These lasers are often pumped by electrical discharge.

These two combined effects ( which in transmission fibers give rise to polarization mode dispersion ) produce a misalignment of the relative polarizations of the signal and pump lasers along the fiber, thus tending to average out the PDG.

These devices are similar in structure to, and share many features with, vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers ( VCSELs ).

These systems use lasers that have a lower tolerance for ORL, and introduce elements into the network that are located in close proximity to the laser.

These findings from quantum mechanics have found many applications, and allow us to build transistors and lasers.

These clusters are: aerospace, agribusiness, bioindustry, optoelectronics ( sensors, lasers, etc.

These transversely multi-mode lasers are adequate in cases where one needs a very large amount of power, but not a small diffraction-limited beam ; for example in printing, activating chemicals, or pumping other types of lasers.

These lasers utilized aluminum gallium arsenide p-type injectors situated over n-type gallium arsenide layers grown on the substrate by LPE.

These lasers take advantage of the fact that excimer components have attractive interactions in the excited state and repulsive interactions in the ground state.

These lasers can be tuned by either adjusting their temperature or by changing injection current density into the gain medium.

These lasers are also used extensively in the field of cosmetic medicine for laser hair removal and the treatment of minor vascular defects such as spider veins on the face and legs.

These lasers are mainly used in scientific research because of their tunability and their ability to generate ultrashort pulses.

These lasers are generally at a wavelength of 830 nanometers, but vary in their energy usage depending on whether they are used to expose or ablate material.

These lasers are characterized by their wavelength, measured in nanometers ( nm ):

These short pulses open the new field of ultrafast optics, which is a field of nonlinear optics that gives access to a completely new class of phenomena like measurement of electron movements in an atom ( attosecond phenomena ), coherent broadband light generation ( ultrabroad lasers ) and thereby gives rise to many new applications in optical sensing ( e. g. coherent laser radar, ultrahigh resolution optical coherence tomography ), material processing and other fields like metrology ( extremely exact frequency and time measurements ).

These include cybernetically-implanted lasers, nanotech nuclear warheads implanted in the body, swords which can disintegrate in bursts of flame, and advanced spaceships.

These lasers are also used extensively in the field of cosmetic medicine for laser hair removal and the treatment of minor vascular defects such as spider veins on the face and legs.

These weapons appear in many different sizes, ranging from hand lasers to planet destruction-cannons.

These regulations also prescribe required safety measures, such as labeling lasers with specific warnings, and wearing laser safety goggles when operating lasers.

These enable it to mount various commercial scopes, flashlights, lasers, and even secondary underbarrel weapons such as grenade launchers and shotguns.

These lasers are in the process of challenging conventional high power lasers such as solid state ( e. g., Nd: YAG ) and carbon dioxide lasers for machining operations.

These positions carry such titles as:

These areas, by virtue of their abrupt density of pattern, stated the literal surface with such new and superior force that the resulting contrast drove the simulated printing into a depth from which it could be rescued -- and set to shuttling again -- only by conventional perspective ; ;

These are still in wide use today, particularly in semi-rigid formulations, for such applications as cores for sandwich-type structural panels, foamed-in-place insulation, automotive safety padding, arm rests, etc..

These opportunities are to be found in certain cities in such crafts as auto mechanics, carpentry, drafting, electrical work, tool-and-die work, and sheet-metal work.

These axioms are sufficient for many proofs in elementary mathematical analysis, and are consistent with some principles, such as the Lebesgue measurability of all sets of reals, that are disprovable from the full axiom of choice.

These Articles ( though no longer binding ) have had an influence on the ethos of the Communion, an ethos reinforced by their interpretation and expansion by such influential early theologians as Richard Hooker, Lancelot Andrewes, John Cosin, and others.

These provinces may take the form of national churches ( such as in Canada, Uganda, or Japan ) or a collection of nations ( such as the West Indies, Central Africa, or Southeast Asia ).

These Lambeth Conferences have been held roughly every 10 years since 1878 ( the second such conference ) and remain the most visible coming-together of the whole Communion.

These scripts formed the basis of the historical scripts of Central Asia, such as the Sogdian and Mongolian alphabets.

These defects are created during plastic deformation, such as hammering or bending, and are permanent unless the metal is recrystallized.

These frequencies can be used to study geological phenomena such as earthquakes.

These snails cling solidly with their broad muscular foot to rocky surfaces at sublittoral depths, although some species such as Haliotis cracherodii used to be common in the intertidal zone.

These ambers are formed from resins with a sesquiterpenoid base, such as cadinene.

These historians point towards the unstable oligarchies established by Lysander in the former Athenian Empire and the failures of Spartan leaders ( such as Pausanias and Kleombrotos ) for the eventually suppression of Spartan power.

: These sold at such prices in the markets of all the cities!

These displayed his prolific habits and literally encyclopedic knowledge of topics such as logic, theology, botany, geography, astronomy, astrology, mineralogy, chemistry, zoology, physiology, phrenology and others ; all of which were the result of logic and observation.

These operations are compounding ( or the addition of one idea onto another, such as a horn on a horse to create a unicorn ); transposing ( or the substitution of one part of a thing with the part from another, such as with the body of a man upon a horse to make a centaur ); augmenting ( as with the case of a giant, whose size has been augmented ); and diminishing ( as with Lilliputians, whose size has been diminished ).

These antigens should, under normal conditions, not be the target of the immune system, but, due to mainly genetic and environmental factors, the normal immunological tolerance for such an antigen has been lost in these patients.

These measures plus the improvement in Israel's relations with Egypt and Jordan, the renunciation of terrorism by the Palestine Liberation Organization, the on-going peace talks between the PLO and Israel, the collapse of the communist states in East Europe, which reduced the scope for sanctuaries for terrorists, and the more cautious attitude of countries such as Libya and Syria after the U. S. declared them State-sponsors of international terrorism, the collapse of ideological terrorist groups such as the Red Army Faction and the tightening of civil aviation security measures by all countries have arrested and reversed the steep upward movement of hijackings.

These were initially custom devices, but it was soon common to include such support in a LocalTalk-to-Ethernet bridge.

These drugs ( such as rofecoxib, celecoxib and etoricoxib ) are equally effective analgesics when compared with NSAIDs, but cause less gastrointestinal hemorrhage in particular.

These edicts often pertained to matters such as the regulation of the public markets, or what we might call " economic regulation ".