As a result of their family relationship, Hayek became one of the first to read Wittgenstein's Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus when the book was published in its original German edition in 1921.

Wittgenstein's Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus was a text of great importance for the positivists.

Wittgenstein wrote the notes for Tractatus while he was a soldier during World War I and completed it when a prisoner of war at Como and later Cassino in August 1918.

Schlick eventually convinced Wittgenstein to meet with members of the circle to discuss the Tractatus when he returned to Vienna ( he was then working as an architect ).

The Tractatus was the theme of a 1992 film by the Hungarian filmmaker Peter Forgacs.

A manuscript version of Tractatus, dubbed and published as the Prototractatus, was discovered in 1965 by Georg Henrik von Wright.

More of an influence on Paine than Hume, however, was Spinoza's Tractatus Theologico-politicus ( 1678 ).

The later years of his life were spent in comparative quiet, devoted in part to the preparation of his expositions of the Psalms ( Tractatus super Psalmos ), for which he was largely indebted to Origen ; of his Commentarius in Evangelium Matthaei, an allegorical exegesis of the first Gospel ; and of his no longer extant translation of Origen's commentary on Job.

W. L. Warren advances the theory that either Walter or Geoffrey Fitz Peter, instead of Ranulf Glanvill, was the author of Tractatus de legibus et consuetudinibus regni Angliae, a legal treatise on the laws and constitutions of the English.

Neither of Walter's two modern biographers, however, feel that he was the author of the Tractatus, and the historian Ralph Turner agrees.

Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, was a work of terse, lapidary brilliance that advanced, among other things, a logical theory of symbolism and a " picture " or " model " theory of language.

Members of the Vienna Circle had a common attitude towards philosophy, consisting of an applied logical positivism drawn from Ludwig Wittgenstein, whose Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus formed the basis for the group's philosophy ( although Wittgenstein himself insisted that logical positivism was a gross misreading of his thinking, and took to reading poetry during meetings of the Vienna Circle ).

A central work for the newly founded discussion group was the Logisch-Philosophische Abhandlung ( Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus ), published by Ludwig Wittgenstein in 1921 ( in 1922 in German-English version ).

His major work, Tractatus de Corde ( 1669 ) was concerned with the workings of the heart and lungs, and he experimented with blood transfusion, thus becoming the first Western scientist ever to perform a blood transfusion.

He was a close friend of Ludwig Wittgenstein, and was instrumental in translating Wittgenstein's Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus into English, and in persuading Wittgenstein to return to philosophy and Cambridge.

1370 – 1435 ) was a Polish scholar and rector who at the Council of Constance in 1414, presented a thesis, Tractatus de potestate papae et imperatoris respectu infidelium ( Treatise on the Power of the Pope and the Emperor Respecting Infidels ).

The first mention of a dishonorable display of arms ( and the only one reliably attested in actual use ) was inverting the entire shield, first documented by Johannes de Bado Aureo in his heraldic treatise Tractatus de armis ( c. 1394 ).

He was buried in Blavia castellum, a military fort in the Tractatus Armoricani.

Among his other publications were Seawater made Fresh ( 1684 ), the Nature and Use of the Salt contained in Epsom and such other Waters ( 1697 ), which was a rendering of his Tractatus de salis ( 1693 ), and Cosmologia Sacra ( 1701 ).

The Latinate title now given to the work in English, with its nod to Baruch Spinoza's Tractatus Theologico-Politicus, is attributed to G. E. Moore, and was adopted by Ogden.

After Georg von Podiebrad in his Tractatus, he was, perhaps, one of the first to propose an international organisation responsible for maintaining peace.

His elder brother, Frank P. Ramsey ( 1903 – 1930 ), was a mathematician and philosopher ( of, incidentally, atheist convictions ) and something of a prodigy, who when only 19 translated into English Wittgenstein's Tractatus.

Written by the Dutch philosopher Baruch Spinoza, the Tractatus Theologico-Politicus or Theologico-Political Treatise was one of the most controversial texts of the early modern period.

Nevertheless, around that time early 16th century Polish geographer Maciej of Miechów in his influential Tractatus de duabus Sarmatiis ( 1517 ) argued that there were no mountains in Eastern Europe at all, challenging the point of view of some authors of Classical antiquity, popular during the Renaissance.

" The world is everything that is the case ," wrote Ludwig Wittgenstein in his influential Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, first published in 1922.

Miechowita's Tractatus de Duabus Sarmatiis became influential abroad, where for some time it was one of the most widely used reference works on the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

The Tractatus introduced many doctrines which later influenced logical positivism, including the concept of philosophy as a " critique of language ," and the possibility of making a theoretically principled distinction between intelligible and nonsensical discourse.

According to Neurath, some logical positivists disliked the Tractatus, since they thought it included a great deal of metaphysics.

A logical positivist might accept the propositions of Tractatus before 6. 4.

Although Wittgenstein did not use the term himself, his metaphysical view throughout the Tractatus is commonly referred to as logical atomism.

Although the Vienna Circle's logical positivists appreciated the Tractatus, they argued that the last few passages, including Proposition 7, are confused.

In his Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus he stays generally within the realm of logical positivism, until claim 6. 4, but at 6. 41 and following the succeeding propositions argue that ethics and several other issues are " transcendental " subjects which we cannot examine with language.

Although the historical significance of Tractatus is for its influence on the philosophers of logical empiricism, by providing them with a framework for a philosophy of science, and hence engineering, Wittgenstein actually wrote it as a work on ethics.

* Raymond Kurzweil ( 1990 ), The Age of Intelligent Machines cites the effect of Wittgenstein on the adherents of logical positivism, via the publication of Tractatus.

The Tractatus also adhered to a correspondence theory of truth which the positivists adopted, although some, like Otto Neurath, preferred a form of coherentism.

:: Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus ( Vienna 1918, original publication in German ).

The Tractatus caught the attention of the philosophers of the Vienna Circle ( 1921 – 1933 ), especially Rudolf Carnap and Moritz Schlick.

The immediate effect of the Tractatus was enormous, particularly by the reception it received by the Vienna Circle.

However, it is now claimed by many contemporary analytic philosophers, that the Vienna Circle misunderstood certain sections of the Tractatus.

* Tractatus proportionum, Venice 1496 and Vienna 1971: editor Hubertus L. Busard

Eventually Wittgenstein agreed to meet with Schlick and other Circle members to discuss the Tractatus and other ideas but he later found it necessary to restrict the visitors to sympathetic interlocutors.