In 1702, ' Addiscombe Place ' was built to John Vanbrugh's design.

However, Vanbrugh's design was not completed: the West Wing was built in a contrasting Palladian style to a design by the 3rd Earl's son-in-law, Sir Thomas Robinson.

There are two approaches to the palace's grand entrance, one from the long straight drive through wrought iron gates directly into the Great Court, while the other, equally if not more impressive, betrays Vanbrugh's true vision: the palace as a bastion or strong citadel, the true monument and home to a great warrior.

Vanbrugh's severe massed Baroque used at Blenheim never truly caught the public imagination, and was quickly superseded by the revival of the Palladian style.

* Castle Howard, North Yorkshire: Vanbrugh's Baroque palace.

Blenheim Palace (" John Vanbrugh's castle air ") West facade showing the unique severe towering stone belvedere ( structure ) | belvederes ornamenting the skyline.

At Blenheim Palace | Blenheim Brown dammed the paltry stream flowing under Vanbrugh's Grand Bridge, drowning half the structure with improved results

He then worked for a time with Sir John Vanbrugh, helping him build Blenheim Palace for John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, where he took charge from 1705, after Vanbrugh's final break with the demanding Duchess of Marlborough, and Castle Howard for Charles Howard, later the 3rd Earl of Carlisle.

On the modern stage, The Relapse has been established as one of the most popular Restoration comedies, valued for Vanbrugh's light, throwaway wit and the consummate acting part of Lord Foppington, a burlesque character with a dark side.

However, Vanbrugh's play is also affected by the taste of the 1690s, and compared to a play like the courtier William Wycherley's The Country Wife of 20 years earlier, with its celebration of predatory aristocratic masculinity, The Relapse contains quite a few moments of morality and uplift.

Vanbrugh's The Relapse is less sentimental and more analytical than Love's Last Shift, subjecting both the reformed husband and the virtuous wife to fresh temptations, and having them react with more psychological realism.

Cibber's performance in it was received with even greater acclaim than in his own play, Vanbrugh's Lord Foppington being a larger and, in the estimation of both contemporaries and modern critics, much funnier part than Sir Novelty Fashion.

From 1777 Vanbrugh's original was replaced on the stage by Sheridan's A Trip to Scarborough, a close adaptation but with some " covering ", as the prologue explains, drawn over Vanbrugh's " too bare " wit:

During the first half of the 20th century The Relapse was relatively neglected, along with other Restoration drama, and experts are uncertain about exactly when Vanbrugh's original again resurged to prominence on the stage and thereby marginalized Sheridan's version.

This format, with the quarters of the owner at the elevated center of their own world, found resonance as a prototype for Italian villas and later for the country estates of the British nobility ( such as Lord Burlington's Chiswick House, Vanbrugh's Blenheim, Walpole's Houghton Hall, and Adam's Kedleston Hall and Paxton House in Scotland ).

By 1720, Vanbrugh's direct connection with the theatre had been terminated, but the leases and rents had been transferred to both his own family and that of his wife's through a series of trusts and benefices, with Vanbrugh himself building a new home in Greenwich.

She and her husband remained with the depleted parent troupe when the senior actors walked out to set up their own cooperative company, and during the consequent brief actor shortage at Drury Lane, she played more important parts, notably Flareit in Colley Cibber's Love's Last Shift and young Tom Fashion ( as a breeches role ) in John Vanbrugh's The Relapse in 1697.

Since opening the Vanbrugh Theatre, drama productions have increased, with a sixth-form drama production of Waiting for Godot, Vanbrugh's " The Country House ", " Macbeth ", " Sheherazade ", " Jekyll and Hyde ", and an improvised drama evening " Cooking up a recipe for Drama ".

However, Vanbrugh's artistic plans were threatened by a cutthroat struggle between London's two theatre companies, each of which was " seducing " actors from the other.

This symmetrical balancing and equal weight given to both spiritual and physical nourishment would no doubt have appealed to Vanbrugh's renowned sense of humour, if not the Duchess's.

* November 21 – John Vanbrugh's Relapse or Virtue in Danger premieres in London.

She joined the Bristol Old Vic Company in January 1950, appearing as Phebe in As You Like It, Anni in Denis Cannan's Captain Carvallo and Belinda in John Vanbrugh's The Provok'd Wife.

A view of John Vanbrugh's complete project for Castle Howard, from the north, published in the third volume of Vitruvius Britannicus in 1725.

John Vanbrugh's Blenheim Palace.

More aware than her husband of the precarious state of the financial aid they were receiving, she attempted to curb Vanbrugh's grandiose ideas, in an arrogant fashion ( as was her wont ) rather than explain the true reasons behind her frugality.

Vanbrugh's reputation was irreparably damaged, and he received no further truly great public commissions.

The craftsmen brought in by the Duchess, under the guidance of furniture designer James Moore, and Vanbrugh's assistant architect Hawksmoor, completed the work in perfect imitation of the greater masters, so there was fault and intransigence on both sides in this famed argument.

Vanbrugh's assistant Hawksmoor was recalled and in 1723 designed the " Arch of Triumph ", based on the Arch of Titus, at the entrance to the park from Woodstock.

" Another of Vanbrugh's schemes was the great parterre, nearly half a mile long and as wide as the south front.

The lake was narrowed at the point of Vanbrugh's grand bridge, but the three small canal-like streams trickling underneath it were completely absorbed by one river-like stretch.

