Under the Frankish rule, Parma became the capital of a county ( 774 ).

Under Charlemagne, the Saxon Wars had as their chief object the conversion and integration of the Saxons into the Frankish empire.

Under the latter, they were governed by Frankish law, not their own.

Under Carolingian pressure, Cerdanya became a Frankish vassal about 785.

Under Frankish rule, the villages of the district of Kyrenia became feudal estates and the town became once again the administrative and commercial centre for its region.

Under king Childeric I, who was buried or reburied there, Tournai was the capital of the Frankish empire.

Under the Roman trappings of iudex provincialis or defensor civitatis, the historian of early medieval Raetia, Elizabeth Meyer-Marthaler, recognized the public officials common throughout the Frankish empire.

Under a series of dukes that began under the child king Louis IV in 903, the Lotharingians frequently swapped allegiance between the East and West Frankish kings.

Under Theodoric Septimania had been safe from Frankish assault, but was raided by Childebert I twice ( 531 and 541 ).

Under the Frankish Empire, the Rheintal between Montstein and Hirschensprung was given to the Rhinegraviate ( the county of the Rheingau ), and its first recorded mention is in 891 ; the area between Lake Constance and Montstein was a part of the Thurgau.

Under the nearly continuous campaigns of Charles Martel, Pepin the Short, and Charlemagne — father, son, grandson — the greatest expansion of the Frankish empire was secured by the early 9th century.

Under the Longobards, Bellinzona became the site of a permanent garrison to protect the region from raids by the neighboring Frankish and Alemannic tribes.

Under Frankish rule, there were about 20 archbishops in the 14-15th centuries.

Under Erispoe's successor Salomon, Hastein's Vikings and the Bretons united as one in 865 to defeat a Frankish army at the Battle of Brissarthe, near modern-day Le Mans.

Under King Clovis I in the late 5th century and early 6th centuries, Frankish dominions quadrupled as they managed to defeat successive opponents for control of Gaul.

Under the early Frankish kings some comites did not exercise any definite functions ; they were merely attached to the king's person and executed his orders.

Under the Merovingian and Carolingian dynasties, Frankish rule expanded from the region around Limbourg to cover larger areas, and eventually began to replace roman imperial rule.

Under this, the bulk of the Frankish territory went to Louis ' eldest son, Lothair ; Bernard received no further territory, and although his Kingship of Italy was confirmed, he would be a vassal of Lothair.

Under the present-day Catholic church lay Frankish and medieval graves without any grave goods as well as broken pieces of Badorf Ceramic and Roman bricks.

Under the act polygamy was illegal, and inheritance and succession would be governed by the Indian Succession Act, rather than the respective Muslim Personal Law.

Under Salic law, where inheritance of territory was restricted to the male line, the succession of George and his brothers to the territories of their father and uncle now seemed secure.

Under both a waqf and a trust, " property is reserved, and its usufruct appropriated, for the benefit of specific individuals, or for a general charitable purpose ; the corpus becomes inalienable ; estates for life in favor of successive beneficiaries can be created " and " without regard to the law of inheritance or the rights of the heirs ; and continuity is secured by the successive appointment of trustees or mutawillis.

Under the feudal system of medieval Europe, primogeniture generally governed the inheritance of land held in military tenure ( see knight ).

Under Mesopotamian law, their freedom enjoined them from laying claim to any inheritance that Abraham and Sarah had.

Under the royalist constitution of Finland during the first half of 1918, Lapland was to become a Grand Principality and part of the inheritance of the proposed king of Finland.

Under Mesopotamian law, their freedom absolved them from laying claim to any inheritance that Abraham and Sarah had.

Under English inheritance law all daughters are co-heirs, so many older English peerage titles have fallen into abeyance between various female co-heirs.

Under inheritance law, sisters have an equal right to inherit ; there is no special inheritance right due for an eldest sister, as there is for an eldest son.

: Under the policy of priority inheritance, whenever a high priority task has to wait for some resource shared with an executing low priority task, the low priority task is temporarily assigned the priority of the highest waiting priority task for the duration of its own use of the shared resource, thus keeping medium priority tasks from pre-empting the ( originally ) low priority task, and thereby affecting the waiting high priority task as well.

Under French inheritance laws, vineyard holdings were often split until offspring owned no more than a single row of grapes, not enough to fill a barrel.

Under the former Emperor Haile Selassie, Muslim communities could bring matters of personal and family Law and inheritance before Islamic courts ; many did so and probably continued to do so under the revolutionary regime.

Under the doctrine, any gift that the maker of the will ( the testator ) gives during his lifetime to a named beneficiary of the will is presumptively treated as a satisfaction of that beneficiary's inheritance.

Under his leadership the SCU mixed Pugliese interests and opportunities with ' Ndrangheta and Camorra traditions.

Under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, the UK Government has committed to the promotion of certain linguistic traditions.

Under English rule, sea shanties, open-air singing gardens, sometimes with fireworks, ballads and other Anglo-Irish traditions became widespread.

Under the inspiration of noted traditional bandurist Heorhiy Tkachenko a Kobzar Guild was re-established in 1991 in Kiev by Mykola Budnyk in order to revive and foster the ancient kobzar traditions.

Under his leadership, the court moved away from the legalism and conservative traditions which had characterised the Dixon and Barwick courts.

Under the influence of literary friends such as the writer Shimazaki Toson, Yanagita published works supposedly based on local oral traditions such as Tales of Tono ( 1912 ).

Under the auspices of the one country, two systems policy after 1997, when sovereignty of the former British crown colony was transferred to the People's Republic of China, the territory has continued to be common law jurisdiction, and English legal traditions have been preserved.

Under the aegis of the ' Abbasid caliph Al-Mansur, Ibn Ishaq collected oral traditions that formed the basis of the most important biography of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

Under Sharia law non-Muslim southerners were forced to obey Islamic laws and traditions.

Under Ottoman rule the major religious groups were allowed to establish their own self-governing communities, called millets, each retaining its own religious laws, traditions, and language under the general protection of the sultan.

Under St. Gregory Palamas ( 1296 – 1359AD ), the different traditions of theoria were synthesized into an understanding of theoria that, through baptism, one receives the Holy Spirit.

Under Roman rule, individual nomes minted their own coinage, the so-called " nome coins ," which still reflect individual local associations and traditions.

Under Sarfatti ’ s leadership, the group sought to renew Italian art by rejecting European avant-garde movements and embracing Italy ’ s artistic traditions.

Under Vedic Hindu traditions marriage is viewed as one of the saṁskāras ( sacraments ), which is a lifelong commitment of one wife and one husband.

Instead, these traditions serve to bind the brothers together such that any Brother Under Christ from across the country can feel welcome and among his brothers.

Under their management the hotel and its mountaineering traditions develop once again.

Under Kashta's reign, the native Kushite population of his kingdom, situated between the third and fourth Cataracts of the Nile, became rapidly ' Egyptianized ' and adopted Egyptian traditions, religion and culture.

Under feudal system there was no competition between different religious traditions as authority resided in sword and generally there were no inter-religious tensions among the people of different religions.