Under this perspective, organised crime is not a modern phenomenon-the construction of 17th and 18th century crime gangs fulfil all the present day criteria of criminal organisations ( in clear opposition to the Alien Conspiracy Theory ).

Under this perspective, and noting the necessity of a reliable context of interaction being available, the data on how altruism is mediated in social mammals is readily made sense of.

Under U. S. law, religious education is forbidden in public schools, except from a neutral, academic perspective.

2: The Noise of Conflict, 1919-1941 ( 1991 ); Modern American Religion, Volume 3: Under God, Indivisible, 1941-1960 ( 1999 ), perspective by leading Protestant historian

Under the leadership of general secretary George Hewison ( 1988 – 92 ), the leadership of the CPC and a segment of its general membership began to abandon Marxism-Leninism as the basis of the Party's revolutionary perspective, and ultimately moved to liquidate the Party itself, seeking to replace it with a left, social democratic entity.

Under this perspective, interaction includes responses to human physical manipulation like movement, body language, and / or changes in mental states.

Under the leadership of Mu, Xinhua endeavoured to give the world a Chinese voice, by developing its own perspective.

Under V the IPC system appears to be conceptually modeled on remote procedure calls ( RPC ) from the client application's perspective.

Under the supervision of the Polish psychologist Piotr Oleś, a group of researchers constructed a questionnaire method, called the Initial Questionnaire, for the measurement of three types of “ internal activity ” ( a ) change of perspective, ( b ) monologue and ( c ) dialogue.

Under his reign Michelangelo re-built the basilica of Santa Maria degli Angeli ( in the Diocletian's Baths ) and the eponymous Villa Pia, now known as Casina Pio IV and headquarters of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, was designed by Pirro Ligorio in the Vatican Gardens.

Under Hughton, Newcastle enjoyed a strong start to the 2010 – 11 season, recording famous wins against Aston Villa, Arsenal and archrivals Sunderland.

Under the suburb of Rusovce, the remains of the Roman border town Gerulata have been excavated, as well as cemeteries and farming background of the town ( Villa Rusticas ).

Under player-manager Jon Chambers ( ex Aston Villa ) in 1983 Harriers were promoted to the Alliance Premier League ( now the Conference ) after finishing second to AP Leamington, who were refused entry on ground facility issues.

Under current owner Randy Lerner, there have been discussions on changing the name of Witton Station to Villa Park as is the case with West Bromwich Albion's local railway station, The Hawthorns.

Under McGregor's leadership, Aston Villa won their first trophy, the Birmingham Senior Cup, in 1880, shortly after which McGregor became the club's president.

Under Josef Venglos, the first top flight manager to hail from the European mainland, McGrath became a consistent mainstay of the Villa line up.

Under the plaza along with the Centro Cultural de la Villa de Madrid ( Madrid City Cultural Centre ) lies a stop for a special shuttle that takes passengers to Barajas Airport.

Under the influence of the queen Catherine de ' Medici, it started a dialogue with the proponents of this new religion while staying implacable against agitators.

Under the influence of queen Catherine de ' Medici and " averaging " council members, the government tried to ease tensions with the concord policy.

Under de Thou, the library was enriched by the collections of Queen Catherine de Medici.

Under the mediation of the papal legate Cardinal Alessandro de ' Medici — the future Pope Leo XI — Spain and France concluded the Peace of Vervins on 2 May 1598.

Under Lorenzo, the Medici rule was formalized with the creation of a new Council of Seventy, which Lorenzo headed.

Under the Medici, Tuscany thrived.

Under the command of Pope Clement VII, Guicciardini was assigned the task of punishing the Florentine citizens for their resistance to the Medici, dealing out justice mercilessly to those who had opposed the will of the Pope.

Under no circumstances could we mistake one for the other ; ;

Under this anything passed by the assembly or even proposed but not yet voted on, could be put on hold for review before a jury — which might annul it and perhaps punish the proposer as well.

Under the Alford plea, the defendant admits that sufficient evidence exists with which the prosecution could likely convince a judge or jury to find the defendant guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.

Under these rules, if a man went down and could not continue after a count of 30 seconds, the fight was over.

Under the legislation that created the 26 districts of Northern Ireland, a district council whose area included an existing municipal borough could resolve to adopt the charter of the old municipality and thus continue to enjoy borough status.

Under this point of view, often attributed to James McClelland and David Rumelhart, the mind could be characterized as a set of complex associations, represented as a layered network.

Under the pretext that new elections could not be held in Communist-occupied constituencies, the National Assembly, Legislative Yuan, and Control Yuan members held their posts indefinitely.

Under Java or C ++ the visibility of an object is defined in the code itself, meaning that to support a similar change the programmer would be forced to re-write the definitions completely, and could not have two versions at the same time.

Under the " Bruton rule ", Misskelley's confession could not be admitted against his co-defendants and thus he was tried separately.

Under the 1991 constitution, in the event of the president's death, the Prime Minister, the National Assembly president, and the defense minister were to share power until a new election could be held.

Under Roman law, a former gladiator could not " offer such services those of a gladiator after manumission, because they cannot be performed without endangering life.

During this decade Hackman also could be seen in Reds, Under Fire, Hoosiers, Power, Uncommon Valor and Bat * 21.

Under the directive the gallon could still be used – but only as a supplementary or secondary unit.

Under the Basic Law, electoral law could be amended to allow for this as soon as 2007 ( Hong Kong Basic Law Annex. 1, Sect. 7 ).

Under Mahathir bin Mohamad ’ s long Prime Ministership ( 1981 – 2003 ), Malaysia ’ s political culture became increasingly centralized and authoritarian, due to Mahathir's belief that the multiethnic Malaysia could only remain stable through controlled democracy.

Under the Golden Bull, a majority of electors sufficed to elect a king, and each elector could cast only one vote.

Under his direction, a new and much lighter ship was developed, the caravel, which could sail further and faster.

Under this new test only perpetrators suffering from severe mental illnesses at the time of the crime could successfully employ the insanity defense.

Under the monopsonistic assumption, an appropriately set minimum wage could increase both wages and employment, with the optimal level being equal to the marginal productivity of labor.

Under protest from the PLO, Iraq, and Libya, who claimed that because Abu Daoud was traveling to a PLO comrade's funeral he should receive diplomatic immunity, the French government refused a West German extradition request on grounds that forms had not been filled in properly, and put him on a plane to Algeria before Germany could submit another request.

Under Abel's guidance, the prevailing obscurities of analysis began to be cleared, new fields were entered upon and the study of functions so advanced as to provide mathematicians with numerous ramifications along which progress could be made.

Under the 1830 Act any householder who paid rates could apply, with a one-off payment of two guineas ( roughly equal in value to £ today ), to sell beer or cider in his home ( usually the front parlour ) and even to brew his own on his premises.

Under the current circumstances, Innocent VII could not guarantee safe passage to his rival Benedict XIII in the event he came to the council in Rome.

Under territorial jurisdiction, pure in personam jurisdiction could only be established by serving notice upon the individual while that individual was within the territory of the state.