Vanbrugh's subtle rivalry to Louis XIV's great palace was now completely undermined, as the interiors became mere pastiches of those of the greater palace.

* Blenheim Palace, Oxfordshire: Vanbrugh's monument to the 1st Duke of Marlborough and England.

Born in London and baptised on 24 January 1664, Vanbrugh was the fourth child ( of 19 ), and eldest surviving son, of Giles Vanbrugh, a London cloth-merchant of Flemish-Protestant background, and his wife Elizabeth, widow of Thomas Barker ( by whom Vanbrugh's mother had the first of her twenty children, Vanbrugh's elder half-sister, Elizabeth ), and daughter of Sir Dudley Carleton, of Imber Court, Thames Ditton, Surrey.

Downes ' example of one sugar baker's house in Liverpool, estimated to bring in £ 40, 000 a year in trade from Barbados, throws a new light on Vanbrugh's social background, one rather different from the picture of a backstreet Chester sweetshop as painted by Leigh Hunt in 1840 and reflected in many later accounts.

In order to dispel the myth of Vanbrugh's low origins, Downes took pains to explore Vanbrugh's background, closely examining the family and connexions of each of his four grandparents: Vanbrugh, Jacobs or Jacobson, Carleton, and Croft, summing up the characteristics of each line and concluding that, far from being of lower middle class origins, Vanbrugh was descended from Anglo-Flemish or Netherlandish Protestant merchants who settled in London in the 16th and 17th centuries, minor courtiers, and country gentry.

The Precision Bass ( or " P-bass ") evolved from a simple, uncontoured " slab " body design similar to that of a Telecaster with a single coil pickup, to a contoured body design with beveled edges for comfort and a single four-pole " single coil pickup.

In some countries, particularly the USA and Canada, buses used to transport school children have evolved into a specific design with specified mandatory features.

The hardwired approach has become less popular as computers have evolved as at one time, control units for CPUs were ad-hoc logic, and they were difficult to design.

At this time a further design evolved, reintroducing oars to create the galley frigate such as the Charles Galley of 1676 which was rated as a 32-gun fifth rate but also had a bank of 40 oars set below the upper deck which could be used to propel the ship in the absence of a favourable wind.

For Hemispheres, his backline had evolved into a configuration of Ashly preamps, BGW power amps, Ampeg V4b cabinets, and Thiele design cabinets which were run in stereo with his 4001 bass.

Irreducible complexity ( IC ) is an argument by proponents of intelligent design that certain biological systems are too complex to have evolved from simpler, or " less complete " predecessors, through natural selection acting upon a series of advantageous naturally occurring, chance mutations.

The modern stylised Tube map evolved from a design by electrical engineer Harry Beck in 1933.

The longship ’ s design evolved over many years, beginning in the Stone Age with the invention of the umiak and continuing up to the 9th century with the Nydam and Kvalsund ships.

Over the course of his career he evolved the basic design into a weapons family.

Biological evolution proceeds by random variation in ensemble averages of organisms combined with culling of the less-successful variants and reproduction of the more-successful variants, and macroscale engineering design also proceeds by a process of design evolution from simplicity to complexity as set forth somewhat satirically by John Gall: " A complex system that works is invariably found to have evolved from a simple system that worked.

From this the Old Catholic Church in the United States evolved into local and regional self-governing dioceses and provinces along the design of St. Ignatius of Antioch-a network of Communities.

Various aspects of OSI design evolved from experiences with the ARPANET, the fledgling Internet, NPLNET, EIN, CYCLADES network and the work in IFIP WG6. 1.

Over the 19th century, bullet design also evolved, the bullets becoming gradually smaller and lighter.

Cartridge design evolved from simple paper tubes containing black powder and shot, to sealed brass cases with integral primers for ignition, while black powder itself was replaced with cordite, and then other nitro-cellulose-based smokeless powder mixtures, propelling bullets to higher velocities than before.

This odd design was eventually modified to become a traditional submachine gun, the OVP 1918 that evolved into the Beretta 1918 after the end of World War I.

Bartholdi made alterations in the design as the project evolved.

The uchigatana was derived from the tachi and was the predecessor to the katana as the battle-blade of feudal Japan's bushi ( warrior class ), and as it evolved into the later design, the tachi and the uchigatana were often differentiated from each other only by how they were worn, the fittings for the blades, and the location of the signature ( mei ).

The design of museums has evolved throughout history.

When the concept of the U. S. space station evolved into that of the International Space Station, which suffered from long delays and design changes before it could be completed, the service life of the Space Shuttle was extended several times until 2011 when it was finally retired — serving at least 15 years longer than it was originally designed to do.

Use cases evolved out of object-oriented analysis ; however, their use as a modeling tool has become common in many other methodologies for system analysis and design.

This design evolved to the drum-type altimeter, where each revolution of a single needle accounted for 1, 000 feet, with thousand foot increments recorded on a numerical odometer-type drum.

As the market evolved, however, despite the failure of MCA, IBM derived a considerable income from license fees from companies who paid for licenses to use IBM patents that were in the PC design — to the extent that IBM's emphasis changed from discouraging PC clones to maximizing its revenue from license sales.

The BAe ATP ( Advanced Turbo Prop ) design evolved from the Avro 748 and examples continue in use on shorter, mainly domestic, scheduled air services.