should be included as main group elements.

Other examples include organomagnesium compounds like iodo ( methyl ) magnesium MeMgI, diethylmagnesium ( Et < sub > 2 </ sub > Mg ), and all Grignard reagents ; organolithium compounds such as n-butyllithium ( n-BuLi ), organozinc compounds such as diethylzinc ( Et < sub > 2 </ sub > Zn ) and chloro ( ethoxycarbonylmethyl ) zinc ( ClZnCH < sub > 2 </ sub > C (= O ) OEt ); and organocopper compounds such as lithium dimethylcuprate ( Li < sup >+</ sup >< sup >–</ sup >).

Peru's main exports are copper, gold, zinc, textiles, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, manufactures, machinery, services and fish meal ; its major trade partners are the United States, China, Brazil, European Union and Chile.

fish and fish products, copper, zinc, gold, molybdenum, iron, crude petroleum and byproducts, lead ; coffee, asparagus, artichokes, paprika, sugar, cotton, textiles, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, manufactures, machinery, services.

Sodium content in bulk may be determined by treating with a large excess of uranyl zinc acetate ; the hexahydrate ( UO < sub > 2 </ sub >)< sub > 2 </ sub > ZnNa ( CH < sub > 3 </ sub > CO < sub > 2 </ sub >)· 6H < sub > 2 </ sub > O precipitates, which can be weighed.

The ligands of the copper and zinc are six histidine and one aspartate side-chains ; one histidine is shared between the two metals.