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Turkey and neutral
During World War II, through February 1945, when Turkey was neutral for most of the length of the conflict, the Dardanelles were closed to the ships of the belligerent nations.
During World War I, Afghanistan remained neutral despite pressure to support Turkey when its sultan proclaimed his nation's participation in what it considered a holy war.
Turkey remained neutral until the final stages of World War II.
At the time, other western allies in the Middle East, including Turkey and Iraq, were irritated that Egypt, a persistently neutral country, was being offered so much aid.
During World War II, Turkey remained neutral until February 1945.
Cicero's role in Turkey, another neutral country with some pro-German members of the government and armed forces, appears to fit into the Double Cross strategy, with many of the same patterns.
But no ships have been sighted, and the various attempts to contact the Allies or to seek the diplomatic intercession of the United States, still a neutral power, or Turkey ’ s ally, Imperial Germany, come to naught.
It has also been suggested the British strategy was to create a barrier in Greece, to protect Turkey, the only ( neutral ) country standing between an Axis block in the Balkans and the oil-rich Middle East.
In addition, IPC attempted, though without success, to extend further its area of operations by seeking concessions or exploration permits in Turkey and in the neutral zones of Kuwait and Saudi Arabia.
It is likely that Turkey, neutral until 23 February 1945, when it declared war on Nazi Germany, did not allow for war supplies to pass through into the Black Sea until that date.
In the face of the overwhelming German advance into Greece, several thousand Greek officers and soldiers were either evacuated, along with the Greek government, to Crete and then Egypt, in April – May 1941, or managed to flee, mainly via neutral Turkey, to the British-controlled Middle East.
The Republic of Turkey is neutral in religious affairs.
This name is mostly used for males in Bangladesh, Pakistan and Kashmir, India, Turkey, Iran, and other Asian countries of the region, though the name is neutral in gender and can also be used for females.
Losses included 44 to air defenses and additional B-24s that ditched in the Mediterranean or were interned ( e. g. a few landed in the neutral country Turkey ).

Turkey and country
Armenia is a landlocked country in the Transcaucasia region, between the Black and Caspian Seas, bordered on the north and east by Georgia and Azerbaijan and on the south and west by Iran and Turkey.
In addition, the border with Turkey is closed, making access to sea ports difficult and transportation logistics challenging to a country largely dependent upon imports.
The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and genocide claims for 1915 – 1918 events made impossible relations with Azerbaijan and Turkey, thus increased an isolation of the country.
* 1927 – Turkey becomes the first country to celebrate Children's Day as a national holiday.
It is the fourth most populous city in Turkey and equally one of the most industrialized metropolitan centers in the country.
Following the foundation of the Republic of Turkey, Bursa became one of the industrial centers of the country.
In 1983, the Turkish Cypriots declared an independent " Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus ", which has never been recognized by any country except Turkey and Pakistan.
In January 1996, Greece and Turkey came close to an armed confrontation over the question of which country had sovereignty over an islet in the Aegean.
On 24 January 2008, Greece's premier Costas Karamanlis visited Turkey a full 48 years after the last Greek premier and uncle of his Constantine Karamanlis had visited the neighboring country.
The proposed Syrian country includes Israel, Jordan, Iraq, Kuwait ; and southern Turkey, northern Egypt, and southwestern Iran.
It established camps in Turkey in 1922 to aid the country with an ongoing refugee crisis, helping to prevent disease and hunger.
Turkey is the only Muslim country located in the Middle East ( and one of two along with Israel ) that has abolished polygamy, which was officially criminalized with the adoption of the Turkish Civil Code in 1926, a milestone in Atatürk's secularist reforms.
The Gregorian Calendar was instituted in Russia by the Bolsheviks in 1917, Romania accepted it in 1919 under king Ferdinand of Romania ( 1 November 1919 became 14 November 1919 ), Turkey in 1923 under Ataturk, and the last Orthodox country to accept the calendar was Greece also in 1923.
There was a widespread recognition that something must be done, and " in 1858 Morse was awarded the sum of 400, 000 French francs ( equivalent to about $ 80, 000 at the time ) by the governments of France, Austria, Belgium, the Netherlands, Piedmont, Russia, Sweden, Tuscany and Turkey, each of which contributed a share according to the number of Morse instruments in use in each country.
The Syrian Arab Republic is an Arab country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest.
In 2011, Turkey overtook the United Kingdom to become the sixth most visited country.
The European portion of Turkey consists mainly of rolling plateau country well suited to agriculture.
The CIA classifies Turkey as a developed country.
Turkey is often classified as a newly industrialized country by economists and political scientists ; while Merrill Lynch, the World Bank and The Economist magazine describe Turkey as an emerging market economy.
The World Bank classifies Turkey as an upper-middle income country in terms of the country's per capita GDP in 2007.
As of 2008, there were 17, 502, 000 operational landline telephones in Turkey, which ranked 18th in the world ; while there were 65, 824, 000 registered mobile phones in the country, which ranked 15th in the world during the same year.
The largest mobile phone operators in the country are Turkcell, Vodafone Turkey, Avea and TTNET Mobil.
As of 2008, there were 24, 483, 000 internet users in Turkey, which ranked 15th in the world ; while as of 2009, there were 2, 961, 000 internet hosts in the country, which ranked 27th in the world.

