In The Father Christmas Letters, which Tolkien wrote for his children, Red Gnomes are helpful creatures who come from Norway to the North Pole to assist Father Christmas and his Elves in fighting the wicked Goblins.

It was also an influence on J. R. R. Tolkien, who read it a few years before it was published in 1917.

Tolkien also explores the motif of jewels that inspire intense greed that corrupts those who covet them in the Silmarillion, and there are connections between the words " Arkenstone " and " Silmaril " in Tolkien's invented etymologies.

Many of the thematic and stylistic differences arose because Tolkien wrote The Hobbit as a story for children, and The Lord of the Rings for the same audience, who had subsequently grown up since its publication.

In 1976 ( three years after the author's death ) United Artists sold the rights to Saul Zaentz Company, who trade as Tolkien Enterprises.

J. R. R. Tolkien is one of many scholars who have studied and promoted the Mercian dialect of Old English, and introduced various Mercian terms into his legendarium – especially in relation to the Kingdom of Rohan, otherwise known as the Mark ( a name cognate with Mercia ).

Tolkien later assigned this name to an ancient king who had ordered some spears from the dwarves.

Language invention had always been tightly connected to the mythology that Tolkien developed, as he found that a language could not be complete without the history of the people who spoke it, just as these people could never be fully realistic if imagined only through the English language and as speaking English.

Boromir has been mentioned with other Tolkienian characters such as Fëanor or Túrin Turambar who display " excess " for the sake of their own personal glory, a trait in leaders that Tolkien himself despised.

Tolkien claimed to be genuinely surprised when, in March 1956, he received a letter from one Sam Gamgee, who had heard that his name was in The Lord of the Rings but had not read the book.

In the works of J. R. R. Tolkien, the Noldor ( meaning those with knowledge in Quenya ) are Elves of the Second Clan who migrated to Valinor and lived in Eldamar.

Fëanor is among those major characters whom Tolkien, who also used to illustrate his writings, supplied with a distinct heraldic device.

In the works of J. R. R. Tolkien, the Teleri, Those who come last in Quenya ( singular Teler ) were the third of the Elf clans who came to Aman.

Determining the epoch of a Fifth Age is important for those who apply the Tolkien calendar to present dates.

In the fiction of J. R. R. Tolkien, the Edain () were men ( humans ) who made their way into Beleriand in the First Age, and were friendly to the Elves.

* In a comparison with the later literature, The Lord of the Rings ( 1954-1955 ) by J. R. R. Tolkien, the character Gollum, as well as Smaug, could be seen to have been inspired by Fáfnir, who was also corrupted by greed and transformed into a vile creature.

Tolkien, who would later go on to write his novels, such as The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, with their influence taken from the same mythological scenes portrayed by the Pre-Raphaelites.

Sindarin was a language Tolkien created and described the Elves of Middle-Earth to possess ; who " awoke " the Ents and taught them language.

* The Minor Arcana consist of highly skilled magicians such as the Alchemist seeking the philosopher's stone and the potion of immortality, the Jewelsmith Artificer, which manufactures protective amulets and rings Powers ( similar the Elves of Eregion who were manipulated by Sauron in the work of Tolkien ), the Mechanician Artificer that makes the statues come alive, mechanisms and magical traps, the Weaponsmith Artificer that manufactures weapons and armor magic ( a class in which Dwarves particularly excel ), the Astrologer who reads the future in the stars and Diviner which reads the future in Tarot cards.

J. R. R. Tolkien, author of The Lord of the Rings, stayed in Great Haywood during the winter of 1916 / 17 and in his story ' The Tale of the Sun and the Moon ' ( The Book of Lost Tales 1 ) he writes about a gnome called Gilfanon who owned an ancient house "... the House of a Hundred Chimneys, that stands nigh the bridge of Tavrobel ".

Tolkien elaborates on this by having Gondor's townspeople most inhospitable to the man in the moon, who is robbed and fed stale porridge in a kitchen corner.

The hotel has played host to many famous and influential people including Alfred Lord Tennyson, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Hilaire Belloc, G. K. Chesterton and J. R. R. Tolkien who spent several holidays there.

Francis ThompsonFrancis Thompson ( 18 December 1859 – 13 November 1907 ) was an ascetic and influenced the young J. R. R. Tolkien, who purchased the Works of Francis Thompson in 1913 – 14.

* The Homecoming of Beorhtnoth Beorhthelm's Son is the title of a work by J. R. R. Tolkien that was originally published in 1953 in volume 6 of the scholarly journal Essays and Studies by Members of the English Association.

Tolkien conceived of The Lord of the Rings as a single volume comprising six " books " plus extensive appendices.

J. R. R. Tolkien wanted to use this as the overall title for the third volume of The Lord of the Rings, feeling that the title " The Return of the King " gave away too much of the plot.

Tolkien recounts this battle in The Return of the King, the third volume of his 1954-55 novel The Lord of the Rings as originally printed.

Morgoth's Ring is the tenth volume of Christopher Tolkien's 12-volume series The History of Middle-earth in which he analyses the unpublished manuscripts of his father J. R. R. Tolkien.

There is an inscription in the Fëanorian characters ( Tengwar, an alphabet Tolkien has devised for High-elven ) in the first pages of every History of Middle-earth volume, written by Christopher Tolkien and describing the contents of the book.

The War of the Jewels is the 11th volume of Christopher Tolkien's series The History of Middle-earth, analysing the unpublished manuscripts of his father J. R. R. Tolkien.

There is an inscription in tengwar on the title pages of each volume of The History of Middle-earth, written by Christopher Tolkien and describing the contents of the book.

The Peoples of Middle-earth ( 1996 ) is the 12th and final volume of The History of Middle-earth, edited by Christopher Tolkien from the unpublished manuscripts of his father J. R. R. Tolkien.

Each volume of The History of Middle-earth bears on the title pages an inscription by Christopher Tolkien in Fëanorian letters ( in Tengwar, an alphabet Tolkien devised for the High-Elves ), that describes the contents of the book.

The inscription in Book XII reads: " This is the last volume of the work of Christopher Tolkien in which he has collected a great part of all that his father John Ronald Reuel Tolkien wrote of Middle-earth and Valinor.

The Lost Road and Other Writings is the fifth volume of The History of Middle-earth, a series of compilations of drafts and essays written by J. R. R. Tolkien.

The title pages of each volume of the History of Middle-earth have an inscription in Tengwar, written by Christopher Tolkien and describing the contents of the book.

There is an inscription in the Fëanorian characters ( Tengwar, an alphabet Tolkien has devised for High-Elves ) in the first pages of every History of Middle-earth volume, written by Christopher Tolkien and describing the contents of the book.

The Lays of Beleriand, published in 1985, is the third volume of Christopher Tolkien's 12-volume book series, The History of Middle-earth, in which he analyzes the unpublished manuscripts of his father J. R. R. Tolkien.

There is an inscription in the Fëanorian characters ( Tengwar, an alphabet Tolkien has devised for High-Elves ) in the first pages of every History of Middle-earth volume, written by Christopher Tolkien and describing the contents of the book.

The Shaping of Middle-earth is the fourth volume of Christopher Tolkien's 12-volume series The History of Middle-earth in which he analyses the unpublished manuscripts of his father J. R. R. Tolkien.

There is an inscription in the Fëanorian characters ( Tengwar, an alphabet Tolkien has devised for High-Elves ) in the first pages of every History of Middle-earth volume, written by Christopher Tolkien and describing the contents of the book.