These metals found little practical use until the introduction of crucible steel around 300 BC.

These metals were also used to strengthen each other, for more practical purposes.

These electronegative elements are strongly associated with metal-bearing minerals, where they have formed water-insoluble compounds with the metals in the ores.

These metals can form useful silicides when deposited onto silicon.

These compounds can be reduced using either calcium or lithium metals in the following reactions:

These metals are used in applications where corrosion resistance is important.

These other metals and their alloys can be cold-worked, or melted in simple pottery kilns and cast in molds ; but smelted iron requires hot-working and can be melted only in specially designed furnaces.

These are all modern, and there was no noticeable exploitation of metals or minerals prior to the modern era.

These range from biomaterials, to ceramics, to metals, to textile reinforced materials.

These metals are therefore relatively volatile, and are avoided in ultra-high vacuum systems.

These new military applications coincided with a population explosion throughout Europe in the 11th-14th centuries which increased the demand for precious metals in order to fill a currency shortage.

These heavy elements are termed metals by astronomers and the portion of heavy elements is the metallicity.

These tombs, which date to the Early Dynastic IIIa period ( approximately in the 25th or 24th century BC ), contained immense amounts of luxury items made out of precious metals, and semi-precious stones all of which would have had to been imported from long distances ( Iran, Afghanistan, India, Asia Minor, the Persian Gulf ).

These processes use a welding power supply to create and maintain an electric arc between an electrode and the base material to melt metals at the welding point.

These include fluctuating configurations of defects in metals, fluctuating occupancies of traps in semiconductors, and fluctuating domain structures in magnetic materials.

These orbitals are known as Landau levels, and at weak magnetic fields, their existence gives rise to many interesting " quantum oscillations " such as the Shubnikov – de Haas oscillations and the de Haas – van Alphen effect ( which is often used to map the Fermi surface of metals ).

These include iron, nickel, cobalt, some alloys of rare earth metals, and some naturally occurring minerals such as lodestone.

These include iron ore ( magnetite or lodestone ), cobalt and nickel, as well as the rare earth metals gadolinium and dysprosium ( when at a very low temperature ).

These organic acids are much less reactive with metals than are strong mineral acids like hydrochloric acid ( HCl ) or mixtures of HCl and hydrofluoric acid ( HF ).

These stars converted the pristine hydrogen, helium, and lithium formed by the Big Bang into heavier elements, such as carbon, oxygen, and metals.

These elements have also been referred to as earth metals and as triels.

These metals are all quite malleable, and humans ' initial development of hammering techniques was undoubtedly applied to these metals.

These include such metals as zinc, magnesium, and cadmium.

These lectures formed the nucleus of a general survey of English development which took form afterward as A History Of England.

These principles, however, will not be served by violence in any form.

These conceptions and the manner in which they were transposed into poetry or engendered by poetic form are intrinsic to western life from the time of Aeschylus to that of Shakespeare.

These two pieces of information for each dictionary form that is matched by a text form constitute the table of dictionary usage.

These two recollections form the frame around a series of experiences and sights which, to me at least, symbolize the extremes in the aesthetic as well as ethical conflict between materialism and humanism.

These theoretical relationships are more clearly illustrated in Fig. 7 and their sum can be seen to correlate in form with practical measurements made with the Hesiometer as illustrated in the first portion of Fig. 5 for the cutting mechanism.

These oils develop hard, smooth films when they dry and form resinlike substances.

These time scales are denoted in the form UTC ( NPL ) in the UTC form, where NPL in this case identifies the National Physical Laboratory, UK.

These protists live as individual amoebae until starved, at which point they aggregate and form a multicellular fruiting body in which some cells sacrifice themselves to promote the survival of other cells in the fruiting body.

These free-standing statues were usually marble, but also the form rendered in limestone, bronze, ivory and terracotta.

These form thirteen established families ( plus perhaps Shompen, which is poorly attested, as a fourteenth ), which have traditionally been grouped into two, as Mon – Khmer and Munda.

These are long, cylindrical, limbless animals with a snake or worm-like form.

These provinces may take the form of national churches ( such as in Canada, Uganda, or Japan ) or a collection of nations ( such as the West Indies, Central Africa, or Southeast Asia ).

These holes collectively make up what is known as the selenizone which form as the shell grows.

Galileo announced his discovery that Venus had phases like the Moon in the form " Haec immatura a me iam frustra leguntur-oy " ( Latin: These immature ones have already been read in vain by me-oy ), that is, when rearranged, " Cynthiae figuras aemulatur Mater Amorum " ( Latin: The Mother of Loves Venus imitates the figures of Cynthia the moon ).

These early human cultures later interpreted these spirits to be present in animals, the living plant world, and even in natural objects in a form of animism.

These experiments also led to a number of patents: for example, he invented a new form of laminated bent-plywood furniture in 1932.

These illuminations were applied to other works besides the Quran, and it became a respected art form in and of itself.

These early Japanese lamellar armours took the form of a sleeveless jacket and a helmet.

These points form a line, and y = x is said to be the equation for this line.

These form the following five taxonomic groups:

These guitars are most commonly used by swing and jazz players and often incorporate electronics in the form of a pickup.

These realities form a " composite faithfulness " and are ( i ) " perseverance in the apostolic doctrine "; ( ii ) " the will to proclaim God's word "; ( iii ) " communion in the fundamental continuity of the Church, the Body of Christ, the faithful celebration of Baptism and the Eucharist "; ( iv ) " succession in the laying on of hands, the sign of ministerial continuity ".