The PMI company insures a percentage of the consumer's loan to reduce the lender's risk ; this percentage is paid to the lender if the consumer does not pay and the lender forecloses the loan.

That financing permitted the government to reduce the demand for internal credit and, therefore, to maintain its established exchange rate.

He brought down a mini-budget in an attempt to slow consumption, control inflation and reduce the deficit, but it triggered the worst credit squeeze since 1945 — the economy was driven into recession, the stock market slumped, private investment, housing activity and motor vehicle sales fell, unemployment rose to almost 2 percent ( the highest rate since the Depression ) and several major companies collapsed.

Supporters of Unions, such as the ACTU or Australian Labor Party, often credit trade unions with leading the labour movement in the early 20th century, which generally sought to end child labour practices, improve worker safety, increase wages for both union workers and non-union workers, raise the entire society's standard of living, reduce the hours in a work week, provide public education for children, and bring other benefits to working-class families.

A refundable tax credit is a mechanism whereby the tax system can reduce the tax owed by a household to below zero, and result in a net payment to the taxpayer beyond their own payments into the tax system.

Cros was a poet of meager means, not in a position to pay a machinist to build a working model, and largely content to bequeath his ideas to the public domain free of charge and let others reduce them to practice, but after the earliest reports of Edison's presumably independent invention crossed the Atlantic he had his sealed letter of April 30 opened and read at the December 3, 1877 meeting of the French Academy of Sciences, claiming due scientific credit for priority of conception.

Chris Wickham states Louis spent five years campaigning to reduce then occupy Bari, " and then only to a Byzantine / Slav naval blockade "; " Louis took the credit " for the success, adding " at least in Frankish eyes ", then concludes by noting that by remaining in southern Italy long after this success, he " achieved the near-impossible: an alliance against him of the Beneventans, Salernitans, Neapolitans and Spoletans ; later sources include Sawadān as well.

# By tracking who pays, and when, the distributor can see potential problems developing and take steps to reduce or increase the allowed amount of trade credit he extends to prospering or posure to losses from customers going bankrupt who would never pay for the ice cream delivered.

Meanwhile, in a move designed to encourage private enterprise and reduce unemployment, in May 1993 the UN Development Programme had given Comoros a credit of US $ 2 million for programs in these areas.

In larger transactions, debt is often syndicated, meaning that the bank who arranges the credit sells all or part of the debt in pieces to other banks in an attempt to diversify and hence reduce its risk.

Many believe policies of credit card companies such as American Express that reduce credit lines of individuals that make purchases at retailers frequented by so-called " high-risk " customers to be akin to redlining.

# Tell the photo-editing application to manipulate the image ( e. g. reduce its resolution, add a border, add a photo credit )

Sellers might agree to sell at a common target price ; set a common minimum price ; buy the product from a supplier at a specified maximum price ; adhere to a price book or list price ; engage in cooperative price advertising ; standardize financial credit terms offered to purchasers ; use uniform trade-in allowances ; limit discounts ; discontinue a free service or fix the price of one component of an overall service ; adhere uniformly to previously-announced prices and terms of sale ; establish uniform costs and markups ; impose mandatory surcharges ; purposefully reduce output or sales in order to charge higher prices ; or purposefully share or pool markets, territories, or customers.

Death rates were sharply reduced, but she did not recognise hygiene as the predominant cause of death at the time and never claimed credit for helping to reduce the death rate.

On March 29, 2011, the New Democrats presented their first real campaign promise, a proposal to cap credit card rates in order to reduce credit card debt.

Their primary function is to generate profits for their stockholders, but they are structured and regulated by the US government to enhance the availability and reduce the cost of credit to targeted borrowing sectors.

Of course one needs to note that Equity capital has the highest cost in the long run, as a firm needs to demonstrate higher return on investment for its shareholders Firms can also combine the three types of financing, angel / venture, factoring and bank line of credit to further reduce their total cost of funds whilst at the same time improving cash flow.

The credit crisis in 2008 caused this dynamic to shift when convertible hedge funds were forced by their banks to reduce their leverage employed, causing them to sell assets and shrink.

* Tightening: Lenders can reduce credit risk by reducing the amount of credit extended, either in total or to certain borrowers.

She gained credit from " salt victims " who had suffered strokes supporting her work to make large companies reduce salt.

RJR issued additional stock to the public in March 1991 to further reduce debt, resulting in an upgrade of the credit rating of RJR's debt from junk to investment grade.

Sterile technique, aseptic post-operative care, antibiotics, and vigilant post-operative monitoring greatly reduce the risk of these complications.

Practice arrows, for instance, can use a blunt tip that spreads the force over a wider area to reduce the risk of injury or limit penetration.

To reduce the risk of injury from a fall, climbers rarely go higher than 3 – 5 meters above the ground.

Central banks usually also have supervisory powers, intended to prevent bank runs and to reduce the risk that commercial banks and other financial institutions engage in reckless or fraudulent behavior.

Such legal reserve requirements were introduced in the 19th century as an attempt to reduce the risk of banks overextending themselves and suffering from bank runs, as this could lead to knock-on effects on other overextended banks.

To reduce the risk of becoming lost, it is necessary to memorise the appearance of key navigational points in the cave as they are passed by the exploring party.

Cycling suffers from a perception that it is unsafe although use of appropriate safety equipment and observance of road rules can reduce risk of serious injury.

Whatever measures have been taken to reduce the privacy risk in census data, new technology in the form of better electronic analysis of data poses increasing challenges to the protection of sensitive individual information.

Once in place, democratic institutions — even partial ones — reduce the likelihood of armed conflict and all but eliminate the risk that it will lead to geno / politicide.

The purpose of door guards ( also known as hinge guards, anti-finger trapping devices, or finger guards ) is to reduce the number of finger trapping accidents in doors, as doors pose a risk to children especially when closing.

Special purpose fire doors are often employed in buildings to reduce the overall risk of fire, particularly by preventing the spread of fire and smoke.

From another perspective, the farmer and the miller both reduce a risk and acquire a risk when they sign the futures contract: the farmer reduces the risk that the price of wheat will fall below the price specified in the contract and acquires the risk that the price of wheat will rise above the price specified in the contract ( thereby losing additional income that he could have earned ).

Applied subjects include market and legal remedies to spread or reduce risk, such as warranties, government-mandated partial insurance, restructuring or bankruptcy law, inspection, and regulation for quality and information disclosure.

Pedestrian bridges were constructed every kilometer, to reduce the risk of accidents.

Nitrox is not a safer gas than compressed air in all respects ; although its use can reduce the risk of decompression sickness, it increases the risk of oxygen toxicity and fire, which are further discussed below.

Research shows that quercetin influences cellular mechanisms in vitro and in animal studies, and there is limited evidence from human population studies that quercetin may reduce the risk of lung cancer.

Ammunition can be chosen to reduce the risk of overpenetration ; see Terminal ballistics, Stopping power, and Hollow point bullet.

Hearing protection such as earplugs ( disposable or reusable ) or ear muffs ( including electronic devices that amplify quiet sounds ) can be used to reduce the risk of hearing damage.

Because eyes are particularly vulnerable to this type of damage, eye protection should be worn to reduce the risk of injury.

Tensions remained high for months, although various confidence-building measures were discussed to reduce the risk of military accidents or conflict in the Aegean, under the auspices of the NATO Secretary General.

Around the late 14th century AD, European powdermakers first began adding liquid during grinding to improve mixing, reduce dust, and with it the risk of explosion.