These variations must eventually be measured horizontally as well as vertically.

These measured positions are then compared with those calculated by the laws of celestial mechanics: an assembly of calculated positions is often referred to as an ephemeris, in which distances are commonly calculated in astronomical units.

These audio signals are measured in bels or in decibels.

These methods can be categorized according to which aspects of the cell are controlled and which are measured.

These expeditions measured very similar depths of.

These gauges are accurate from 10 Torr to 10 < sup >− 3 </ sup > Torr, but they are sensitive to the chemical composition of the gases being measured.

These specifications were provided by calculating adequate intakes from measured intakes in populations of individuals with “ desirable osmolarity values of urine and desirable water volumes per energy unit consumed .” For healthful hydration, the current EFSA guidelines recommend total water intakes of 2. 0 L / day for adult females and 2. 5 L / day for adult males.

These angels are described as having solid black eyes, having a shoulder span measured in miles, and carrying hammers " so large, that if all of mankind tried at once to move them a single inch, they would fail ".

These algorithms compute an estimate of the likely distribution of annihilation events that led to the measured data, based on statistical principles.

These quantities can then be absorbed into an infinite collection of coupling constants, and at energies well below the fundamental cutoff of the theory, to any desired precision ; only a finite number of these coupling constants need to be measured in order to make legitimate quantum-mechanical predictions.

These include photon scanning microscopy ( PSTM ), which uses an optical tip to tunnel photons ; scanning tunneling potentiometry ( STP ), which measures electric potential across a surface ; spin polarized scanning tunneling microscopy ( SPSTM ), which uses a ferromagnetic tip to tunnel spin-polarized electrons into a magnetic sample, and atomic force microscopy ( AFM ), in which the force caused by interaction between the tip and sample is measured.

These are detectable with spectroscopy and have been measured for many evolved stars.

( See: airfoil ) These air pressure differences can be either measured directly using instrumentation or they can be calculated from the airspeed distribution using basic physical principles, including Bernoulli's Principle which relates changes in air speed to changes in air pressure.

These masses are obtained by applying the laws of gravity to the measured characteristics of the orbit.

These errors are measured in a unit called the least significant bit ( LSB ).

The path loss for the first ten kilometers may be 150 -- 190 dB ( Note: These values are very approximate and are given here only as an illustration of the range in which the numbers used to express the path loss values can eventually be, these are not definitive or binding figures -- the path loss may be very different for the same distance along two different paths and it can be different even along the same path if measured at different times.

These angles are measured with respect to the normal line, represented perpendicular to the boundary.

These are some of the Thiele / Small parameters which can either be measured or found with the driver specifications.

These concepts are important for understanding celestial reference systems, the methods in which the positions of objects in the sky are measured.

These shapes are carefully measured and cut, basic geometric shapes making them easy to piece together.

These constants can be determined experimentally by fitting a straight line to measured data.

These measured radio waves generated by plasma releases, or the plasma itself as it passed over the spacecraft.

These dogs are highly desirable pets because of their manners and obedience training ; waiting lists for such placements may sometimes be measured in years.

These new patterns have been systematically classified and their design characteristics measured

These are dB SPL ( sound pressure level ) measured in a standard ear for a 1 kHz sinusoidal headphone input of either 1 milliwatt or one millivolt.

These properties and ratios are used to determine the age of rocks by the method of K-Ar dating.

These steels were of poor quality, and the introduction of pattern welding, around the 1st century AD, sought to balance the extreme properties of the alloys by laminating them, to create a tougher metal.

These include host defense mechanisms, the location of infection, and the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the antibacterial.

These oncolytic properties provided a promising link between CDV and lymphoma apoptosis which can lead to development of alternative treatment methods for both canine lymphoma and human non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

These two isomers of butene are slightly different in their chemical and physical properties.

These have some bosonic properties, while bosons, at sufficiently low temperature, can form a large Bose-Einstein condensate.

These properties are special because they are visible from outside a black hole.

These forms of linear combination satisfy numerous simple-looking properties, like asymptotic formulae or integral representations.

These properties make benzodiazepines useful in treating anxiety, insomnia, agitation, seizures, muscle spasms, alcohol withdrawal and as a premedication for medical or dental procedures.

These cylindrical carbon molecules have unusual properties, which are valuable for nanotechnology, electronics, optics and other fields of materials science and technology.

These sheets are rolled at specific and discrete (" chiral ") angles, and the combination of the rolling angle and radius decides the nanotube properties ; for example, whether the individual nanotube shell is a metal or semiconductor.

These techniques rely on the properties of starches to create simpler mucilaginous saccharides during cooking, which causes the familiar thickening of sauces.

These include models to study the electronic properties of solids, such as the Drude model, the Band structure and the density functional theory.

These physical properties are then represented by tensors, which are mathematical objects that have the required property of being independent of coordinate system.

These films have much less tensile stress, but worse electrical properties ( resistivity 10 < sup > 6 </ sup > to 10 < sup > 15 </ sup > Ω · cm, and dielectric strength 1 to 5 MV / cm ).

These different factors affect the diamond's hardness, smoothness, conductivity, optical properties and more.

These conflicting properties caused disruptions when trying to classify it as a wave or particle.

These carbides have metallic properties and are refractory.

These two properties determine whether a given index is worth the cost.

where b and c are scalars, v is any vector of size n and I is the identity matrix of size n. These properties state that the determinant is an alternating multilinear function of the columns, and they suffice to uniquely calculate the determinant of any square matrix.

These two properties determine whether a given index is worth the cost.

These officials managed represented the interests of the fisc, which collected taxes in gold, and the Imperial properties.

These properties may all be imparted to matter with which it interacts.

These properties of high-frequency EMR are due to quantum effects which cause permanent damage to materials and tissues at the single molecular level.

These properties however can become important when circuitry is subjected to transients, such as when first energised.