This is puzzling to an outsider conscious of the classic tradition of liberalism, because it is clear that these Democrats who are left-of-center are at opposite poles from the liberal Jefferson, who held that the best government was the least government.

but there is a leavening of liberalism among college graduates throughout the South, especially among those who studied in the North.

Whenever New England liberalism is reminded of the dramatic confrontation of Parker and the fraternity on January 23, 1843 -- while it may defend the privilege of Chandler Robbins to demand that Parker leave the Association, while it may plead that Dr. N. L. Frothingham had every warrant for stating, `` The difference between Trinitarians and Unitarians is a difference in Christianity ; ;

A secondary meaning for the term liberal conservatism that has developed in Europe is a combination of more modern conservative ( less traditionalist ) views with those of social liberalism.

Conservative liberalism is a variant of liberalism that combines liberal values and policies with conservative stances, or, more simply, the right wing of the liberal movement.

While the party advocates economic liberalism, it is committed to the social market economy.

Classical liberalism is a political ideology, a branch of liberalism which advocates individual liberties and limited government under the rule of law and emphasizes economic freedom.

Classical liberalism is critical of social liberalism and takes offense at group rights being pursued at the expense of individual rights.

The idea that liberalism comes in two forms assumes that the most fundamental question facing mankind is how much government intervenes into the economy ...

For a twentieth century thinker committed to the same ideal, government was an essential tool to the same end ... odern liberalism is instead the logical and sociological outcome of classical liberalism.

One argument is that liberalism provides democracy with the experience of civic reformism.

" Notwithstanding such criticisms, the book is still widely popular and is prominent among works advocating individualism and classical liberalism.

Gradualism is one of the defining features of political liberalism and reformism.

John Locke is often credited with the philosophical foundations of classical liberalism.

According to John N. Gray, the essence of liberalism is toleration of different beliefs and of different ideas as to what constitutes a good life.

Classical liberalism is a political ideology that developed in the 19th century in England, Western Europe, and the Americas.

The phrase classical liberalism is also sometimes used to refer to all forms of liberalism before the 20th century.

Not necessarily hostile to social liberalism, communitarianism rather has a different emphasis, shifting the focus of interest toward communities and societies and away from the individual.

Friedrich Hayek identified two different traditions within classical liberalism: the " British tradition " and the " French tradition ".

While libertarian socialism has roots in both socialism and liberalism, different forms have different levels of influence from the two traditions.

Among his friends were such different people as Wilhelm Röpke, who was to become one of the leading figures of economic liberalism, Ernst Lemmer, later a trade unionist and also a Christian Democrat, and Viktor Agartz, a Marxist.

# Democracy, which Sukarno believed has always been in the blood of Indonesians through the practice of consensus-seeking ( musyawarah untuk mufakat ), an Indonesian-style democracy different from Western-style liberalism

As both " conservatism " and " liberalism " have had different meanings over time and across countries, the term " liberal conservatism " has been used in quite different senses.

Within liberalism, there are various streams of thought which compete over the use of the term " liberal " and may propose very different policies, but they are generally united by their support for political liberalism, which encompasses: freedom of thought and speech, limitations on the power of governments, the rule of law, an individual's right to private property, and a transparent system of government.

Foucault cites the well-known texts of Adam Ferguson: Essay on the History of Civil Society ; from the 18th century to show how liberalism approached this problem from different angles and Adam Smith and his own infamous text The Wealth of Nations which complement one another with regards civil society.

World-systems analysis contends that capitalism as a historical system formed earlier, that countries do not " develop " in stages, but rather the system does, and these events have a different meaning as a phase in the development of historical capitalism ; namely the emergence of the three ideologies of the national developmental mythology ( the idea that countries can develop through stages if they pursue the right set of policies ): conservatism, liberalism, and radicalism.

Marxist scholars tend to broadly agree with the mainstream view, though they emphasise embedded liberalism as a compromise between class interests, rather than between different desirable but partially incompatible objectives.

Some historians argue that though racial liberalism helped to pave the way for civil rights movements in America, it failed to recognize that people from many different ethnic backgrounds were affected by racism in the United States.

Of particular note were Fathers Gerhard Schneemann, Theodor Granderath and Florian Reiss, who produced a number of important works: the " Collectio lacensis " (" Acta et decreta sacrorum conciliorum recentiorum ", 7 volumes, Freiburg, 1870 – 1890 ); the " Philosophia lacensis ", a collection of learned books on the different branches of philosophy ( logic, cosmology, psychology, theodicy, natural law ) and published at Freiburg, 1880 – 1900 ; and, perhaps best-known, the " Stimmen aus Maria-Laach " (" Voices from Maria Laach "), appearing from 1865, at first as individual pamphlets defending against liberalism within the Roman Catholic church, and from 1871 as a regular periodical.

" The first well-known version of anarcho-capitalism was formulated by Austrian School economist and libertarian Murray Rothbard in the mid-twentieth century, synthesizing elements from the Austrian School of economics, classical liberalism, and nineteenth century American individualist anarchists Lysander Spooner and Benjamin Tucker ( rejecting their labor theory of value and the normative implications they derived from it ).

