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hypothesis and will
that some hypothesis test will produce a false positive by chance.
In this case, if a proof uses this statement, researchers will often look for a new proof that doesn't require the hypothesis ( in the same way that it is desirable that statements in Euclidean geometry be proved using only the axioms of neutral geometry, i. e. no parallel postulate.
A 2005 study presented data supporting the nutrition hypothesis, which predicts that gains will occur predominantly at the low end of the IQ distribution, where nutritional deprivation is probably most severe.
: It is my hypothesis that the fundamental source of conflict in this new world will not be primarily ideological or primarily economic.
The thinking behind the hypothesis is that discrimination imposes a cost on the employer, and thus a profit-driven employer will avoid racist hiring policies.
Of those gathered the most noted study refuting racial profiling was the conducted using the veil of darkness hypothesis stating that it will be difficult, if not impossible, for officers to discern race in the twilight hours.
It is clear that a 0 % tax rate raises no revenue, but the Laffer curve hypothesis is that a 100 % tax rate will also generate no revenue because at such a rate there is no longer any incentive for a rational taxpayer to earn any income, thus the revenue raised will be 100 % of nothing.
" as a consequence of the fact that a hypothesis with fewer adjustable parameters will automatically have an enhanced posterior probability, due to the fact that the predictions it makes are sharp ..."
On the other hand, if the second person accepts the hypothesis that " All non-black objects are non-ravens ", then the approximately 50 non-black objects about which it was uncertain whether each was a raven, will be thought to be non-ravens.
This hypothesis will be supported if positive relationship between market concentration ( measured by concentration ratio ) and performance ( measured by profits ) exist, regardless of efficiency of the firm ( measured by market share ).
The balancing hypothesis, often associated with Theodosius Dobzhansky, states that heterozygosity will be common at loci, and that it frequently reflects either directional selection or balancing selection.
The hypothesis for this experiment was that attentional biases will be more prevalent for eating weight and shape in patients who suffered from an eating disorder than in the control groups.
An example might be the hypothesis that " if I release this ball, it will fall to the floor ": this suggestion can then be tested by carrying out the experiment of letting go of the ball, and observing the results.
Formally, a hypothesis is compared against its opposite or null hypothesis (" if I release this ball, it will not fall to the floor ").
Severely contradicting descriptions of ball lightning makes it impossible even to create a plausible hypothesis that will take into account described behavior.
According to Craig A. Evans " The Cynic hypothesis will in time assuredly be consigned to the dustbin of ill-conceived hypotheses, but it will be useful nonetheless to appeal to it as our point of departure.
The Churchlands argue that our common-sense concept of belief is similar in that as we discover more about neuroscience and the brain, the inevitable conclusion will be to reject the belief hypothesis in its entirety.
The hypothesis implies that fund managers and stock analysts are constantly looking for securities that may out-perform the market ; and that this competition is so effective that any new information about the fortune of a company will rapidly be incorporated into stock prices.
Notwithstanding some famous recent assaults from major mathematicians of our day, many experts believe that the Riemann hypothesis will be included in problem lists for centuries yet.
An alternative ( but nevertheless related ) statistical hypothesis testing framework is the Neyman – Pearson frequentist school which requires both a null and an alternative hypothesis to be defined and investigates the repeat sampling properties of the procedure, i. e. the probability that a decision to reject the null hypothesis will be made when it is in fact true and should not have been rejected ( this is called a " false positive " or Type I error ) and the probability that a decision will be made to accept the null hypothesis when it is in fact false ( Type II error ).

hypothesis and account
Matt Cartmill presents another problem with the Gigantopithecus hypothesis: " The trouble with this account is that Gigantopithecus was not a hominin and maybe not even a crown-group hominoid ; yet the physical evidence implies that Bigfoot is an upright biped with buttocks and a long, stout, permanently adducted hallux.
