These scholars also maintain that Jesus was the only human ever elected and that individuals must be " in Christ " ( Eph 1: 3 – 4 ) through faith to be part of the elect.

These fragments typically feature lacunae or gaps that scholars fill with ' educated guesses ', including for example a " brilliant supplement " by Maurice Bowra in fr. 34, a hymn to the Dioscuri that includes a description of St Elmo's fire in the ship's rigging.

These scholars have claimed this element represents an Old English word amor, the name of a woodland bird.

These have sometimes been identified as another, separate work, the Ezra Memorial ( EM ), but other scholars believe the EM to be fictional and heavily altered by later editors.

These scholars have held that, if not for Confucianism's influence on these cultures, many of the people of the East Asia region would not have been able to modernize and industrialize as quickly as Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, and even China have done.

These theories were first applied in the 1920s by Chinese scholars such as Guo Moruo, and became orthodoxy in academic study after 1949.

These metrical inconsistencies ( along with a knowledge of comparative linguistics ) have led scholars to infer the presence of a lost digamma in the original Ionic text of the poem.

These scholars influenced methods of research and editing, due in part to the Islamic practice of isnad which emphasized fidelity to written record, checking sources, and skeptical inquiry.

" These difficulties have led many scholars to assume that Ezra arrived in the seventh year of the rule of Artaxerxes II, i. e. some 50 years after Nehemiah.

These scholars argue that the book does not attempt to claim that Qoheleth / Solomon wrote the book, but rather to use Qoheleth / Solomon as the main character in a book of wisdom literature.

These scholars date the epistle from the 80s CE up to the end of the 2nd century.

These influences have led some scholars to suggest that Islamic law may have laid the foundations for " the common law as an integrated whole ".

These scholars note parallels with a series of Morisco forgeries, the Sacromonte tablets of Granada, dating from the 1590s ; or otherwise with Morisco reworkings of Christian and Islamic traditions, produced following the expulsion of the Moriscos from Spain.

These scholars have suggested dates for Luke from 75 to 100.

These picshuas have been the topic of study by Wells scholars for many years, and recently a book was published on the subject.

These later scholars tested their claims and agreed to them, so that today, they are considered the most reliable collections of hadith.

These scholars understand the term to refer to schools of Buddhism that did not accept the teachings of the Mahayana Sutras as authentic teachings of the Buddha.

These terms have gained some currency among scholars, but have failed to spread into common usage.

These dreams are another factor which has lead some scholars to associate Imhotep with the Biblical figure of Joseph.

These manuscripts were brought back to the Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris and studied by French scholars Charles Defrémery and Beniamino Sanguinetti.

These have been expounded by commentaries of various Torah scholars during the ages.

These are generally regarded as anachronisms, and most scholars believe that they refer to Sarmatians or Scythians.

These guidelines are used by projects encoding historical documents, the works of particular scholars, periods, or genres, and so on.

These groups are collectively referred to by various scholars as the " Essenes.

These scholars point to statements about judicial review made in the Constitutional Convention and the state ratifying conventions, statements about judicial review in publications debating ratification, and court cases before Marbury that involved judicial review.

These anthropologists continue to concern themselves with the distinct ways people in different locales experience and understand their lives, but they often argue that one cannot understand these particular ways of life solely from a local perspective ; they instead combine a focus on the local with an effort to grasp larger political, economic, and cultural frameworks that impact local lived realities.

These opponents of central planning argue that the only way to determine what society actually wants is by allowing private enterprise to use their resources in competing to meet the needs of consumers, rather those taking resources away and allowing government to direct investment without responding to market signals.

These books, secular perennialists argue, are written by the world's finest thinkers, and cumulatively comprise the " Great Conversation " of mankind with regard to the central human questions.

These " post-environmental movement " thinkers argue that the ecological crises the human species faces in the 21st century are qualitatively different from the problems the environmental movement was created to address in the 1960s and 1970s.

These anti-feminists argue, for example, that social acceptance of divorce and non-married women is wrong and harmful, and that men and women are fundamentally different and thus their different traditional roles in society should be maintained.

These failures range from military services to roads, and some would argue, to health care.

These governments argue that the expulsion of Germans and related border changes were not enacted by the Polish or Czech governments, but rather were ordered by the Potsdam Conference.

These linguists argue that the concept of a Language Acquisition Device ( LAD ) is unsupported by evolutionary anthropology, which tends to show a gradual adaptation of the human brain and vocal cords to the use of language, rather than a sudden appearance of a complete set of binary parameters delineating the whole spectrum of possible grammars ever to have existed and ever to exist.

These activities led critics of the Sandinistas to argue that the CDS was a system of local spy networks for the government used to stifle political dissent, and it is true that the CDS did hold limited powers — such as the ability to suspend privileges such as driver licenses and passports — if locals refused to cooperate with the new government.

These theories argue against interventions imposed on the labour market from the outside, such as unionization, minimum wage laws, taxes, and other regulations that they claim discourage the hiring of workers.

These groups cite studies showing the psychological damage caused by working in the meat industry, especially in factory and industrialised settings, and argue that the meat industry violates its labourers ' human rights by assigning difficult and distressing tasks without adequate counselling, training and debriefing.

These critics admit his ability to evoke powerful and moving crowd scenes but argue that he lacked the ability to create memorable characters, in the manner of Honoré de Balzac or Charles Dickens and the ability to make his characters true to life.

These advocates argue that Internet interconnection should work like international telephone interconnection, with each party paying half of the cost.

These critics argue specifically that the moral relativists reduce the extent of their input in normative moral discussions to either rejecting the very having of the discussion, or else deeming both disagreeing parties to be correct.

These scholars regard apostasy as a serious crime, but argue for the freedom to convert to and from Islam without legal penalty, and consider the aforementioned Hadith quote as insufficient justification for capital punishment.

These laws argue that youth do not have the reasoning capabilities to fully understand their actions and should therefore be prohibited from these actions until a certain age, even if those prohibitions create a hindrance for adults as well.

These political scientists argue that the concept of ethnic war is misleading because it leads to an essentialist conclusion that certain groups are doomed to fight each other when in fact the wars between them are the result of political decisions.

These researchers argue that the combinatorial nature of transcriptional regulation allows a rich substrate for morphological diversity, since variations in the level, pattern, or timing of gene expression may provide more variation for natural selection to act upon than changes in the gene product alone.

These biographies of early church leaders, mostly written in the 11th century, may for propaganda purposes have invented, exaggerated, or borrowed miracles, and altered days of death, but some argue that their authors had no reason to distort mundane facts such as the dates and places of meetings.

These models argue that cilia developed from pre-existing components of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton ( which has tubulin and dynein also used for other functions ) as an extension of the mitotic spindle apparatus.

These models argue that the cilium evolved from a symbiotic spirochete that attached to a primitive eukaryote or archaebacterium ( archaea ).

These authors argue that the medicalization of childbirth has marginalized midwife knowledge and changed the natural process of childbirth into a procedure dependent on specialized technologies and appropriated expertise.

These birds might have been a last remnant of the species, but some might argue that there had not been suitable prey for a population of Haast's Eagle to maintain itself for about five hundred years before that date, and 19th century Māori lore was adamant that the pouakai was a bird not seen in living memory.