His thought is an early influence on green anarchism but with an emphasis on the individual experience of the natural world influencing later naturist currents, simple living as a rejection of a materialist lifestyle and self-sufficiency were Thoreau's goals, and the whole project was inspired by transcendentalist philosophy.

Until the 1970s, literary critics dismissed Thoreau's late pursuits as amateur science and philosophy.

Simple living and self-sufficiency were Thoreau's other goals, and the whole project was inspired by transcendentalist philosophy, a central theme of the American Romantic Period.

* To stimulate interest in and foster education about Thoreau's life, works, and philosophy and his place in his world and ours,

Thoreau's 1848 essay Civil Disobedience, originally titled " Resistance to Civil Government ", has had a wide influence on many later practitioners of civil disobedience.

Political leaders and reformers like Mahatma Gandhi, President John F. Kennedy, civil rights activist Martin Luther King, Jr., Supreme Court Justice William O. Douglas, and Russian author Leo Tolstoy all spoke of being strongly affected by Thoreau's work, particularly Civil Disobedience, as did " right-wing theorist Frank Chodorov devoted an entire issue of his monthly, Analysis, to an appreciation of Thoreau.

For instance, Mahatma Gandhi used this interpretation to suggest an equivalence between Thoreau's civil disobedience and his own satyagraha.

Although his writings would later receive widespread acclaim, Thoreau's ideas were not universally applauded by some of his contemporaries in literary circles.

It eventually became an essential influence for Thoreau's later writings, including his seminal Walden.

The tax collector who arrested him rose to higher political office, and Thoreau's essay was not published until after the end of the Mexican War.

Thoreau's political writings had little impact during his lifetime, as " his contemporaries did not see him as a theorist or as a radical, viewing him instead as a naturalist.

He also kept a series of notebooks, and these observations became the source for Thoreau's late natural history writings, such as Autumnal Tints, The Succession of Trees, and Wild Apples, an essay lamenting the destruction of indigenous and wild apple species.

Nineteenth-century examples include rambles in line with Gore Vidal's definition ( see above ) such as Henry David Thoreau's Walden or George Borrow's Lavengro.

The majority opinion was that the law was overinclusive, and would have prevented the publication of such works as The Autobiography of Malcolm X, Thoreau's Civil Disobedience, and even The Confessions of Saint Augustine.

" Nevertheless, Thoreau's writings went on to influence many public figures.

Indian independence leader Mohandas Gandhi ( a. k. a. Mahatma Gandhi ) was impressed by Thoreau's arguments.

The essay galvanized Gandhi, who wrote and published a synopsis of Thoreau's argument, calling its ' incisive logic.

Henry David Thoreau's classic essay Civil Disobedience ( Thoreau ) | Civil Disobedience inspired Martin Luther King and many other activists.

He even makes the city look like one of Thoreau's hangouts.

At Emerson's request, Alcott helped arrange Thoreau's funeral, which was held at First Parish Sanctuary in Concord, despite Thoreau having disavowed membership in the church when he was in his early twenties.

Thoreau's 1849 essay " Resistance to Civil Government " was eventually renamed " Essay on Civil Disobedience.

Thus, by the time Thoreau's lectures were first published under the title " Civil Disobedience ," in 1866, four years after his death, the term had achieved fairly widespread usage.

Thoreau's books, articles, essays, journals, and poetry total over 20 volumes.

" Richard Drinnon partly blames Thoreau for the ambiguity, noting that Thoreau's " sly satire, his liking for wide margins for his writing, and his fondness for paradox provided ammunition for widely divergent interpretations of ' Civil Disobedience.

Thoreau's birthplace still exists on Virginia Road in Concord and is currently the focus of preservation efforts.

However, Louisa May Alcott mentioned to Ralph Waldo Emerson that Thoreau's facial hair " will most assuredly deflect amorous advances and preserve the man's virtue in perpetuity.

Thoreau's first essay published there was Aulus Persius Flaccus, an essay on the playwright of the same name, published in The Dial in July 1840.

Thoreau's speech proved persuasive: first the abolitionist movement began to accept Brown as a martyr, and by the time of the American Civil War entire armies of the North were literally singing Brown's praises.

Bronson Alcott planned the service and read selections from Thoreau's works, and Channing presented a hymn.

Thoreau's friend Ellery Channing published his first biography, Thoreau the Poet-Naturalist, in 1873, and Channing and another friend Harrison Blake edited some poems, essays, and journal entries for posthumous publication in the 1890s.

Thoreau's journals, which he often mined for his published works but which remained largely unpublished at his death, were first published in 1906 and helped to build his modern reputation.

File: Replica of Thoreau's cabin near Walden Pond and his statue. jpg | Replica of Thoreau's cabin

Image: Cabinsite 02. JPG | Site of Thoreau's cabin

File: Site of Thoreau's cabin. JPG | Site of Thoreau's cabin

Under Wudi, the works of Confucius were made the official imperial philosophy and required reading for civil service examinations in 140 BC which was continued nearly unbroken until the end of the 19th Century.

It is defined either as a political doctrine that all people should be treated as equals and have the same political, economic, social, and civil rights or as a social philosophy advocating the removal of economic inequalities among people or the decentralization of power.