This ranged from the conservative slant of Little Orphan Annie to the unabashed liberalism of Doonesbury.

The term classical liberalism was applied in retrospect to distinguish earlier 19th-century liberalism from the newer social liberalism.

" For classical liberalism, rights are of a negative nature — rights that require that other individuals ( and governments ) refrain from interfering with individual liberty, whereas social liberalism ( also called modern liberalism or welfare liberalism ) holds that individuals have a right to be provided with certain benefits or services by others.

Classical liberalism in Britain developed from Whiggery and radicalism, and represented a new political ideology.

Classical liberalism was the dominant political theory in Britain from the early 19th century until the First World War.

The ideas of classical liberalism remained essentially unchallenged until a series of depressions, thought to be impossible according to the tenets of classical economics, led to economic hardship from which the voters demanded relief.

Utilitarianism provided the political justification for implementation of economic liberalism by British governments, which was to dominate economic policy from the 1830s.

According to William J. Novak, however, liberalism in the United States shifted, " between 1877 and 1937 ... from laissez-faire constitutionalism to New Deal statism, from classical liberalism to democratic social-welfarism ".

He distinguishes an inter-war period in which it manifested itself in elite-led but populist " armed party " politics opposing socialism and liberalism and promising radical politics to rescue the nation from decadence.

Yet they have accepted most of the extant `` welfare state '' provisions for health, security, and the regulation of economic affairs, and they overwhelmingly approve of the traditional `` liberalism '' of the Bill of Rights.

A number of political ideologies have emerged in support of various types of capitalism, the most prominent being economic liberalism.

In the minds of most members of the Chilean elite, the bloodshed and chaos of the late 1820s were attributable to the shortcomings of liberalism and federalism, which had been dominant over conservatism for most of the period.

The new era brought in liberalism, the most outstanding was Eloy Alfaro, under his direction the government headed out to aid those in the rural sectors of the coast.

< p > The most interesting among the courageous dissenters of the 1980s were the classical liberals, disciples of F. A. Hayek, from whom they had learned about the crucial importance of economic freedom and about the often-ignored conceptual difference between liberalism and democracy .</ p >

Modern liberalism has its roots in the Age of Enlightenment and rejects many foundational assumptions that dominated most earlier theories of government, such as the Divine Right of Kings, hereditary status, and established religion.

... there was one man who not only united high ability with unparalleled opportunity but also knew how to turn budgets into political triumphs and who stands in history as the greatest English financier of economic liberalism, Gladstone ... The greatest feature of Gladstonian finance ... was that it expressed with ideal adequacy both the whole civilisation and the needs of the time, ex visu of the conditions of the country to which it was to apply ; or, to put it slightly differently, that it translated a social, political, and economic vision, which was comprehensive as well as historically correct, into the clauses of a set of co-ordinated fiscal measures ... Gladstonian finance was the finance of the system of ' natural liberty ,' laissez-faire, and free trade ... the most important thing was to remove fiscal obstructions to private activity.

Yet his liberalism was of the most cautious and moderate character, as the Opposition, shortly after his accession ( 8 March 1844 ), discovered to their great chagrin.

The VVD is a party founded on liberal philosophy, traditionally being the most ardent supporter of ' free markets ' of all Dutch political parties, promoting political, economic liberalism, classical liberalism, cultural liberalism, but also ( in contrast to this ) committed to the idea of the welfare state.

They were predominantly criollos ( local-born people of European ancestry, mostly Spanish or Portuguese ), bourgeois and influenced by liberalism and in most cases with military training in the mother country.

For example, in a feudal mode of production, religious ideology is the most prominent aspect of the superstructure, while in capitalist formations, ideologies such as liberalism and social democracy dominate.

" e owe it to the cause of universal civil liberty, we owe it to the struggling liberalism of the old world ,... that every man within York, of whatever race or color, or however poor, helpless, or lowly he may be, in virtue of his manhood, is entitled to the full employment of every right appertaining to the most exalted citizenship.

This tendency to create and strengthen class has resulted in some ( most famously David Harvey ) claiming that neoliberalism is a class project, designed to impose class on society through liberalism.

The three most popular theories are realism, liberalism and constructivism.

However, two positivist schools of thought are most prevalent: realism and liberalism ; though increasingly, constructivism is becoming mainstream.

Whereas realism deals mainly with security and material power, and liberalism looks primarily at economic interdependence and domestic-level factors, constructivism most concerns itself with the role of ideas in shaping the international system ( indeed it is possible there is some overlap between constructivism and realism or liberalism, but they remain separate schools of thought ).

During his leadership the party continued its gradual movement from nationalist traditionalist conservatism towards internationalist liberal conservatism, calling for Swedish membership in the EEC since the 1960s and in practice adopting most policies affiliated with classical liberalism.

The term liberalism is in Sweden and most of Europe not used in the way that it is currently used in the United States to denote modern liberals and progressives, but is closer to the traditional meaning of classical liberalism.