Abstraction requires selective use of this structural split of abilities in the psyche.

This type of material is not favored for solid masonry as it requires a great amount of mortar and can lack intrinsic structural strength.

There are two main perspectives on the origins and basis of nationalism, one is the primordialist perspective that describes nationalism as a reflection of the ancient and perceived evolutionary tendency of humans to organize into distinct grouping based on an affinity of birth ; the other is the modernist perspective that describes nationalism as a recent phenomenon that requires the structural conditions of modern society.

There are two major bodies of thought on the causes of nationalism, one is the modernist perspective that describes nationalism as a recent phenomenon that requires the structural conditions of modern society, in order to exist ; the other is the primordialist perspective that describes nationalism as a reflection of the ancient and perceived evolutionary tendency of humans to organize into distinct grouping based on an affinity of birth.

In general, single-crystal X-ray diffraction offers more structural information than these other techniques ; however, it requires a sufficiently large and regular crystal, which is not always available.

Aerobatic flying requires a broader set of piloting skills and exposes the aircraft to greater structural stress than for normal flight.

The great advantage of directed evolution is that it requires no prior structural knowledge of a protein, nor is it necessary to be able to predict what effect a given mutation will have.

An aircraft can most easily evade freezing rain by moving into warmer air — under most conditions, this requires aircraft to descend, which it can usually do safely and easily even with a moderate accumulation of structural ice.

In these cases increasing the landing weight requires either structural modifications or else re-testing the aircraft to demonstrate that the certification requirements are still met at the higher landing weight.

This requires new ways of communicating this structural information to the broader research community.

This body style has an open feel, but requires extra underbody strengthening for structural rigidity.

Holding infiltration to acceptable levels requires a higher standard of maintenance than necessary for structural integrity considerations of combined sewers.

During this stage new organelles are being synthesized, so the cell requires both structural proteins and enzymes, resulting in a great amount of protein synthesis and a high rate of metabolism in the cell.

The IOM system requires structural or neurological impairment for a diagnosis of FAS.

The new RS-68A is also planned to be used throughout the entire Delta IV family, where at 106 % thrust it will provide a roughly 7 – 11 % improvement in GTO payload ( although this higher power level may require structural changes ; running the engine at the current 102 % produces a smaller improvement but requires less modification ).

Directly detecting the use of gene therapy usually requires the discovery of recombinant proteins or gene insertion vectors, while most indirect methods involve examining the athlete in an attempt to detect bodily changes or structural differences between endogenous and recombinant proteins.

* Urban interface: The Interface zone where man-made structures inter-mingle with wildlands, creating risk of structural involvement in a wildland fire incident and wildland fire involvement in structure fires, each of which requires different equipment, training and tactics.

Unlike traditional wood beam construction, no additional structural support other than temporary scaffolding is required for openings, doors, windows, or utilities though modifying the structure after the concrete cures requires special concrete cutting tools.

While Horizontal Fiscal Imbalance requires equalization transfers, Vertical Fiscal Imbalance is a structural issue and thus needs to be corrected by re-assignment of revenue and expenditure responsibilities between the two senior order of the governments.

The structural criterion requires that one who argues for or against a position should use an argument that meets the fundamental structural requirements of a well-formed argument, using premises that are compatible with one another, that do not contradict the conclusion, that do not assume the truth of the conclusion, and that are not involved in any faulty deductive inference.

* The uniqueness of solutions requires some extra structural assumptions on the equation.

::" Few human creatures would consent to be changed into any of the lower animals, for a promise of the fullest allowance of a beast's pleasures ; no intelligent human being would consent to be a fool, no instructed person would be an ignoramus, no person of feeling and conscience would be selfish and base, even though they should be persuaded that the fool, the dunce, or the rascal is better satisfied with his lot than they are with theirs … A being of higher faculties requires more to make him happy, is capable probably of more acute suffering, and is certainly accessible to it at more points, than one of an inferior type ; but in spite of these liabilities, he can never really wish to sink into what he feels to be a lower grade of existence … It is better to be a human being dissatisfied than a pig satisfied ; better to be Socrates dissatisfied than a fool satisfied.

The greater a grade, the more power an animal or a machine requires to climb it at a given speed ; therefore routes with lower grades are preferred, so long as they do not have other disadvantages, such as causing the overall travel distance to increase significantly.

A grade 1 immature teratoma that appears to be benign ( e. g., because AFP is not elevated ) has a much higher risk of malignancy, and requires adequate follow-up.

The award continues to exist today, although it requires the student to have 80 percent or higher in six grade 12 courses.

Admission to a master's program generally requires a bachelor's degree in a related field, with sufficiently high grades usually ranging from B + and higher ( note that different schools have different letter grade conventions, and this requirement may be significantly higher in some faculties ), and recommendations from professors.

This method is universally applicable, requires only a low tech equipment and still offers high reproducibility and a high grade of quality control.

* For reading alone below the 4th grade, the best learning gain requires at least 85 % comprehension.

Washington State has piloted a classroom based assessment which requires 5th and higher grade students to sight-sing or perform on instruments from sheet music they have written.

However, in combination with an assessment which requires composing music on a staff as early as 5th grade, it is hoped that such a requirement will raise arts achievement.

The grade of a sample of coal does not precisely define its chemical composition, so calculating the actual usefulness of coal as a fuel requires determining its proximate and ultimate analysis ( see " Chemical Composition " below ).

Manufacturing match grade ammunition and other parts requires extremely tight tolerances and quality control.

For a 5 % grade, each meter of road requires lifting the body weight by 5 cm.

The MBA degree requires completing 72 hours of credit ( 24 courses ) with a cumulative grade point average of 3. 0 or better.

Notre Dame and Columbia are ineligible because they do not rank the top 10 % of their graduating class by grade point average, which the order's constitution requires.

As written, the legislation requires that all students in all groups eventually perform at grade level in all tests, and that schools show continual improvement toward this goal ( otherwise known as " Adequate Yearly Progress ," or AYP ) or face sanctions.

Graduation requires completion of 130 total credit hours, 59 of which are general education courses, with a minimum cumulative grade point average of 2. 0.

Use by mouth requires only food grade, not medical grade, quality control.

The application requires ISEE scores ( grades 7-8 ) or SSAT scores ( grade 8-10 ) along with a student and parent application.

The rare " with distinction " classification ( less than 10 % of the graduates ) requires a grade point average of at least 4. 00 / 5 and a thesis with grade of at least 4 / 5.

Admission to the graduate programmes in the Politecnico requires an undergraduate degree and a set of requirements specific for each school, such as the time spent in obtaining the undergraduate degree or the grade point average scored during the undergraduate programme.

The school has a frequently cited student honor code, and requires its students to complete ten hours of community service each school year in order to advance to the next grade level.

Processing of food from raw materials requires large volumes of high grade water.