Much of the free-love tradition is an offshoot of anarchism, and reflects a civil libertarian philosophy that seeks freedom from state regulation and church interference in personal relationships.

In specific disciplines, Stanford was ranked in English ( in the United States ), in modern languages ( 7 ), in history ( 8 ), in philosophy ( 4 ), in geography & area studies ( 4 ), in linguistics ( 3 ), in computer science ( 2 ), in civil & structural engineering ( 2 ), in chemical engineering ( 3 ), in electrical engineering ( 2 ), in mechanical, aeronautical, & manufacturing engineering, in medicine ( 3 ), in biological sciences ( 3 ), in chemistry ( 4 ), in physics and astronomy ( 4 ), in metallurgy ( 4 ), in mathematics ( 3 ), in environmental sciences ( 4 ), in earth and marine sciences ( 6 ), in psychology ( 2 ), in sociology ( 4 ), in statistics, in politics and international studies ( 4 ), in law ( 3 ), in economics ( 3 ), and in account and finance.

It used the philosophy of John Locke to rely on consent of the governed, Montesquieu for divided government, and Edward Coke emphasizing civil liberties.

In general, the four pillars define a Green Party as a political movement that interrelates its philosophy from four different social movements, the peace movement, the civil rights movement, the environmental movement, and the labour movement.

Though his father wished him to continue in either the military or the civil service, Bakunin abandoned both in 1835, and made his way to Moscow, hoping to study philosophy.

In 1838 he opposed the interference in civil matters of the Roman Catholic Church, to which he belonged, and in consequence was, during the last three years of his life, interdicted from lecturing on the philosophy of religion.

Undergraduate classes are in administration, system analysis, architecture, arts, accounting, biology, medicine, information science and library science, economics, theology, pharmacy, law, social sciences, literature, physical education, nursing, dentistry, physical therapy, speech therapy, nutrition science, engineering ( civil, electrical, environmental and sanitary, computing ), philosophy, geography, journalism, history, pedagogy, psychology, publicity, public relations, chemistry, social services, occupational therapy and tourism.

The aging Tsunetomo's interpretation of bushidō is perhaps more illustrative of the philosophy refined by his unique station and experience, at once dutiful and defiant, ultimately incompatible with the mores and laws of an emerging civil society.

In addition to helping pave the way towards behaviorism, his contribution to measurement influenced philosophy, the administration and practice of education, military administration, industrial personnel administration, civil service and many public and private social services.

Following this, he studied in the Byzantine capital of Constantinople, including the subjects of astronomy, ecclesiastical computus, astrology, medicine, Roman civil law, Greek rhetoric and philosophy, and the use of the horoscope.

Traditionally Oxford and Cambridge did not see common law as worthy of study, and included coursework in law only in the context of canon and civil law and for the purpose of the study of philosophy or history only.

He learned philosophy in the Jesuits ' college at Poitiers, and in 1699 went to Bourges to study civil law and mathematics under the charge of an uncle, canon of La Sainte-Chapelle.

Satyagraha (; satyāgraha ), loosely translated as " insistence on truth "- satya ( truth ); agraha ( insistence ) " soul force " or " truth force " is a particular philosophy and practice within the broader overall category generally known as nonviolent resistance or civil resistance.

Thus, for example, the Gandhian ahimsa is a philosophy and strategy for social change that rejects the use of violence, but at the same time sees nonviolent action ( also called civil resistance ) as an alternative to passive acceptance of oppression or armed struggle against it.

In general, advocates of an activist philosophy of nonviolence use diverse methods in their campaigns for social change, including critical forms of education and persuasion, mass noncooperation civil disobedience and nonviolent direct action and social, political, cultural and economic forms of intervention.

Here certain movements particularly influenced by a philosophy of nonviolence should be mentioned, including Mahatma Gandhi leading a decades-long nonviolent struggle against British rule in India, which eventually helped India win its independence in 1947, Martin Luther King's and James Bevel's adoption of Gandhi's nonviolent methods in the struggle to win civil rights for African Americans, and César Chávez's campaigns of nonviolence in the 1960s to protest the treatment of farm workers in California.

He studied mathematics, architecture, and civil engineering at the University of Königsberg ( where Immanuel Kant was a professor of philosophy during that period ).

In some exceptional cases, it may also be the name of a postgraduate degree, such as a bachelor of civil law, the bachelor of music, the bachelor of philosophy, or the bachelor of sacred theology degree.

Hobbes has little time for the various disputing sects of philosophers and objects to what people have taken From Aristotle's civil philosophy, they have learned to call all manner of Commonwealths but the popular ( such as was at that time the state of Athens ), tyranny.

The school was reformed in the 17th century and its curriculum was redesigned in the 18th to include courses in philosophy, religious law, civil law and other subjects.

Volunteers taught in the schools and the curriculum now included black history, the philosophy of the civil rights movement.

Paleoconservatism ( sometimes shortened to paleocon ) is a term for a conservative political philosophy found primarily in the United States stressing tradition, limited government, civil society, anti-colonialism, anti-corporatism and anti-federalism, along with religious, regional, national and Western identity.