Thermal energy is economical in areas of high industrial density, as the high demand cannot be met by renewable sources.

Heat engines distinguish themselves from other types of engines by the fact that their efficiency is fundamentally limited by Carnot's theorem .< ref > Thermal physics: entropy and free energies, by Joon Chang Lee ( 2002 ), Appendix A, p. 183: " A heat engine absorbs energy from a heat source and then converts it into work for us.

; Thermal expansion: A solid is said to be isotropic if the expansion of solid is equal in all directions when thermal energy is provided to the solid.

Similarly, in Thermal quantum field theory a compactification of the euclidean time dimension leads to the Matsubara frequencies and thus to a discretized thermal energy spectrum.

Thermal radiation refers not only to the radiation itself, but also the process by which the surface of an object radiates its thermal energy in the form black body radiation.

ICP-MS is more suitable for this application than the previously used Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry, as species with high ionization energy such as Osmium ( Os ) and Tungsten ( Hf-W ) can be easily ionised.

Treatment can include Endovenous Thermal Ablation using radiofrequency or laser energy, vein stripping, ambulatory phlebectomy, foam sclerotherapy, lasers, or compression.

Thermal insulation is the reduction of heat transfer ( the transfer of thermal energy between objects of differing temperature ) between objects in thermal contact or in range of radiative influence.

Thermal energy stored in the mass is then released back into the interior during the night.

* Thermal energy storage

Thermal effusivity is a quantity derived from conductivity which is a measure of its ability to exchange thermal energy with its surroundings.

Thermal energy is the energy that determines the temperature of matter.

Thermal energy is made up from molecular kinetic energy and latent phase energy.

Thermal imaging helicopters ( to detect hot lighting ), inspection of trash ( to find evidence of cultivation including waste plant matter ), examination of credit card purchases ( to find purchases from hydroponic equipment vendors ), and analysis of energy bills ( to detect energy usage patterns of marijuana growers ), have been used in prosecutions.

Thermal radiation is energy emitted by matter as electromagnetic waves due to the pool of thermal energy that all matter possesses that has a temperature above absolute zero.

Thermal energy storage refers to technologies that store energy in a thermal reservoir for later use.

Thermal energy results in kinetic energy in the random movements of atoms and molecules in matter.

Thermal energy transmitted by heat is stored as kinetic energy of atoms as they move, and in molecules as they rotate.

Thermal conductivity is directly traceable to the material's porous, air-cell construction which effectively traps air or a gas in the maze of minute bubbles which form its composition.

Thermal noise is white noise meaning that the power spectral density is constant throughout the frequency spectrum.

Thermal radiation is an important mechanism of heat transfer.

Thermal erosion is the result of melting and weakening permafrost due to moving water.

Thermal diffusion galvanizing, a form of Sherardizing, provides a zinc coating on iron or copper based materials partially similar to hot dip galvanizing, but the final surface that results is different from that yielded with hot-dip galvanizing in that all of the zinc is alloyed.

Detailed Thermal Emission Imaging System | THEMIS daytime infrared image mosaic of Olympus Mons. Olympus Mons lies at the edge of the Tharsis bulge, a vast volcanic plateau that is very ancient.

Thermal storage is the temporary storage or removal of heat for later use.

* Thermal pollution, is a temperature change in natural water bodies caused by human influence, such as use of water as coolant in a power plant.

Thermal radiation is a common synonym for approximately black body radiation spontaneously emitted from objects, that is chiefly infrared electromagnetic radiation at temperatures often encountered on Earth.

Thermal radiation is generated when heat from the movement of charged particles within atoms is converted to electromagnetic radiation.

* Thermal infrared spectroscopy measures thermal radiation emitted from materials and surfaces and is used to determine the type of bonds present in a sample as well as their lattice environment.

* Protection against small micrometeoroids, some traveling at up to 27, 000 kilometers per hour, provided by a puncture-resistant Thermal Micrometeoroid Garment, which is the outermost layer of the suit.

Thermal contact with the heat sink is then broken so that the system is insulated, and the magnetic field is switched off.

Thermal contact with the heat sink is then broken so that the system is insulated, and the magnetic field is switched off, increasing the heat capacity of the refrigerant, thus decreasing its temperature below the temperature of the helium heat sink.

Thermal expansion is also used in mechanical applications to fit parts over one another, e. g. a bushing can be fitted over a shaft by making its inner diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the shaft, then heating it until it fits over the shaft, and allowing it to cool after it has been pushed over the shaft, thus achieving a ' shrink fit '.

Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion ( OTEC ) uses the temperature difference between cooler deep and warmer shallow or surface ocean waters to run a heat engine and produce useful work, usually in the form of electricity.

Thermal contact conductance is the study of heat conduction between solid bodies in contact.

: Thermal imaging technologies work by detecting the temperature difference between the background and the foreground objects.

Thermal contact conductance is the study of heat conduction between solid bodies in contact.

Thermal mass flow meters generally use combinations of heated elements and temperature sensors to measure the difference between static and flowing heat transfer to a fluid and infer its flow with a knowledge of the fluid's specific heat and density.

Thermal wind is a meteorological term not referring to an actual wind, but a difference in the geostrophic wind between two pressure levels and, with < math > p_1 < p_0 </ math >; in essence, wind shear.

Thermal radiation accounts for between 35-45 % of the energy released in the explosion, depending on the yield of the device.

Thermal adhesive or thermal grease fills the air gap between the heat sink and device to improve its thermal performance.

A 50: 50 joint venture between Steel Authority of India Ltd. ( SAIL ) and National Thermal Power Corporation Ltd. ( NTPC Ltd .); manages the captive power plants at Rourkela, Durgapur and Bhilai with a combined capacity of 314 megawatts ( MW ).

* Thermal analysis, a group of techniques that study the relationship between a sample property and its temperature

Thermal breaks are barriers between exterior metal and interior metal, usually made of polyvinyl chloride ( PVC ).

Thermal interfacial materials ( TIMs ) are thermally conductive materials, which are applied to increase Thermal contact conductance across jointed solid surfaces, such as between microprocessors and heatsinks, in order to increase thermal transfer efficiency.

The Bobov Dol Thermal Power Plant was built between 1973 and 1975 10 kilometres from the town, at the village of Golemo Selo.

Sparks, R. S. J., and Marshall, L., 1986, Thermal and mechanical constraints on mixing between mafic and silicic magmas: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 29, p. 99-124

Thermal resistance and sound transmission vary greatly between fiber cement products.

By contrast, the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum may have initiated anywhere between a few decades and several thousand years.