in alternate cycles from an experimental observation, through to a theoretical explanation

Science is a body of empirical, theoretical, and practical knowledge about the natural world, produced by researchers making use of scientific methods, which emphasize the observation, explanation, and prediction of real world phenomena by experiment.

Many theoretical search techniques for detecting Kaluza-Klein Resonances have been proposed using the mass couplings of such resonances with the top quark, however until the LHC reaches full operational power observation of such resonances are unlikely.

# With Carnap's classification, some unobservable terms are not even theoretical and belong to neither observation terms nor theoretical terms.

Some theoretical terms refer primarily to observation terms.

# Reports of observation terms frequently contain theoretical terms.

After criticizing the approaches of his predecessors, Ptolemy argued for basing musical intervals on mathematical ratios ( in contrast to the followers of Aristoxenus and in agreement with the followers of Pythagoras ) backed up by empirical observation ( in contrast to the overly theoretical approach of the Pythagoreans ).

In science, Occam's razor is used as a heuristic ( general guiding rule or an observation ) to guide scientists in the development of theoretical models rather than as an arbiter between published models.

More importantly, most scientific observation must be done within a theoretical context in order to be useful.

Scientific understanding derives from observation, but the acceptance of scientific statements is dependent on the related theoretical background or paradigm as well as on observation.

The Phillips curve started as an empirical observation in search of a theoretical explanation.

The motivation to these proposals is mainly theoretical, based on the following observation: The Planck energy is expected to play a fundamental role in a theory of quantum gravity, setting the scale at which quantum gravity effects cannot be neglected and new phenomena might become important.

The experimental observation of exotic phases in strongly correlated systems has triggered an enormous effort from the theoretical community to try to understand their microscopic origin.

By virtue of these interpretive connections, the network can function as a scientific theory: From certain observational data, we may ascend, via an interpretive string, to some point in the theoretical network, thence proceed, via definitions and hypotheses, to other points, from which another interpretive string permits a descent to the plane of observation.

Whether a term is theoretical or not is a semantic matter, because it involves the different ways in which the term gets its meaning ( from a theory or from an observation ).

Hewish made both practical and theoretical advances in the observation and exploitation of the apparent scintillations of radio sources due to their radiation impinging upon plasma.

The current IUCN classification is CR A3bc-meaning that the population is expected to decline in the next decade or so by 80 %, but based on theoretical considerations and the known habitat destruction rather than direct observation of the birds.

This is so because any falsifying observation is embedded in a theoretical background, which can be modified in order to save the hypothesis.

The first of the scriptural geologists, " Kidd argued in his book A Geological Essay on the Imperfect Evidences in Support of a Theory of the Earth, on philosophical grounds, that a science of observation cannot claim certainty for its inferences as to causes, and that consequently theoretical geology cannot stand against an indisputable authority such as revelation.

According to Duhem, an experiment in physics is not simply an observation, but rather an interpretation of observations by means of a theoretical framework.

This helped change the science of cosmology, the study of the history of the universe, from a field for unlimited theoretical speculation into a discipline of direct observation.

These experiments led to one of the most important discoveries ever made at CERN: the experimental observation of the weak neutral currents was announced in July 1973, shortly after their theoretical prediction.

The concept that matter is composed of discrete units and cannot be divided into arbitrarily tiny quantities has been around for millennia, but these ideas were founded in abstract, philosophical reasoning rather than experimentation and empirical observation.

They derive this concept from the observation that people seek richness, complexity, and depth within a virtual world.

In the Rig Veda, the belief ( or observation ) that a natural justice and harmony pervades the natural world becomes manifest in the concept of rta, which is both ' nature's way ' and the order implicit in nature.

During the tour Bowie's observation of two seminal American proto-punk artists led him to develop a concept that would eventually find form in the Ziggy Stardust character: a melding of the persona of Iggy Pop with the music of Lou Reed, producing " the ultimate pop idol ".

In this situation, the observation of the wheel's behavior provided information about the physical properties of the wheel rather than its " probability " in some abstract sense, a concept which is the basis of both the gambler's fallacy and its reversal.

Aristotle (, Aristotélēs ) ( 384 BCE – 322 BCE ), a student of Plato, promoted the concept that observation of physical phenomena could ultimately lead to the discovery of the natural laws governing them.

The concept of language families is based on the historical observation that languages develop dialects, which over time may diverge into distinct languages.

The concept of " mutual aerial observation " was initially proposed to Soviet Premier Nikolai Bulganin at the Geneva Conference of 1955 by President Dwight D. Eisenhower ; however, the Soviets promptly rejected the concept and it lay dormant for several years.

Early intervention in psychosis is a relatively new concept based on the observation that identifying and treating someone in the early stages of a psychosis can significantly improve their longer term outcome.

The sexual selection concept arises from the observation that many animals develop features whose function is not to help individuals survive, but help them to maximize their reproductive success.

Einstein abandoned the concept after the observation of the Hubble redshift indicated that the universe might not be stationary, as he had based his theory on the idea that the universe is unchanging.

Essential to Zola ’ s concept of the experimental novel was dispassionate observation of the world, with all that it involved by way of meticulous documentation.

The observation that otherwise unrelated bird groups may perform similar ecological roles and bear striking morphological similarities to one another is explained by the concept of convergent evolution.

However, the concept of energy in the first law does not account for the observation that natural processes have a preferred direction of progress.

The celestial line of position concept was discovered in 1837 by Thomas Hubbard Sumner when, after one observation he computed and plotted his longitude at more than one trial latitude in his vicinity – and noticed that the positions lay along a line.

Following an initial observation of Robert Solovay, Scott formulated the concept of Boolean-valued model, as Solovay and Petr Vopěnka did likewise at around the same time.

This led him to evolve the agroforestry concept of the " Forest Garden ": Based on the observation that the natural forest can be divided into distinct layers or ‘ storeys ’, he developed an existing small orchard of apples and pears into an edible landscape consisting of seven dimensions ;

It represented a shift in the thinking about observatories, from their being mere housing for telescopes and observers, to the modern concept of observation equipment integrated with laboratory space for physics and chemistry.

* Experiential learning: positioning the individual in the focus of the learning process, going through the four stages of experiential learning as formulated by David A. Kolb: 1. concrete experience 2. observation and reflection 3. forming abstract concept 4. testing in new situations.

Introspection is closely related to the philosophical concept of human self-reflection, and is contrasted with external observation.

Criteria that support the non-Christian origin of the letter include the observation that " king of the Jews " was not a Christian title, and that the letter's premise that Jesus lives on based on the wisdom of his teachings is in contrast to the Christian concept that Jesus continues to live through his resurrection.

Monen is a kabbalistic concept covering that branch of occultism which deals with the reading of the future by the computation of time and observation of planets and stars ( astrology ).< ref >

This concept of information is useful when comparing two methods of observation of some random process.