In a manner similar to the typographic experimentation by Herbert Bayer at the Bauhaus, and Jan Tschichold's Die neue Typographie, Schwitters experimented with the creation of a new more phonetic alphabet in 1927.

Tschichold's work included the woodcut illustrated covers of the classics series ( also known as the medallion series ), and with Hans Schmoller, his eventual successor at Penguin, the vertical grid covers that became the standard for Penguin fiction throughout the 1950s.

The books were distinct from the rest of the Penguin marque in their use of a vertical grid ( anticipating Tschichold's innovation of 1951 ) and albertus typeface.

They are correct size, when compared to an original ' grid-era ' Penguin, and they use Eric Gill's typefaces in a more or less exact match for Jan Tschichold's ' tidying ' of Edward Young's original three panel cover design.

A “ Sabon Next ” was later released by Linotype as an ‘ interpretation ’ of Tschichold's original Sabon.

After World War II, a number of graphic designers, including Max Bill, Emil Ruder, and Josef Müller-Brockmann, influenced by the modernist ideas of Jan Tschichold's Die neue Typographie ( The New Typography ), began to question the relevance of the conventional page layout of the time.

Similar to Jan Tschichold's work and modern typography, his style was limited to type and color within strict layouts.

This Modern design book has been compared to Tschichold's Die Neue Typographic.

This artisan background and calligraphic training set him apart from almost all other noted typographers of the time, since they had inevitably trained in architecture or the fine arts.

The Wesleyan congregations were more likely to be from a lower middle class, or artisan, background than the Primitive Methodists.

The artisan would carve a particular character or pattern into the silver, leaving the figure raised by carving out the " background ".

Manchego cheese can be made from pasteurised or raw milk ; if the latter, it may be labelled as Artesano ( artisan ).

The rinds of artisan cheeses may be engraved with drawings or symbols characteristic of the Basque culture.

An artisan or artizan ( from ) or craftsman ( craftsperson ) is a skilled manual worker who makes items that may be functional or strictly decorative, including furniture, sculpture, clothing, jewellery, household items, and tools or even machines such as the handmade devices of a watchmaker.

An artisan is therefore a person engaged in or occupied by the practice of a craft, who may through experience and talent reach the expressive levels of an art in their work and what they create.

This screen may have been the work of the German artisan F. Schweikhardt, who specialised in still-life studies in the style of the Dutch painter Jan van Huysum.

Property is freedom for " the peasant or artisan family have a natural right to a home, land may cultivate, [...] to tools of a trade ", and the fruits of that cultivation — but not to ownership or control of the lands and lives of others.

Festivals may include parades, processions, marching bands, food tents, artisan demonstrations, traditional dancing, live music and fireworks.

The common people of Medang mostly made a living in agriculture, especially as rice farmers, however, some may have pursued other careers, such as hunter, trader, artisan, weaponsmith, sailor, soldier, dancer, musician, food or drink vendor, etc.

An outraged expelled artisan seeking vengeance on Godegisel went to Gundobad, and with his help he navigated the aqueduct and broke into the city.

The house was constructed over a period of years by the Lederers, starting in 1934, with the help of artisan builder John R. Litke.

In 1934, Francis Lederer began design and construction, with the help of artisan builder John R. Litke, of his landmark residence and stables on the hilltop of a large rancho in the Simi Hills in Owensmouth, renamed Canoga Park, renamed again to present day West Hills.

Even though the theory on why and how the non-mechanized factories gradually replaced the small artisan shops is still ambiguous, what is apparent is that the larger-scale factories enjoyed technological gains and advance in efficiency over the small artisan shops.

Firth's attempts to do likewise at Oxford brought him into bitter conflict with the college fellows, who had little research expertise of their own and saw no reason why their undergraduates should be made to acquire such arcane, even artisan, skills, given their likely careers.

For inspiration, they turned to Britain, Germany, and Belgium, where a centuries-old tradition of artisan beer and cask ale production had never died out.

