Presupposed in Plato's system is a doctrine of levels of insight, in which a certain kind of detached understanding is alone capable of penetrating to the most sublime wisdom.

He terms this early enthusiasm `` Romantic Christianity '' and concludes that its similarity to democratic beliefs of that day is so great that `` the doctrine of liberty seems but a secular version of its counterpart in evangelical Protestantism ''.

There is, of course, the doctrine of original sin, which asserts that each of us as individuals partakes of the guilt of our first ancestor.

In the rhyming catechism this doctrine is worded thus: `` In Adam's fall We sin-ned all ''.

and the doctrine of original sin is compounded of injustice.

But the most fundamental objection he has to poets appears in the Tenth Book, and it is derived from his doctrine of ideal forms.

Although we have no measures of its strength or intensity, the heritage of the doctrine of inalienable rights is retained.

The country is committed to the doctrine of security by military means.

It would challenge sharply not the cult of the motor car itself but some of its ancillary beliefs and practices -- for instance, the doctrine that the fulfillment of life consists in proceeding from hither to yon, not for any advantage to be gained by arrival but merely to avoid the cardinal sin of stasis, or, as it is generally termed, staying put.

In fact, a cash purchase of a corporation's stock followed by liquidation might also be an effective way to transfer a claim for refund if the Kimbell-Diamond doctrine is not applied to eliminate the intermediate step.

In mentioning this under `` salvation reconsidered '' I do not mean to imply that Roman Catholic doctrine has changed in this area but rather that it has become clearer to the world community what that doctrine is.

It is important for an understanding of Zen to realize that the esoteric preoccupations of the select few cannot be the doctrine of the common man.

In coining the word Altruism, as stated above, Comte was probably opposing this Thomistic doctrine, which is present in some theological schools within Catholicism.

He is well known for having given a series of lectures in which he championed a pure form of Christian doctrine and chastised his audience about their laxity.

Paneloux may argue that the plague is a punishment for sin, but how does he reconcile that doctrine with the death of a child?

The Roman Catholic celebration is associated with the doctrine that the souls of the faithful who at death have not been cleansed from the temporal punishment due to venial sins and from attachment to mortal sins cannot immediately attain the beatific vision in heaven, and that they may be helped to do so by prayer and by the sacrifice of the Mass.

This is similar to the Harrowing of Hell doctrine of some mainstream Christian faiths.

Arianism is defined as those teachings attributed to Arius which are in opposition to mainstream Trinitarian Christological doctrine, as determined by the first two Ecumenical Councils and currently maintained by the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Churches, the Oriental Orthodox Churches, and most Reformation Protestant Churches.

Steven Harper states " Wesley does not place the substitionary element primarily within a legal framework ... Rather doctrine seeks to bring into proper relationship the ' justice ' between God's love for persons and God's hatred of sin ... it is not the satisfaction of a legal demand for justice so much as it is an act of mediated reconciliation.

The doctrine of open theism states that God is omnipresent, omnipotent, and omniscient, but differs on the nature of the future.

The extreme of Calvinism is hyper-Calvinism, which insists that signs of election must be sought before evangelization of the unregenerate takes place and that the eternally damned have no obligation to repent and believe, and on the extreme of Arminianism is Pelagianism, which rejects the doctrine of original sin on grounds of moral accountability ; but the overwhelming majority of Protestant, evangelical pastors and theologians hold to one of these two systems or somewhere in between.

The progress of casuistry was interrupted toward the middle of the 17th century by the controversy which arose concerning the doctrine of probabilism, which stipulated that one could choose to follow a " probable opinion ", that is, supported by a theologian or another, even if it contradicted a more probable opinion or a quotation from one of the Fathers of the Church.

The doctrine of the divine right of kings was introduced as late as the 17th century, proposing that kings rule by divine decree ; Japanese Emperors ruled by divine mandate until the inception of the Japanese constitution after World War II

By the end of the Roman Empire, having undergone Christian attack and repression, Epicureanism had all but died out, and would be resurrected in the 17th century by the atomist Pierre Gassendi, who adapted it to the Christian doctrine.

In the 17th century the atomist Pierre Gassendi, adapted Epicureanism to the Christian doctrine.

By the end of the Roman Empire, having undergone Christian attack and repression, Epicureanism had all but died out, and would be resurrected in the 17th century by the atomist Pierre Gassendi, who adapted it to the Christian doctrine.

Prussian doctrine was published as Regulations for the Instruction of the Troops in Field Service and the Exercises of the larger Units of the 17th June, 1870.

Thus the ambiguous doctrine of an " irresistible grace ", which led to important debates first during the 5th century, opposing Pelagianism to Augustinism ( see following section ) and then again during the 16th and 17th century, explaining in particular the creation of the Congregatio de Auxiliis as the Jesuits denied the existence of an " efficacious grace ," while the Dominican Order, Augustinists and Thomists asserted its trueness.

The Particular Baptists arose in England in the 17th century and took their name from the doctrine of particular redemption, while the term " strict " refers to the practice of closed communion.

The doctrine became particularly popular at the start of the 17th century, as it could be used to support almost any position or council any advice.

Justifying this view with the then-current doctrine of signatures, herbalist William Coles ( 1626 – 1662 ) wrote in the 17th century that

Not only was the " celestial flesh " doctrine a point of controversy between Mennonites and Protestants in the 16th and early 17th century, it was also a source of controversy between Anabaptist groups.

