Up to the Second World War, like many other cities in Europe, Częstochowa had a significant Jewish population: according to Russian census of 1897, out of the total population of 45, 130, Jews constituted 12, 000 ( so around 26 % percent ).

Up to the Second World War, like many other cities in interwar Poland, Radom had a significant Jewish population.

Up to the Second World War, like many other cities in Europe, Kielce had a significant Jewish population: according to the Russian census of 1897, out of the total population of 23, 200, Jews constituted 6, 400 ,( around 27 % percent ).

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