Up to the turn of the century, contraception was condemned by all Christian churches as immoral, unnatural and contrary to divine law.

Up until the 18th century, amethyst was included in the cardinal, or most valuable, gemstones ( along with diamond, sapphire, ruby, and emerald ).

Up to the twelfth or thirteenth century, the duty of the Apostolic-or Roman Chancery was to prepare and expedite the pontifical letters and writs for collation of church dignities and other matters of grave importance which were discussed and decided in Consistory.

Up until the 14th century European mail was made of alternating rows of riveted rings and solid rings.

Up until the early 20th century, the trumpet and cornet coexisted in musical ensembles.

Up to the discoveries of bulk amethyst in Brazil in the 19th century, amethyst was considered a precious stone as well, going back to ancient Greece.

Up until the mid-3rd century, the Roman state ’ s payments appear to have been unbalanced, with far more products sent to Britain, to support its large military force ( which had reached c. 53, 000 by the mid-2nd century ), than were extracted from the island.

Up to the 7th century, this journey was intended for religious reasons by the pagan Arabs to pay homage to their shrine, and to drink from the Zamzam Well.

Up to the 18th century, the instrument was called in Italian, the language used in writing music, whereas the instrument we today call the flute was called.

Up until the mid-twentieth century, the use of the word Adoshem, combining the first two syllables of " Adonai " with the last syllable of " Hashem "', was quite common.

Up to the 13th century the Scandinavians and Henry of Livonia in his chronicle called the town Lindanisa: Lyndanisse in Danish, Lindanäs in Swedish, also mentioned as Ledenets in Old East Slavic.

* Probably 3rd century – Jonah Swallowed and Jonah Cast Up, two statuettes of a group from the eastern Mediterranean, probably Asia Minor, are made.

Up until the 12th century AD, it was the lingua franca of the Irrawaddy valley — not only in the Mon kingdoms of the lower Irrawaddy valley but also of upriver Burman kingdom of Pagan ( Bagan ).

Up until the early 20th century, it was mainly visited by the European royals and elites, including Emperor Wilhelm II of Germany and Empress Elisabeth of Austria ; today it is also widely visited by middle class families ( primarily from the UK, Scandinavia and Germany ), leading to mass tourism.

Up to his final work, he appeared to be the physicist who most sought that dimension of action which Max Planck, at the beginning of the 20th century, had shown to be the only universal unity ( with his dimension of entropy ).

Up until the 18th century they were more properly known as les Vichois which stems from the Occitan name of the town, Vichèi.

Up until the 20th century, there were influential movements of Serb Catholics in Dubrovnik, Muslim Serbs, as well as Protestants in Vojvodina.

The term " lucifer " persisted as slang in the 20th century ( for example in the First World War song Pack Up Your Troubles ) and in the Netherlands and Belgium today matches are still called lucifers.

Up until the mid-20th century, in much of the United States, an attorney often had to follow an objection with an exception to preserve the issue for appeal.

Up until the late nineteenth century the play's themes were considered far too gruesome to be studied and appreciated.

All Fours, also known as High-Low-Jack or Seven Up, is an English tavern trick-taking card game that was popular as a gambling game until the end of the 19th century.

Up to the twelfth century, most manuscripts were produced in monasteries in order to add to the library or after receiving a commission from a wealthy patron.

Up to at least the late 19th century, Camden Town was considered an " unfashionable " locality.

Up to now, Gorton had been looking for trouble, and now that he was trying to get away from it, trouble started looking for him.

Up until recently, this heat pump method of warming air was efficient only in areas of mild winters and when outside temperatures were above 40 degrees.

Up to date, however, his garden was still more or less of a mess, he hadn't even started his workshop and if there was a meadow pond in the neighborhood he hadn't found it.

It was heard again in Philadelphia in 1927 in the first version of `` Strike Up The Band '' and again abandoned shortly before the entire show was given up.

( Still another song in `` Strike Up The Band '' -- `` I've Got A Crush On You '' -- was retrieved from a 1928 failure, `` Treasure Girl ''.

Up to the time of the revolution the promise was, " to be true and faithful to the king and his heirs, and truth and faith to bear of life and limb and terrene honour, and not to know or hear of any ill or damage intended him without defending him therefrom.

Up front, he paid $ 1, 500 of the total $ 1, 800 value of the property ; the rest was meant to be paid by the Alcotts over a two year period.

ASU's undergraduate program is ranked 65th for public universities and 132nd of 280 " national universities " by the 2012 US News and World Report ranking of US colleges and universities ; and, for the fourth year in a row, ASU was ranked in the top 10 for " Up and Coming " universities in the US, for substantial improvements to academics and facilities.

Up until World War I some armies made artillery responsible for all forward ammunition supply because the load of small arms ammunition was trivial compared to artillery.

Up until World War II it was still possible to regard the city as being a settlement of narrow streets localized to some part of the harbor or the Gulf of Ajaccio ; such bucolic descriptions do not fit the city of today, and travellogues intended for mountain or coastal recreational areas do not generally apply to Corsica's few big cities.

( Howerd went on to star in Up Pompeii !, a 1969 British television comedy series set in ancient Pompeii, as the slave Lurcio, whose character was based on Pseudolus.

Julie Manet became the subject for many of her mother's paintings and a book of her memoirs Growing Up with the Impressionists: The Diary of Julie Manet, was published in 1987.

Up until that point the official Christian presence in the region was Greek Orthodox.

On his father's final years and death, Chaplin's son Eugene stated in a 2002 interview that " Up to the age of 85 he was in really good health.

File: Velociraptor dinoguy2. jpg | Up to 2 m-long Velociraptor was likely feathered and roamed the late Cretaceous.

* He played a bank robber named " Malcolm Y " in an unused plotline for the movie Anchorman: The Legend of Ron Burgundy, which was eventually released straight-to-DVD as Wake Up, Ron Burgundy: The Lost Movie.

This remix was itself sampled in the remix of " Pump Up the Volume " by MARRS that reached # 1 in the UK, also in October 1987.

One of these, " Surrender into the Roses " ( also known as " Carmilla " and " Coming Up ") was inspired by the tale.

His feature film debut was in producer Samuel Goldwyn's Technicolor 1944 comedy Up in Arms, a remake of Goldwyn's Eddie Cantor comedy Whoopee!