This work had already become known to English Catholics in middle 17th century, later ascetic and Benedictine mystic, Augustine Baker ( 1575 – 1641 ), wrote an exposition on its doctrine.

The term politiolatry was used to describe reason of state doctrine in the 17th century with similar intent.

17th century ), rendered into English by Wallace, conveying the importance of internalizing and integrating the doctrine by extending the metaphor, states:

Since the early years of the 17th century, the Scottish Church had been established on the same Episcopalian basis as its English cousin, but was far more puritan, both in doctrine and practice.

With the second half of the 17th century came a further development in the doctrine of predestination — the doctrine of " Quietism.

From the 17th century until the matter was resolved in a synod convened by Emperor Yohannes II, the Ichege and the monks of Debre Libanos were the most important supporters of the Sost Lidet doctrine, in opposition to the House of Ewostatewos.

Aristotle's doctrine received a more or less intelligent expansion and illustration from the ancient commentators and the schoolmen, and in the still later period of transition from the age of scholasticism to the more modern philosophy, prolonged in the works of some writers far into the 17th century.

Despite these disputes and occasional official rulings, Catholic doctrine was not entirely settled on the subject of suicide until the later 17th century.

The intervening 7th century was a period of genuine syncretism during which Christian symbolism and doctrine gradually grew in influence.

Hierocles, writing in the 5th century, states that Ammonius ' fundamental doctrine was that Plato and Aristotle were in full agreement with each other:

The doctrine was formulated in the second century in the first of the three senses given by Ramsey, originally as a response to Gnostic claims of having received secret teaching from Christ or the apostles ; it emphasised the public manner in which the apostles had passed on authentic teaching to those whom they entrusted with the care of the churches they founded and that these in turn had passed it on to their successors.

Adoptionism was declared heresy at the end of the 2nd century and was rejected by the First Council of Nicaea, which defined the orthodox doctrine of the Trinity and identified the man Jesus with the eternally begotten Son or Word of God.

He may have had in mind the Apocryphon of Ezekiel, a 1st century BCE text that expands on the doctrine of resurrection.

During the 19th century the Liberal Party was broadly in favour of what would today be called classical liberalism: supporting laissez-faire economic policies such as free trade and minimal government interference in the economy ( this doctrine was usually termed ' Gladstonian Liberalism ' after the Victorian era Liberal Prime Minister William Ewart Gladstone ).

* Shock and Awe, the 21st century American military doctrine

* The atonement: The majority Christian interpretation of the Anselmian-Calvinist doctrine of the atonement as penal substitution has been criticized in mainstream Christianity since the 19th century, resulting in increasing rejection of traditional penal substitution.

“ This doctrine is rooted in Aristotle's conception of the soul, and has antecedents in Hobbes's conception of the mind as a ‘ calculating machine ’, but it has become fully articulated ( and popularly endorsed ) only in the last third of the 20th century .” In so far as it mediates stimulus and response, a mental function is analogous to a program that processes input / output in automata theory.

Even among the 19th century American individualists, there was not a monolithic doctrine, as they disagreed amongst each other on various issues including intellectual property rights and possession versus property in land.

By the end of the 15th century was widely professed and taught in many theological faculties, but such was the influence of the Dominicans, and the weight of the arguments of Thomas Aquinas ( who had been canonised in 1323 and declared " Doctor Angelicus " of the Church in 1567 ) that the Council of Trent ( 1545 – 63 )— which might have been expected to affirm the doctrine — instead declined to take a position.

Jain doctrine teaches that Jainism has always existed and will always exist, although historians date the foundation of the organized or present form of Jainism to sometime between the 9th and the 6th century BCE.

Fundamentalists initially broke from the LDS Church after that doctrine was discontinued around the beginning of the 20th century.

It is there that they influenced in practice and doctrine a later American Revival called " the Pentecostal Azusa Street Revival " near the beginning of the 20th century.

The Nihilist movement in 19th century Russia espoused a similar doctrine.

In his Comment on the Gospel of Matthew, which stems from a 6th century Latin translation, it is written: " In this place Jesus said Elijah was come and referred to John the Baptist it does not appear to me that by Elijah the soul is spoken of, lest I fall into the doctrine of transmigration, which is foreign to the Church of God, and not handed down by the apostles, nor anywhere set forth in the scriptures " ( ibid., 13: 1: 46 – 53 ).

John Calvin, among other theologians of the 16th century, comfortable with the definition of God as being omniscient in the total sense, in order for worthy beings ' abilities to choose freely, embraced the doctrine of predestination.

Aside from elementary work by Girolamo Cardano in the 16th century, the doctrine of probabilities dates to the correspondence of Pierre de Fermat and Blaise Pascal ( 1654 ).

A leading scholar of the Kabbalah, Moshe Idel ( Hasidism: Between Ecstasy and Magic, SUNY, 1995, pp. 17 – 18 ), ascribes this doctrine to the kabbalistic system of Rabbi Moses Cordovero ( 1522 – 1570 ) and in the eighteenth century, Rabbi Israel ben Eliezer, the Baal Shem Tov, founder of the Hasidic movement, as well as his contemporary, Rabbi Menahem Mendel, the Maggid of Bar.

The fact that Saint Justin taught Christian doctrine in Rome during the pontificate of St Pius I and that the heretics Valentinus, Cerdon, and Marcion visited Rome at the same time, is an argument for the primacy of the Roman See during the 2nd century.