Turkey and during
Following the Greco-Turkish War of 1919-1922, all remaining ethnic Anatolian Greeks were forced out during the 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey.
In the conferences during World War II, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin openly requested the concession of Soviet military bases on the Straits, even though Turkey was not involved in the war.
The economic achievements of Cyprus during the preceding decades have been significant, bearing in mind the severe economic and social dislocation created by the Turkish invasion of 1974 and the continuing occupation of the northern part of the island by Turkey.
Finally, Khrushchev was also reacting in part to the Jupiter intermediate-range ballistic missiles which the United States had installed in Turkey during April 1962.
The Allied landing and subsequent campaign on the peninsula during World War I is usually known in Turkey as the Battle of Çanakkale.
He established diplomatic relations with most major countries and, following a 1927 tour of Europe and Turkey ( during which he noted the modernization and secularization advanced by Atatürk ), introduced several reforms intended to modernize Afghanistan.
The Achaemenid dynasty of the Persian Empire, founded by Cyrus the Great, ruled an area from Greece and Turkey to the Indus River and Central Asia during the 6th to 4th centuries BC.
Moseley served as a technical officer in communications during the Battle of Gallipoli, in Turkey, beginning in April 1915, where he was killed in action on 10 August 1915.
Irenaeus was born during the first half of the 2nd century ( the exact date is disputed: between the years 115 and 125 according to some, or 130 and 142 according to others ), Irenaeus is thought to have been a Greek from Polycarp's hometown of Smyrna in Asia Minor, now İzmir, Turkey.
Mosques first arrived in the Ottoman Empire ( mostly present-day Turkey ) during the 11th century, when many local Turks converted to Islam.
More recent uses include: by France during the First Indochina War ( 1946 – 1954 ), the Algerian War ( 1954 – 1962 ), the Portuguese Colonial War ( 1961 – 1974 ) and the Western Sahara War ( 1975 – 1991 ), The Six-Day War by Israel ( 1967 ), in Nigeria ( 1969 ), India and Pakistan ( 1965 and 1971 ), Turkey during the invasion of Cyprus ( 1974 ), by Morocco during the Western Sahara War ( 1975 – 1991 ), Iran ( 1980 – 88 ), Brazil ( 1972 ), Egypt ( 1973 ), Iraq ( 1980 – 88, 1991, 2003 – 2011 ), Angola ( 1993 ), Yugoslavia ( 1991-1996 ), and by Argentina ( 1982 ).
Those educated in the schools established during the Tanzimat period included Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and other progressive leaders and thinkers of the Republic of Turkey and of many other former Ottoman states in the Balkans, the Middle East and North Africa.
Pergamon ( or ἡ Πέργαμος ), or Pergamum, was an ancient Greek city in modern-day Turkey, in Aeolis, today located from the Aegean Sea on a promontory on the north side of the river Caicus ( modern day Bakırçay ), that became the capital of the Kingdom of Pergamon during the Hellenistic period, under the Attalid dynasty, 281 – 133 BC.
The literary historian E. J. W. Gibb observed that " at no time, even in Turkey, was greater encouragement given to poetry than during the reign of this Sultan ".
Also during the 15th century, chopines were created in Turkey, and were usually 7-8 inches ( 17. 7-20. 3 cm ) high.
It met in AD 787 in Nicaea ( site of the First Council of Nicaea ; present-day İznik in Turkey ) to restore the use and veneration of icons ( or, holy images ), which had been suppressed by imperial edict inside the Byzantine Empire during the reign of Leo III ( 717 – 741 ).
Under the agreement, most members of the sizable Greek-speaking community of western Turkey were forced to resettle in Greece, while the majority of the Turkish-speaking residents of Thrace who were not forced out during the Balkan wars were removed to Turkey.
European Union officials welcomed the AK Party's sweeping victory, describing it as " a mandate for the reforms it wants Turkey to complete during its membership talks.
) They were followed by other small-scale private banks established between 1994 and 1995, during the DYP government of Prime Minister Tansu Çiller, who introduced drastic changes to the banking laws and regulations ; which made it very easy to establish a bank in Turkey, but also opened many loopholes in the system.
Negotiations were undertaken during the Conference of Lausanne at which İsmet İnönü was the chief negotiator for Turkey.

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