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These liquid crystals phases may be ferroelectric or anti-ferroelectric, both of which are of interest for applications.
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These and liquid
These estimates indicated that the quantum yield for the exchange of chlorine with liquid carbon tetrachloride at 65-degrees is of the order of magnitude of unity.
These waves have shown that 1,800 miles below the surface a liquid core begins, and that it, in turn, has a solid inner core.
These compounds, when heated together, form an azeotrope, which is a composition with a boiling point higher or lower than the boiling point of each separate liquid.
These anisotropic self-assembled nano-structures can then order themselves in much the same way as thermotropic liquid crystals do, forming large-scale versions of all the thermotropic phases ( such as a nematic phase of rod-shaped micelles ).
These changes can be observed and attributed to various phase transitions, such as key liquid crystal transitions.
These liquid crystal membrane phases can also host important proteins such as receptors freely " floating " inside, or partly outside, the membrane, e. g. CCT.
These life forms are found in almost every location on the Earth where there is liquid water, including the interior of rocks within the planet.
These reactors can function much like a PWR in terms of efficiency, and do not require much high pressure containment, as the liquid metal does not need to be kept at high pressure, even at very high temperatures.
These pumps are usually specified when the pumped fluid is mainly liquid.
These are cooled by liquid nitrogen or helium.
These concentrated products may be diluted with water to form a concentrated liquid fertilizer ( e. g. UAN ).
These ISO tanks can also be used for transportation of liquid chemicals and food stuffs.
These oscillating bubbles are responsible for most liquid sounds, such as running water or splashes, as they actually consist of many drop-liquid collisions.
These clouds are formed from ice crystals, supercooled water droplets, or liquid water droplets.
These two processes produce water that is denser and colder ( or, more precisely, water that is still liquid at a lower temperature ).
These instruments are installed along the pipeline on some specific locations, such as injection or delivery stations, pump stations ( liquid pipelines ) or compressor stations ( gas pipelines ), and block valve stations.
These are traditionally classified as dry granulation and wet granulation, depending on whether a liquid is used to aid the agglomeration.
These methods involve the addition of a liquid and, usually, a polymeric binder to powdered starting materials, and a form of agitation to promote agglomeration followed by a drying process.
These are then made available through its fast-growing leaves ( up to 4-5 pounds per plant per cut ) which, lacking fibre, quickly break down to a thick black liquid.
These electrons are collected through the liquid metal column by the channel walls, and the positive ions are accelerated away from the liquid through a gap in the negative accelerator electrode by the same electric field that created them.
These are used much like a burette, in that the volume is found by calculating the difference of the liquid level before and after liquid is dispensed.
These names describe the direction of energy flow when changing from one phase to the next: from solid to liquid, and to gas.
These and crystals
These are composed of strontium sulfate crystals, which do not fossilize, and take the form of either ten diametric or twenty radial spines.
These are grouped into 7 crystal systems, such as cubic crystal system ( where the crystals may form cubes or rectangular boxes, such as halite shown at right ) or hexagonal crystal system ( where the crystals may form hexagons, such as ordinary water ice ).
These include fracture patterns in crystals of quartz and feldspar, and formation of high-pressure materials such as diamond, derived from graphite and other carbon compounds, or stishovite and coesite, varieties of shocked quartz.
These dislocations permit ionic transport through crystals leading to electrochemical reactions.
These structures resemble a heavy coating of hoar frost with big and interlocking crystals, usually needle-shaped.
These ice beers are brewed and filtered at sub-freezing temperatures, thus producing ice crystals and raising the resulting alcohol content.
These crystals are not toxic, but create a " gritty " texture in the syrup if not filtered out.
These regions are known as crystals.
These crystals are typically sphenoid in habit and are often twinned.
These are usually observed much closer to the light source than halos, and are caused by very fine particles, like water droplets, ice crystals, or smoke particles in a hazy sky.
These clouds only form glories when the constituent ice crystals are aspherical, and researchers suggest that the ice crystals must be between 0. 009 millimeters and 0. 015 millimeters in length.
These clouds are composed of water droplets, except during winter when they are formed of supercolled waterdroplets or ice crystals if the temperature at cloud level is below freezing.
These clouds do not last long, and they tend to change into cirrus because as the water vapor continues to deposit on the ice crystals, they eventually begin to fall, destroying the upward convection.
These crystals are described as being non-reactive to anti-matter when bombarded with high levels of radiation.
These crystals then trigger a local immune-mediated inflammatory reaction, with one of the key proteins in the inflammatory cascade being interleukin 1β.
These crystals were formed into a large solid cone for transport and sale.
These kinds of crystals have one or two optical axes.
These water droplets collide with ice crystals to form a soft ice-water mixture called graupel.
These crystals, when tasted, reproduced the ineffable but undeniable flavor he detected in many foods, most especially in seaweed.
These salt crystals expand as they are heated up, exerting pressure on the confining rock.
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