Cinthio also published the same story in a play version with some small differences, which Shakespeare may or may not have been aware of.

He appended the nickname Cinthio to his name and is commonly referred to by that name ( which is also rendered as Cynthius, Cintio or, in Italian, Cinzio ).

The Tragedy of Othello, the Moor of Venice is a tragedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written in approximately 1603, and based on the Italian short story Un Capitano Moro (" A Moorish Captain ") by Cinthio, a disciple of Boccaccio, first published in 1565.

No English translation of Cinthio was available in Shakespeare's lifetime, and verbal echoes in Othello are closer to the Italian original than to Gabriel Chappuy's 1584 French translation.

Cinthio drew a moral ( which he placed in the mouth of Desdemona ) that European women are unwise to marry the temperamental males of other nations.

Brabantio, Roderigo, and several minor characters are not found in Cinthio, for example, and Shakespeare's Emilia takes part in the handkerchief mischief while her counterpart in Cinthio does not.

Unlike in Othello, in Cinthio, Iago lusts after Desdemona and is spurred to revenge when she rejects him.

Shakespeare's most striking departure from Cinthio is the manner of his heroine's death.

In Shakespeare, Othello suffocates Desdemona, but in Cinthio, Othello commissions Iago to bludgeon his wife to death with a sand-filled stocking.

Cinthio describes each gruesome blow, and, when the lady is dead, Iago and Othello place her lifeless body upon her bed, smash her skull, and cause the cracked ceiling above the bed to collapse upon her, giving the impression its falling rafters caused her death.

In Cinthio, the two murderers escape detection.

Shakespeare's use of it in All's Well That Ends Well and Measure for Measure followed his sources for the plays ( stories by Boccaccio and Cinthio ); nevertheless Oxfordians say that de Vere was drawn to these stories because they " paralleled his own ", based on Osborne's anecdote.

The other main source for the play is George Whetstone's 1578 lengthy two-part closet drama Promos and Cassandra, which itself is sourced from Cinthio.

Othello has its source in the 1565 tale, " Un Capitano Moro " from Gli Hecatommithi by Giovanni Battista Giraldi Cinthio.

While no English translation of Cinthio was available in Shakespeare's lifetime, it is possible Shakespeare knew the Italian original, Gabriel Chappuy's 1584 French translation, or an English translation in manuscript.

In Cinthio, Iago's counterpart is simply " the ensign.

In gruesome detail, Cinthio follows each blow, and, when she is dead, the Moor and his ensign place her lifeless body upon her bed, smash her skull, and then cause the cracked ceiling above the bed to collapse upon her, giving the impression the falling rafters caused her death.

Besides an epic entitled Ercole ( 1557 ), in twenty-six cantos, Cinthio wrote nine tragedies, the best known of which, Orbecche, was produced in 1541.

Among the prose works of Cinthio is the Hecatommithi or Ecatomiti, a collection of tales told somewhat after the manner of Boccaccio, but still more closely resembling the novels of Cinthio's contemporary, Matteo Bandello.

In a poetry contest held by the Cardinal Giorgio Cinthio Aldobrandini of Rome, Isabella Andreini attained second place, only behind the Renaissance poet Torquato Tasso.

While no English translation of Cinthio was available in Shakespeare's lifetime, it is possible Shakespeare knew both the Italian original and Gabriel Chappuy's 1584 French translation.

But do the plays deal with the same facets of experience religion must also deal with??

Now the detective must save his own skin by informing on the girl he loves, who is also the real murderer.

The networks for military communications are one of the best examples of networks which not only must be changed with the changes in objectives but also must be changed with the addition of new machines of war.

They also furnish proof that, in modern war, message sending must be monitored.

That time is now past and the Atlantic nations, if they are to survive, must develop a full-fledged community, and they must also look beyond the frontiers of `` Western civilization '' toward a world-wide `` concert of free nations ''.

The article also said that a person had to be 18 years old or over, and must not be going to high school to attend these classes.

From necessity, they are also inspired by the `` hard-sell '' attitude of the sponsor, so, finally, it is the sponsor who must take the responsibility for the good or bad taste of his advertising.

One need not waver in his belief in virile law enforcement to insist that there are other things in American life which are also of great importance, and to which even law enforcement must accommodate itself.

He knows that he must give the expert his place, but he knows that he must also keep him in it.

Minors minors must also file returns if they earn $600 or more during the year.

On those rare occasions when a faculty member on tenure is not meeting the standards of the institution, the president must also bear the ultimate burden of decision and action.

These bunks also serve as a fence, so part of the additional cost must be attributed to the fence.

The interior designer, then, must first be an artist but also understand carpentry and painting and lighting and plumbing and finance.

And further he must understand his obligation to the client to not only meet his physical necessities but also to enhance and improve his life and to enlarge the cultural horizon of our society.

At the end of its letter was the information that applicants for this position `` must also be prepared to teach costume design and advertising art ''.

The matter of sympathy of the academic professors for art objectives also must be taken into account.

Foreign policy now takes on a different perspective and must become skilled not merely at response but also at projection.

Proper evidence of the liquidation and succession must also be filed.

Although the teacher must be concerned with maintaining standards, he must also be concerned about understanding differences in ability, background, and experience.

Serious attention must also be given to the husband's problems in the honeymoon situation.

There must also be additional and more fundamental discrimination in the use of means of resistance, violent or non-violent.