As masonry was persecuted in other catholic states, the moral and egalitarian nature of the French lodges accorded with the spirit of the age.

Certain aspects and streams within the German Peasants ' War in Germany of the 16th century, particularly Thomas Müntzer and the so called Zwickau prophets had a strong social egalitarian spirit.

Upon his death the Chief Minister of the ACT, Rosemary Follett, described Hollows to her parliamentary colleagues as " an egalitarian and a self-named anarcho-syndicalist who wanted to see an end to the economic disparity which exists between the First and Third Worlds and who believed in no power higher than the best expressions of the human spirit found in personal and social relationships.

Its egalitarian theme is consistent with the non-denominational and generally democratic spirit of Union's founding.

By court decree on 30 November 1969, Queen Juliana decided to reorganise the Order to bring it more in line with the ever more egalitarian spirit of the Dutch society.

The main distinction of the egalitarian view is that decisions about managing family responsibilities are made by mutual submission and cooperation, not on the basis of tradition ( e. g., " man's work " or " woman's " work ), nor any other irrelevant or irrational basis.

The common view in the party is a critical attitude towards the state and to conservative and egalitarian social policies.

Left-libertarianism, as defended by contemporary theorists such as Peter Vallentyne, Hillel Steiner, and Michael Otsuka, is a doctrine that has a strong commitment to personal liberty and has an egalitarian view concerning natural resources, believing that it is illegitimate for anyone to claim private ownership of resources to the detriment of others.

Jazz, on the other hand, is often characterized as the product of egalitarian creativity, interaction and collaboration, placing equal value on the contributions of composer ( if there is one ) and performer, ' adroitly weigh the respective claims of the composer and the improviser '.

W. E. Nunnally states that the John passage is considered authentic and that Josephus ' emphasis on the egalitarian nature of John's teachings fit well into the biblical and historical traditions.

The main distinction is between theories that argue the basis of just deserts is held equally by everyone, and therefore derive egalitarian accounts of distributive justice — and theories that argue the basis of just deserts is unequally distributed on the basis of, for instance, hard work, and therefore derive accounts of distributive justice by which some should have more than others.

In his book The Power of Denial: Buddhism, Purity, and Gender, professor Bernard Faure of Columbia University argued generally that " Buddhism is paradoxically neither as sexist nor as egalitarian as is usually thought.

In many novels, there is a contrast between the technology-rich egalitarian democratic socialism of Beta Colony and the heroic, militaristic, hierarchical society of Barrayar, where personal relationships must ensure societal continuity.

It has been suggested that, while in many countries overt and explicit racism has become increasingly taboo, even in those who display egalitarian explicit attitudes, an implicit or aversive racism is still maintained subconsciously.

It is distinguished from other welfare states with similar goals by its emphasis on maximising labour force participation, promoting gender equality, egalitarian and extensive benefit levels, large magnitude of redistribution, and liberal use of expansionary fiscal policy.

The Finnish education system is a comparatively egalitarian Nordic system.

While the public sphere is generally an integral component of social interpretations of the Enlightenment, numerous historians have brought into question whether the public sphere was bourgeois, oppositional to the state, independent from the state, or egalitarian.

These are often grouped in a greater " utopian socialist " movement, due to their shared characteristics: an egalitarian distribution of goods, frequently with the total abolition of money, and citizens only doing work which they enjoy and which is for the common good, leaving them with ample time for the cultivation of the arts and sciences.

To be sure, Rousseau praises the newly discovered " savage " tribes ( whom Rousseau does not consider in a " state of nature "), as living a life that is simpler and more egalitarian than that of the Europeans ; and he sometimes praises this " third stage " it in terms that could be confused with the romantic primitivism fashionable in his times.

Right-wing politics involves in varying degrees the rejection of egalitarian objectives of left-wing politics, claiming either that inequality is natural and inevitable or that it is beneficial to society.

The Culture is characterized by being a post-scarcity society ( meaning that its advanced technologies provide practically limitless material wealth and comforts for everyone for free, having all but abolished the concept of possessions ), by having overcome almost all physical constraints on life ( including disease and death ) and by being an almost totally egalitarian, stable society without the use of any form of force or compulsion, except where necessary to protect others.

