These tests include: detecting complement fixation, indirect hemagglutination, indirect fluorescence assays, radioimmunoassays, and ELISA.

These findings rely on inhibition assays and the study of the kinetics of cleavage of the aforementioned substrate, exploiting the fact that the enzyme-substrate intermediate p-nitrophenolate has a yellow colour, enabling us to measure its concentration by measuring light absorbance at 410 nm.

These early techniques have been supplanted by PCR-based assays.

These kind of industrial scale assays are often done in well equipped laboratories and use high level of automation in organizing the procedure, right from ordering of an assay, to pre-analytic sample processing ( sample collection, necessary manipulations e. g. spinning for separation or other processes, aliquoting if necessary, storage, retrieval, pipetting / aspiration etc.

These predictive in vitro assays reveal effects the administered compounds have on the bone marrow progenitor cells that produce the various mature cells in the blood and can be used to test the effects of single drugs or the effects of drugs administered in combination with others.

These assays measure cellular metabolic activity via NAD ( P ) H-dependent cellular oxidoreductase enzymes and may, under defined conditions, reflect the number of viable cells ( cell proliferation ).

These ideas were tested using sensitive and specific assays based on a combination of HPLC and mass spectrometry, but these peptides cannot be detected in autistic children's urine.

These antibodies are typically detected with chemiluminescent, fluorescent or colorimetric assays.

These assays include top agar overlay assays where antibiotics generate zones of growth inhibition against test microbes, and pH assays that can screen for pH change due to newly synthesized molecules using pH indicator on an agar plate.

These assays make use of a sugar linked to a dye which, when acted on by the enzyme beta-galactosidase, produces a characteristic color.

These assays are in general much more sensitive than spectrophotometric assays, but can suffer from interference caused by impurities and the instability of many fluorescent compounds when exposed to light.

These assays are very general, since many reactions involve some change in heat and with use of a microcalorimeter, not much enzyme or substrate is required.

These assays can be used to measure reactions that are impossible to assay in any other way.

These properties can be illustrated with relative ease in vitro, using methods such as clonogenic assays, where the progeny of a single cell is characterized.

These are just another couple of characters to roll.

These men are not callous.

These things are important to almost all Persians and perhaps most important to the most ordinary.

These are traversed by another line of vaults, and thus rooms, arched on all four sides, are formed.

These songs ( practically all Persian music, for that matter ) are limited to a range of two octaves.

These are not, however, differences in federal structure.

These my grandmother left in their places ( they are still there, more persistent and longer-lived than the generations of man ) and planted others like them, that flourished without careful tending.

These are like the initial ways in which the world forces itself upon the self and thrusts the self into decision and choice.

These are suggestive of Selma Lagerlof.

These assumptions lead to an organization with one man at the top, six directly under him, six under each of these, and so on until there are six levels of personnel.

These ways are absolutely irreconcilable because they offer two different recipes for man's redemption from chaos.

These responses are explicable in terms of characteristics inherent in the crisis.

These discoveries are of present interest chiefly to the scientific community ; ;

These are personality factors ; ;

These are, if the research is done with subtlety and skill, researchable topics, but the research is missing.

These moments are historical events in the lives of individual authors with which the student of comparative literature must be frequently concerned.

These lives are in themselves outside of the moral order and are unburdened with moral responsibility.

These conceptions and the manner in which they were transposed into poetry or engendered by poetic form are intrinsic to western life from the time of Aeschylus to that of Shakespeare.

These biographical analogies are obvious, and far too much time has been spent speculating on their possible implications.

These women whose organization grew out of the old suffrage movement are dedicated to Thomas Jefferson's dictum that one must cherish the people's spirit but `` Keep alive their attention ''.

These are, of course, the same people whose support he has only now rejected to seek the independent vote.

These are New York, Pennsylvania, Michigan, Maryland, Missouri, New Jersey, Illinois and Minnesota.

These men are spenders.

These never ceased to suggest that if, in the eyes of Marx and Lenin `` full communism '' was still a very distant ideal, the establishment of a Communist society had now, under Khrushchev, become an `` immediate and tangible reality ''.

These arrangements are, in our opinion, very favorable to Leesona.

These schools are intended to provide the facilities and specialized curriculum that would not be possible for very small school districts.

These qualities are the ultimate source of human happiness, and the need for them lies at the very core of our being " ( Dalai Lama ).

These lampoons include appealing to the authority of " a very knowing American of my acquaintance in London " and " the famous Psalmanazar, a native of the island Formosa " ( who had already confessed to not being from Formosa in 1706 ).

These were rejected in a referendum the following May at the same time as parliamentary elections which left Kocharyan's party in a very powerful position in parliament.

These forest-types, which includes the Yungas and parts of the Chocó, are very rich in flora and fauna, although few large mammals exists, exceptions being the threatened Mountain Tapir, Spectacled Bear and Yellow-tailed Woolly Monkey.

These collections deal primarily with Carnegie philanthropy and have very little personal material related to Carnegie.

These songs usually have a very punctuated rhythm precisely for this reason, along with a call-and-answer format.

These are very closely related to intrinsic pathway, and tumors arise more frequently through intrinsic pathway than the extrinsic pathway because of sensitivity.

These effects, often several of them at a time, made it very difficult for World War II era aircraft to reach speeds much beyond 800 km / h ( 500 mph ).

These two product lines were the very first acrylic emulsion artists paints.

These archaeologists suggested that defensibility was never a major concern in the siting of a broch, and argued that they may have been the " stately homes " of their time, objects of prestige and very visible demonstrations of superiority for important families ( Armit 2003 ).

These arguments, and a discussion of the distinctions between absolute and relative time, space, place and motion, appear in a Scholium at the very beginning of Newton's work, The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy ( 1687 ), which established the foundations of classical mechanics and introduced his law of universal gravitation, which yielded the first quantitatively adequate dynamical explanation of planetary motion.

These abbreviated volumes soon became very popular and eventually supplanted the Roman Catholic Church's Curia office, previously said by non-monastic clergy.

These offices are of very ancient date, and many of them were probably in origin proper to individual saints.

These rules served in a very real sense as a constitution for the Ming Dynasty for the next 250 years.

These are the issue of Royal Prerogative where the reigning monarch may continue to exercise power under certain very limited circumstances, Sovereign Immunity where they are considered to have done no wrong under the law, and may avoid both taxation and planning permission for example, and considerable ceremonial power where the executive, judiciary, police and armed forces owe allegiance to the Crown.

These proteins can specifically catalyze a single reaction, so that reactions can be controlled very precisely.

These missile weapons were very successfully used in the Hussite Wars, in combination with Wagenburg tactics.

These vary from extremely general ones ( PID controller ), to others devoted to very particular classes of systems ( especially robotics or aircraft cruise control ).

These crankshafts tend to be very expensive due to the large amount of material that must be removed with lathes and milling machines, the high material cost, and the additional heat treatment required.

These ' very small ' quantities are used in the Leibniz approach to the infinitesimal calculus.

These coordinates are a very special example of a more general concept of local coordinates from the theory of differential forms.

These machines were, however, very heavy and expensive.