Friedrich Halm's earliest full-length drama, Schwert, Hammer, Buch, completed in 1833 but never published, explores three various routes in quest of happiness: that of the warrior, that of the artisan, and that of the artist.

In 1915 – 1916 he worked with other Suprematist artists in a peasant / artisan co-operative in Skoptsi and Verbovka village.

Hofmann, who worked in the city of Trieste, was a skilful artisan who was willing to follow Maximilian ’ s suggestions.

Many of them near the city worked on sugar and cotton plantations, while most of those in the city limits had domestic and artisan jobs.

Joannes ( surnamed The Faster, Jejunator, sometimes also Cappadox ) was born at Constantinople of artisan parents, and worked as a sculptor.

As a young man he worked as an artisan and a telegraph operator.

Peasant women and those from merchant and artisan families had always worked.

We must realize with Prof. Charles Morris in his The Open Self that `` Man is the being that can continually remake himself, the artisan that is himself the material for his own creation ''.

In most crochet, the artisan usually has only one live stitch on the hook ( with the exception being Tunisian crochet ), while a knitter keeps an entire row of stitches active simultaneously.

The project dissolved in disputes with the artisan who built parts and ended with the decision of the British Government to cease funding.

As one modern scholar observed: " It is as if an artisan with his big, awkward fingers were patiently, fascinatedly, imitating the fine seam of the professional tailor.

He said that a " peasant who is in possession of just the amount of land he can cultivate ," and " a family inhabiting a house which affords them just enough space ... considered necessary for that number of people " and the artisan " working with their own tools or handloom " would not be interfered with, arguing that " he landlord owes his riches to the poverty of the peasants, and the wealth of the capitalist comes from the same source.

In Renaissance usage, the Italian word cortigiana, feminine of cortigiano (" courtier ") came to refer to " the ruler's mistress ", and then to a well-educated and independent woman of loose morals, eventually a trained artisan of dance and singing, especially one associated with wealthy, powerful, or upper-class men who provided luxuries and status in exchange for companionship.

* In its earliest form, manufacturing was usually carried out by a single skilled artisan with assistants.

Further more among the Nahuan peoples the word " Tolteca " was synonymous with artist, artisan or wise man, and " toltecayotl " " Toltecness " meant art, culture and civilization and urbanism — and was seen as the opposite of " Chichimecayotl " " Chichimecness ", which symbolized the savage, nomadic state of peoples who had not yet become urbanized.

After the passing of the Reform Act 1832, which gave the vote to a section of the male middle classes, but not to the working class which was then, because of social and industrial conditions, emerging from artisan and labouring classes many Radicals made speeches asserting the betrayal of the working class and the sacrificing of their interests by the misconduct of the government, in conjunction with this model.

This is the period of the ‘ Teuten ’ a traveling trading people, who were touring from village to village with artisan and merchant services, like coppersmith, wig-maker, also some veterinary surgeon like horse, ram, bull and pig castrating, and trade in goods like pottery, kitchen-utensil, bed-clothes, linen, lace, silk and other textile manufactures.

was formed with the artisan club house using what are now greenkeepers ' cottages situated near the third tee area.

Thus, in 1649, when Louis XIV was still a child, an artisan named Camus designed for him a miniature coach, and horses complete with footmen, page and a lady within the coach ; all these figures exhibited a perfect movement.

The first is the biblical story of the Tyrian artisan with a Northern Israelite mother who became a master craftsman involved in the construction of King Solomon's Temple.

She was remembered as a skillful artisan in the art of working with wool.

The actual cameo is mainly cut with a metal scraping tool called a bulino, an invention of Jewish artisan Antonio Cimeniello.

Both the artisan and his patron had a similar cultural formation and they were well acquainted with the eclectic tendencies of the time.

Working with Josiah Lane, the same artisan stonemason who had built the new cascade and grotto at Painshill Park, Hamilton added a cascade and grotto to the Bowood landscape.

The distinctive and modern curvilinear exterior facade is faced in 115, 000 glazed tiles, in varying rich brown tones with an undulating surface, made by renowned ceramic artisan Edith Heath.