In the 1950s, the endogenous production of psychoactive agents was considered to be a potential explanation for the hallucinatory symptoms of some psychiatric diseases as the transmethylation hypothesis ( see also adrenochrome ), though this hypothesis does not account for the natural presence of endogenous DMT in otherwise normal humans, rats and other laboratory animals.
The search began in the mid-19th century and culminated at the start of the 20th with Percival Lowell's quest for Planet X. Lowell proposed the Planet X hypothesis to explain apparent discrepancies in the orbits of the gas giants, particularly Uranus and Neptune, speculating that the gravity of a large unseen ninth planet could have perturbed Uranus enough to account for the irregularities.
The rudder hypothesis again, does not take into account females nor P. sternbergi, which had an upward-pointing, not backward-pointing crest.
According to this approach, it is not necessary to assign any value to the probability of a hypothesis, although one must certainly take into account the probability of the data given the hypothesis, or given a competing hypothesis, when deciding whether to accept or to reject.
One hypothesis to account for this behavior is that the migration mimics an intermediate host, which would be required for juveniles of an ancestral form to develop to the third stage.
It has been suggested that polyploidy or polyteny may account for this large cellular DNA content, but studies of DNA reassociation kinetics do not support this hypothesis.
The hypothesis of rational expectations addresses this criticism by assuming that individuals take all available information into account in forming expectations.
The original scriptures ( Torah as translated in the King James version Bible ) are complete and predate other referenced historical evidence by 1700 years and thus should be considered as such in the formulation of hypothesis based on other sources such as the Quran, theatrical compositions, poetry, and other dated story-telling, all of which can add to the richness and understanding of the account.
In 1956 Gimbutas introduced her Kurgan hypothesis, which combined archaeological study of the distinctive Kurgan burial mounds with linguistics to unravel some problems in the study of the Proto-Indo-European ( PIE ) speaking peoples, whom she dubbed the " Kurgans "; namely, to account for their origin and to trace their migrations into Europe.
The random walk hypothesis may be derived from the weak-form efficient markets hypothesis, which is based on the assumption that market participants take full account of any information contained in past price movements ( but not necessarily other public information ).
Other critics point out that ' her account is based on interviews rather than on direct observation ', but conclude that ' despite its shortcomings, Tennov's work may constitute a basis for informed hypothesis formulation '.
When Streeter's two additional sources, M and L, are taken into account, this hypothesis is sometimes referred to as the Four Document Hypothesis.
The hypothesis is a solution to what is known as the synoptic problem: the question of how best to account for the differences and similarities between the three synoptic gospels, Matthew, Mark and Luke.
* Biography from DJMcAdam. com, an account that just denies this hypothesis without giving a reason.
However, this hypothesis does not account for the feminine praenomina Prima, Secunda, Tertia, and Quarta, nor does it explain why Septimus, Octavius, and perhaps Nonus were rarely used.
American Economist Richard Easterlin developed a theory ( the Easterlin hypothesis ) to account for the Baby Boom.
Proponents of the Documentary hypothesis suggest that Genesis 1 was a litany from the Priestly source ( possibly from an early Jewish liturgy ) while Genesis 2 was assembled from older Jahwist material, holding that for both stories to be a single account, Adam would have named all the animals, and God would have created Eve from his rib as a suitable mate, all within a single 24 hour period.
He also uses this hypothesis to account for the specialization of primate hands, which he suggests became adapted for grasping prey, somewhat like the way raptors employ their talons.

hypothesis and for
Now omitting for a moment some recent developments we can say the Saxon Shore hypothesis of Lappenberg and Kemble has undergone virtual eclipse in this century.
While other conditions might be even more effective in bringing about a change from immobility to mobility in Kohnstamm reactivity, it is our hypothesis that all such conditions would have as a common factor the capacity to induce an attitude in the subject which enabled him to divorce himself temporarily from feelings of responsibility for his behavior.