He is noted for his egalitarian choreography, which gave equal emphasis to both male and female roles, at a time when European ballet emphasized the ballerina.

It has also been argued that even within the most egalitarian societies throughout history, some form of ranking based on social status and so forth takes place ; therefore, one may believe the existence of social classes is a natural feature of society.

" According to LeBow ( based on Schlegel's work ), in the Hopi, " ender roles ... are egalitarian .... either sex is inferior.

An egalitarian tradition also arose.

Christian egalitarian theologians also find it significant that the " two becoming one " concept, first cited in, was quoted by Jesus in his teachings on marriage.

American novelist James Fennimore Cooper's Last of the Mohicans and other novels reflect republican and egalitarian ideals present alike in Rousseau, Thomas Paine, and also in English Romantic primitivism.

Studies also show that married couples find the highest level of satisfaction in egalitarian relationships.

The laws of contract and obligation are also formed around this egalitarian Quranic requirement, prohibiting unequal exchanges or unfair advantage in trade.

At the peak of their political power the Sikhs under Maharaja Ranjit Singh controlled a large kingdom centered in Lahore which was also secular and egalitarian.

The college was founded to be a centre of academic excellence which, unlike many other colleges at Oxford, would also be based on a strong egalitarian and democratic ethos.

Hidalgo was also egalitarian.

He was also widely regarded as a tyrant and usurper by both Shia Arabs and Persians, who despite being ruled by Sunni Arabs and their vassals for centuries, ultimately found the egalitarian Shia creed more palatable than the oppressive, Arab-supremacist tribal rule of Muawiyah.

Hunter-gatherer societies also tend to have relatively non-hierarchical, egalitarian social structures.

Some members of the Confederation Congress opposed the establishment of a peacetime army, and also opposed the establishment of a military academy ( one of Knox's key proposals ) on the basis that it would establish an egalitarian military class capable of dominating society.

Peasant revolts, such as those led by Wat Tyler and Jack Straw invoked a visionary idea that was also egalitarian.

The twentieth century archeologist Marija Gimbutas ( see below ) also argued for a triple goddess-worshipping European neolithic modified and eventually overwhelmed by waves of partiarchal invaders although she saw this neolithic civilization as egalitarian and " matristic " rather than " matriarchal " in the sense of gynocratic.

He also sought to promote “ red culture ,” and mandated the revival of Mao-era slogans and songs, evoking a time of an egalitarian society.

" Graeber argues that those two factors almost never meet: " Where egalitarian societies exist, it is also usually considered wrong to impose systematic coercion.

Their society is based on trade and considered egalitarian and decentralized, and in Venezuela funding from petrodollars have helped fund community projects, and ecotourism opportunities are also being developed.

In the hands of Scottish religious leader George Combe ( 1788 – 1858 ) ( whose book The Constitution of Man was one of the best-sellers of the century ), phrenology became strongly associated with political reform movements and egalitarian principles ( see, e. g., Shapin, 1975 ; but also see van Wyhe, 2004 ).

They also rejected the secular authorities, citing Christ's injunction forbidding oaths and preached an egalitarian approach to Christianity which did not recognise distinctions of gender.

This debate has important consequences for social policy, particularly on whether poverty can be eliminated simply by raising total wealth or whether egalitarian measures are also needed.

However, Wiegraf only believes in attacking the nobility to implement his egalitarian ideals, and opposes attacking them for profit ; in Chapter 1, when he learns that his deputy-captain, Gustav, has kidnapped Marquis Elmdore for ransom, he personally tracks down and kills Gustav in order to rescue the Marquis ; Wiegraf is also aware that Gustav was convinced by Lord Dycedarg Beoulve to do so.

He is also regarded as an egalitarian and the first caste Hindu lawyer to admit a Dalit, N. Sivaraj as his junior.

The term in this sense can also be seen as referring more broadly to political philosophies in the liberal tradition which embrace egalitarian views concerning natural resources, holding that it is not legitimate for someone to claim private ownership of such resources to the detriment of others.

This is a common egalitarian sentiment in Scottish national identity, also evident in the popularity of the Robert Burns song A Man's A Man for A ' That.