The core argument of the book is that XP's practices are interdependent but that few practical organizations are willing / able to adopt all the practices ; therefore the entire process fails.

This argument fails in considering the imbalance in self-reported political allegiances by journalists themselves, that distort any market analogy as regards offer: (...) Indeed, in 1982, 85 percent of Columbia Graduate School of Journalism students identified themselves as liberal, versus 11 percent conservative " ( Lichter, Rothman, and Lichter 1986: 48 ), quoted in Sutter, 2001.

The plaintiff argues that it is negligent to give a child a loaded gun and that such negligence caused the injury, but this argument fails, for the injury did not result from the risk that made the conduct negligent.

In his autobiography, Darwin wrote that " The old argument of design in nature, as given by Paley, which formerly seemed to me so conclusive, fails, now that the law of natural selection has been discovered ".

Achilles fails in demonstrating the argument because the tortoise leads him into an infinite regression.

However, the argument fails to address natural evil, and it presupposes a libertarianist, incompatibilist view of free will.

McDowell strongly resists this argument: he does not deny that there is something psychologically in common between the subject who really sees the cat and the one that fails to do so.

Thus the argument from the non-instantiation of ( what Mackie terms ) " objective prescriptivity " for moral error theory fails.

However, this argument fails since, in 1826, Carleton wrote a letter to then Home Secretary Sir Robert Peel urging him against Catholic Emancipation ( Peel was already an outspoken opponent ), and offering to provide proof of the involvement of Daniel O ' Connell in agrarian crimes, while also vilifying the Catholic clergy and Roman Catholic schoolteachers.

When the expected value of the stopping time is finite ( which is true in practice ), the following argument explains why the betting system fails: Since expectation is linear, the expected value of a series of bets is just the sum of the expected value of each bet.

In two and more dimensions, this argument fails, as the function

Critics maintain that Kane fails to overcome the greatest challenge to such an endeavor: " the argument from luck ".

Alternatively, a skeptic might concede that the bridge is a good consequence but contend that even on consequentialist grounds the argument fails.

This argument fails, however, when the symmetry is gauged, because then the symmetry generator is only performing a gauge transformation.

The Penrose / Lucas argument about the implications of Gödel's incompleteness theorem for computational theories of human intelligence has been widely criticized by mathematicians, computer scientists and philosophers, and the consensus among experts in these fields seems to be that the argument fails, though different authors may choose different aspects of the argument to attack.

Nonetheless, there is often a preferred order ; in Latin, SOV is the most frequent outside of poetry, and in Finnish SVO is both the most frequent and obligatory when case marking fails to disambiguate argument roles.

" He noted how " The old argument of design in nature, as given by Paley, which formerly seemed to me so conclusive, fails, now that the law of natural selection has been discovered ", and how Paley's teleological argument had difficulties with the problem of evil.

: " The old argument of design in nature, as given by Paley, which formerly seemed to me so conclusive, fails, now that the law of natural selection had been discovered.

This begs the question and the open-question argument thus fails.

Muhammad Iqbal also rejects the argument stating, “ Logically speaking, then, the movement from the finite to the infinite as embodied in the cosmological argument is quite illegitimate ; and the argument fails in total .” For Iqbal the concept of the first uncaused cause is absurd, he continues: " It is, however, obvious that a finite effect can give only a finite cause, or at most an infinite series of such causes.

He was also pleased with the wide distribution because he thought it proved again his argument that Dallas investment men can do just as good a job as the big New York investment bankers claim only they can do.

This must be stressed because it is absolutely essential to the argument of this concluding chapter.

But this argument cannot be pushed very far because the Communist system makes up for any shortcomings of its leaders in respect to corrosion.

One argument given in favor of using the axiom of choice is that it is convenient to use it because it allows one to prove some simplifying propositions that otherwise could not be proved.

A related argument is from conscience ; John Henry Newman argued that the conscience supports the claim that objective moral truths exist because it drives people to act morally even when it is not in their own interest.

The argument is that Germany must develop self-sufficiency in food supplies because it might again prove impossible to deal a swift knockout to her enemies and a protracted total war might prove unavoidable.

Another way of putting the argument is to say computational computer programs can pass the Turing test for processing the syntax of a language, but that semantics cannot be reduced to syntax in the way Strong AI advocates hoped: processing semantics is conscious and intentional because we use semantics to consciously produce meaning by what we say.

They regard a " crime malum in se " as inherently criminal ; whereas a " crime malum prohibitum " ( the argument goes ) counts as criminal only because the law has decreed it so.

Although it was originally presented in reaction to the statements of artificial intelligence researchers, it is not an argument against the goals of AI research, because it does not limit the amount of intelligence a machine can display.

Several replies argue that Searle's argument is irrelevant because his assumptions about the mind and consciousness are faulty.

" This form of the argument is far more difficult to separate from a purely first cause argument than is the example of the house's maintenance above, because here the First Cause is insufficient without the candle's or vessel's continued existence.

However, most real numbers are not definable: the set of all definable numbers is countably infinite ( because the set of all logical formulas is ) while the set of real numbers is uncountably infinite ( see Cantor's diagonal argument ).

The above definition implies this one: the upper bound of the empty subset is any existing element of A, because A is nonempty ; furthermore, as provable with an induction argument over the size of nonempty finite subsets, the upper bound of a finite subset may be obtained by finding upper bounds of pairs iteratively.

Part of the reason that Hayek stressed the knowledge problem was also because he was mainly concerned with debating the proposal for Market Socialism and the Lange Model by Oskar R. Lange ( 1938 ) and Hayek's student Abba Lerner ( 1934, 1937, 1938 ), which was developed in response to the calculation argument.

Some scholars believe that, because the only evidence for the " courts of love " is Andreas Capellanus ’ s book The Art of Courtly Love, they probably never existed ; to further strengthen their argument, they say that there is also no evidence that Marie ever stayed with her mother in Poitiers, beyond her name being mentioned in Andreas ’ s work.

A claim or defense may be frivolous because it had no underlying justification in fact, or because it was not presented with an argument for a reasonable extension or reinterpretation of the law.

( This argument would imply that at least real additions are required, although this is not a tight bound because extra additions are required as part of complex-number multiplications.

The argument went on to note that profit-maximization was not accomplished, in part, because of the lack of complete information.

" Shaw's argument was that even if wealth was initially distributed equally, the degree of laissez-faire advocated by Tucker would result in the distribution of wealth becoming unequal because it would permit private appropriation and accumulation.

Adams made the argument because the U. S. had prohibited the international slave trade, although it allowed internal slavery.

Diplock courts were created in the 1970s during The Troubles, in order to phase out Operation Demetrius internments and because of the argument that juries were intimidated, although this is disputed.

The fundamental importance, in Roman Catholic theology, of the sacrament of water baptism gives rise to the argument that, because original sin excludes from the beatific vision enjoyed by the souls in heaven, those who have not been freed from it either by the sacrament or by baptism of desire or baptism of blood are not eligible for entry into heaven.

Moore's argument in Principia Ethica is ( among other things ) a defense of ethical non-naturalism ; he argues that the term " good " ( in the sense of intrinsic value ) is indefinable, because it names a simple, non-natural property.