In contrast to this voluntary-control explanation for nonreactivity given by the Kohnstamm-positive subjects, the Kohnstamm-negative subjects offered an involuntary-control hypothesis to explain nonreactivity.
At least this seemed to be the working hypothesis for `` Chicago And All That Jazz '', presented on NBC-TV Nov. 26.
F-test used for ANOVA hypothesis testing has assumptions and practical
While the Ural – Altaic hypothesis can still be found in encyclopedias, atlases, and similar general references, it has not had any adherents in the linguistics community for decades.
However, the idea that electrons might revolve around a compact nucleus with definite angular momentum was convincingly argued at least 19 years earlier by Niels Bohr, and the Japanese physicist Hantaro Nagaoka published an orbit-based hypothesis for electronic behavior as early as 1904.
Among his major accomplishments were the 1940 proof, of the Riemann hypothesis for zeta-functions of curves over finite fields, and his subsequent laying of proper foundations for algebraic geometry to support that result ( from 1942 to 1946, most intensively ).
In 2008, psychology professor Benny Shanon published a controversial hypothesis that a brew analogous to Ayahuasca was heavily connected to early Judaism, and that the effects of this brew were responsible for some of the most significant events of Moses ' life, including his vision of the burning bush.
One hypothesis for the cave fish's evolution says that because of its dark habitat, the fish embryo saves energy it would normally use to develop eyes to develop other body parts, and this developmental choice would eventually dominate the population.
The precise formation mechanism is not known for certain, but the most widely accepted hypothesis suggests that the edge of the Cathedral Formation reef became detached from the rest of the reef, slumping and being transported some distance — perhaps kilometers — away from the reef edge.
Charles Darwin proposed the theory of universal common descent through an evolutionary process in On the Origin of Species, twice stating the hypothesis that there was only one progenitor for all life forms and ending with " There is a grandeur in this view of life, with its several powers, having been originally breathed into a few forms or into one ".
The name of the hypothesis comes from the term the continuum for the real numbers.
Was the notion of " effective calculability " to be ( i ) an " axiom or axioms " in an axiomatic system, or ( ii ) merely a definition that " identified " two or more propositions, or ( iii ) an empirical hypothesis to be verified by observation of natural events, or ( iv ) or just a proposal for the sake of argument ( i. e. a " thesis ").
According to Needham, though there is no way of answering the question of whether the crossbow first arose among the cultures neighboring ancient China before the rise of Chinese culture in their midst, or whether it spread outwards from China to all the environing peoples, the former seems the more probable hypothesis given linguistic evidence, which posits that the Chinese word for ' crossbow ' came from an Austroasiatic language.
Donna Kooler identifies a possible problem with the tambour hypothesis: period tambour hooks that survive in modern collections cannot produce crochet because the integral wing nut necessary for tambour work interferes with attempts at crochet.
Another dualism, in Popperian in philosophy of science refers to " hypothesis " and " refutation " ( for example, experimental refutation ).
The consensus in the scientific community is that the Duesberg hypothesis has been refuted by a large and growing mass of evidence showing that HIV causes AIDS, that the amount of virus in the blood correlates with disease progression, that a plausible mechanism for HIV's action has been proposed, and that anti-HIV medication decreases mortality and opportunistic infection in people with AIDS.
This understanding has led to the notion that all the information needed for proteins to assume their native state was encoded in the primary structure of the protein, and hence in the DNA that codes for the protein, the so called " Anfinsen's thermodynamic hypothesis ".
The most widely discussed models for nonbaryonic dark matter are based on the Cold Dark Matter hypothesis, and the corresponding particle is most commonly assumed to be a weakly interacting massive particle ( WIMP ).
Evidence for the fire hypothesis is the sudden increase in widespread ash deposits at the time that people arrived in Australia, as well as land-management and hunting practices of modern Aboriginal people as recorded by the earliest European settlers before Aboriginal society was devastated by European contact and disease.

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