The average annual rainfall is, with extremes of or more in the mountainous northeast ( the windward side of the island ) and in the southwestern valleys.

An upland tropical climate prevails on the windward side of the mountains, whereas a semiarid climate predominates on the leeward side.

The greater beam provided more moment of leverage by placing the crew or any other mobile weight on the windward side.

The windward side is very rocky, while the leeward side consists of many sandy beaches and has many more bays.

A boat can be ' worked to windward ', to arrive at an upwind destination, by sailing close-hauled with the wind coming from one side, then tacking ( turning the boat through the eye of the wind ) and sailing with the wind coming from the other side.

In the northernmost taiga the forest cover is not only more sparse, but often stunted in growth form ; moreover, ice pruned asymmetric Black Spruce ( in North America ) are often seen, with diminished foliage on the windward side.

Most of Epirus lies on the windward side of the Pindus, and the prevailing winds from the Ionian Sea make the region the rainiest in mainland Greece.

Rainfall in the FCT reflects the territory's location on the windward side of the Jos Plateau and the zone of rising air masses with the city receiving frequent rainfall during the rainy season from March to November every year.

Thimphu valley lying in the leeward side of the mountains is comparatively dry and contains a different type of vegetation as compared to the windward side.

Punakha, the old capital of Bhutan, is on the windward side with broad-leaved trees dominating the topography.

A Föhn wind results from precipitation on the windward side of a mountain range which releases latent heat into the atmosphere which is then warmer on the leeward side ( e. g. the Chinook or the original Föhn ).

This is in large part due to the fact that, as throughout California, the prevailing weather systems and wind come normally from the Pacific Ocean, blowing in from the west and southwest so that places closer to the ocean and on the windward side of higher elevations tend to receive more rain from autumn through spring and more summer wind and fog.

Both ends are alike, and the boat is sailed in either direction, but it has a high windward side and a lower leeward side supported by an outrigger.

The plant is propagated from other rhizomes and cultivation takes place up to heights of 300 metres on the eastern and windward facing side of the highlands of St. Vincent.

At Kahaluʻu, visitors to the windward side travelling via the Pali Highway, H-3, or Likelike Highway first encounter the ocean ( actually Kaneohe Bay ) close beside the highway ( Kamehameha Highway or Route 83 ).

On the other hand, Lucayan villages were linear, along the coast, often on the leeward side of an island, but also found on the windward side wherever tidal creeks provided some protected shoreline.

Exposed to westerly winds from the Atlantic, heavy with rain, the windward side of the mountains has up to 1, 600 mm of rain annually ( West Harz, Upper Harz, High Harz ); in contrast, the leeward side only receives an average of 600 mm of precipitation per annum ( East Harz, Lower Harz, Eastern Harz foothills ).

This pattern is modified by adabiatic effects as rising air masses cool and drop their moisture content on windward slopes, then warm up as they descend so relative humidity drops.

" Nonetheless, Graves maintained a windward position through the night, so that he would have the choice of battle in the morning.

The low aspect ratio of square rigged sails ( usually 1 / 2 to 1 / 3 ) produces much drag for the lift ( motive power ) produced, so they have poor performance to windward compared to modern yachts, and they cannot sail as close to the wind.

It is sailed so that one hull is kept to windward, and the other to leeward, so that it needs to " shunt " to reverse direction when tacking.

The Bruce foil is a foil that provides a lateral resistance with zero heeling moment by placing the foil to the windward side, angled so the direction of the force passes through the center of effort of the sail.

They require high and persistent wave action to form, so develop best on windward reefs with little or no seasonal change in wind direction.

On a traditional two-leeboard ( or non-fixed leeboard ) design, they are designed so that the windward board can be retracted when it isn't needed to reduce drag.

When sailing, the windward side bilgeboard is retracted into the hull of the boat, so that it produces no drag.

They are commonly designed to slide from side to side, so they are moved to the windward side whenever the boat tacks.

Some boats with lifting keels go so far as to allow the keel to be canted side to side, allowing the bulb to be placed to windward to reduce heel in high winds ; this type of keel is called a canting keel, and is used in the newest Volvo Ocean Race's Volvo Open 70 class yachts.

It lies on the windward side of the Khasi Hills, so the resulting orographic lift enhances precipitation.

In sailing, luffing refers to when a sailing vessel is steered far enough toward the direction of the wind (" windward "), or the sheet controlling a sail is eased so far past optimal trim, that airflow over the surfaces of the sail is disrupted and the sail begins to " flap " or " luff " ( the luff of the sail is usually where this first becomes evident ).

Bucentaure was left to be dealt with by the next three ships of the British windward column Temeraire, Conqueror and Neptune.

Because it lies on the windward side of the Gulf Stream, Vík í Mýrdal is the wettest coastal town in Iceland, with an annual rainfall of, which is three times more than Reykjavík and five times more than Akureyri on the northern side of the island.

In the accompanying figure, the boat is seen to tack three times while beating to windward.

The names of the main four wards or divisions of Malé Island are said to have been given by the aboriginal Giraavaru fishermen: Maafannu from " maa " ( big ) and " fannu " ( a place where a village path meets the sea ), Henveiru from " en-beyru " ( out where fishermen got their bait ), Galolhu from " galu-olhu " ( stone groove ) and, Macchangolhi from " mathi-angolhi " ( windward path-fork ).

Windbreaks are created by planting sufficiently dense rows of trees at the windward exposure of an agricultural field subject to wind erosion.

# If both sailing vessels are on the same tack, the windward boat gives way to the leeward one ( Rule 12 )

The most windward boat, and the most leeward boat are on the same team.

# When boats are on the same tack and overlapped, the boat to windward ( the boat closest to the wind ) shall keep clear of a leeward boat ( Rule 11 ).

When both have the wind on the same side, the vessel which is windward must give way to the vessel which is leeward ;

The same hull is kept windward for ballast.

The narrow beam, the high centre of gravity, the low aspect ratio of the centre board and the longitudinal rudder shape do not help windward performance, but mostly these same features help in shallow waters or where the boat has to change direction often, such as in a tidal or rocky estuary.

Vanua Levu's main mountain ranges lie near the windward, southern coasts, making them much wetter.

Hampton Court 70 and Swiftsure 70 ( the Red 19 and 20 ), which were ahead of them again, remained to the windward of the French, and joined themselves to Russells division.

In good conditions, sailing barges could attain speeds over 12 knots, and their leeboards allowed them to be highly effective windward performers.

Flangini turned to support them, and a change of wind to the west put him to windward, and the Ottoman fleet retired after only 2 of them had opened fire.