These measured positions are then compared with those calculated by the laws of celestial mechanics: an assembly of calculated positions is often referred to as an ephemeris, in which distances are commonly calculated in astronomical units.

These authors proved, however, that no optical system can justify these suppositions, since they are contradictory to the fundamental laws of reflexion and refraction.

These teachings discuss the ministry and atonement of Jesus, the laws of justice and mercy, the need for repentance, and the resurrection and judgment of all people.

These Sunday laws enacted at the state and local levels would sometimes carry penalties for doing non-religious activities on Sunday as part of an effort to enforce religious observance and church attendance.

These studies have been challenged by several Brazilian ministries, which assert that recent improvements in environmental laws, enforcement and public attitudes have fundamentally reduced the threat posed to forests by such projects.

These include various predictions of the downfall of the northern kingdom, the equivalent prediction of the downfall of Judah following the reign of Manasseh, the extension of Josiah's reforms in accordance with the laws of Deuteronomy, and the revision of the narrative from Jeremiah concerning Judah's last days.

These laws describe the behaviour of a black hole in close analogy to the laws of thermodynamics by relating mass to energy, area to entropy, and surface gravity to temperature.

These laws might have paved the way to removing the worst of the poverty during the previous regimes.

These laws vary from time to time and from place to place: note variations in gambling laws, for example, and the prohibition or encouragement of duelling in history.

Because his vision of personal and social perfections was framed as a revival of the ordered society of earlier times, Confucius is often considered a great proponent of conservatism, but a closer look at what he proposes often shows that he used ( and perhaps twisted ) past institutions and rites to push a new political agenda of his own: a revival of a unified royal state, whose rulers would succeed to power on the basis of their moral merits instead of lineage. These would be rulers devoted to their people, striving for personal and social perfection, and such a ruler would spread his own virtues to the people instead of imposing proper behavior with laws and rules.

These laws in ancient India discriminated between castes.

These laws sharply circumscribe any non-governmental political activity: street demonstrations, non-approved political organizations, and un-registered financial donations are formally banned.

These experiments are used to prove, verify, and reinforce laws and theorems such as Ohm's law, Kirchhoff's laws, etc.

These areas are not mutually exclusive — for example, laws governing water pollution in lakes and rivers may also conserve the recreational value of such water bodies.

These laws regulated public drinking water systems, toxic substances, pesticides, and ocean dumping ; and protected wildlife, wilderness, and wild and scenic rivers.

These successes were followed by the enactment of a whole series of laws regulating waste ( Resource Conservation and Recovery Act ), toxic substances ( Toxic Substances Control Act ), pesticides ( FIFRA: Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act ), clean-up of polluted sites ( Superfund ), protection of endangered species ( Endangered Species Act ), and more.

These laws were intended to promote the production of media arts, including film scenery, and stipulate that the government – on both the national and local levels – must lend aid in order to preserve film media.

These laws were among the first race-based measures instituted by the Third Reich.

These laws did not extend to the regions affected by the Protestant Reformation.

These laws must be wisely and lovingly observed.

These laws vary to some extent, such acts are called incestuous.

These qualms exacerbated animosities toward Peru dating from the colonial period, now intensified by disputes over customs duties and loans.

These organizations ' customs and practices differ widely.

These local customs are referred to as differences in typica and are accepted by church leaders since they are not perceived to conflict theologically with basic Orthodox teachings.

These are examples ; depending on the period of time and location in Europe, feudal customs and practices varied ; see examples of feudalism.

These conquerors soon became settled, and adopted many of the local customs, forming many small and warring kingdoms.

These innovations in turn drew upon existing tribal customs, such as the iNtanga.

These shared the profits of the silver mines in southern Iberia with the Barcas family and closely followed Hellenistic diplomatic customs.

These reforms were aimed at eliminating most state monopolies, simplifying taxes and customs duties, curtailing public employment, and privatizing major state enterprises.

These customs, unique to the Spartans, have been interpreted in various ways.

These would indicate that certain institutions and customs came directly from the Etruscans.

These customs ranged throughout Southeast Asia, stretching, for example, to the island of New Guinea. The agricultural technology was exploited after population pressures increased to the point that systematic intensive farming was required for mere survival, say of yams ( in Papua ) or rice ( in Indonesia ).

These preventative measures are a combination of systems and practices put into its place at legitimate bioscience laboratories to prevent the use of dangerous pathogens and toxins for malicious use, as well as by customs agents and agricultural and natural resource managers to prevent the spread of these biological agents in natural and managed.

These conflicts included a customs dispute with Austria-Hungary beginning in 1906 ( commonly referred to as the " Pig War "), the Bosnian crisis of 1908 – 1909 in which Serbia assumed an attitude of protest over Austria-Hungary's annexation of Bosnia-Herzegovina ( ending in Serbian acquiescence without compensation in March 1909 ), and finally the two Balkan Wars of 1912 – 1913 in which Serbia conquered Macedonia and Kosovo from the Ottoman Empire.

These customs come from traditions passed from generation to generation and have become standard.

These people share many common cultural customs with neighboring nations.

These new rulers adopted many Egyptian beliefs and customs, but always " interpreted " them in relation to their Greek culture.

These times include, for example, when two Jews of different ethnic background marry, when a non-Jew converts to Judaism and determines what customs to follow for the first time, or when a lapsed or less observant Jew returns to traditional Judaism and must determine what was done in his or her family's past.

These efforts were largely unsuccessful in that Manchus gradually adopted the customs and language of the surrounding Han Chinese and, by the 19th century, spoken Manchu was rarely used even in the Imperial court.

These boys, usually between the ages of 10 and 12, were then taken from their parents and given to the Turkish families in the provinces to learn Turkish language and customs, and the rules of Islam ; these boys were then enrolled in Janissary training.

These codified laws may coexist with or contradict other forms of social control, such as religious proscriptions, professional rules and ethics, or the cultural mores and customs of a society.

These developments have reflected changing customs, political ideals, and economic conditions.

These subdivisions are still recognized by Nejdis today, as each province retains its own variation of the Nejdi dialect and Nejdi customs.

These tribes spoke different languages ​​ but their customs were similar.

These monikers were given based on their customs of tattooing and teeth decoration.