In keeping with the times, much of anthropology became politicized through the Algerian War of Independence and opposition to the Vietnam War ; Marxism became an increasingly popular theoretical approach in the discipline.

Attempts to accuse anthropologists of complicity with the CIA and government intelligence activities during the Vietnam War years have turned up surprisingly little ( although anthropologist Hugo Nutini was active in the stillborn Project Camelot ).

Hunter S. Thompson's Fear and Loathing in America: The Brutal Odyssey of an Outlaw Journalist, which contains hundreds of private letters written by Thompson over the years, contains a letter in which he uses A Modest Proposals satire technique against the Vietnam War.

* 1972 – Vietnam War: Easter Offensive – American forces begin sustained air strikes and naval bombardments.

The Vietnam War formally ends with the unconditional surrender of South Vietnamese president Duong Van Minh.

* 1964 – Vietnam War: Gulf of Tonkin incident – North Vietnamese gunboats allegedly fire on the U. S. destroyers and.

* 1964 – Vietnam War: the U. S. Congress passes the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution giving U. S. President Lyndon B. Johnson broad war powers to deal with North Vietnamese attacks on American forces.

* 1967 – Vietnam War: China agrees to give North Vietnam an undisclosed amount of aid in the form of a grant.

In the 1960s with the African American Civil Rights Movement and opposition to the Vietnam War, the song took on a political tone.

Collins connected it to the Vietnam War, to which she objected: " I didn't know what else to do about the war in Vietnam.

Although Collins used it as a catharsis for her opposition to the Vietnam War, two years after her rendition, the Royal Scots Dragoon Guards, senior Scottish regiment of the British Army, recorded an instrumental version featuring a bagpipe soloist accompanied by a pipe and drum band.

* 1970 – Vietnam War: United States and South Vietnamese forces invade Cambodia to hunt Viet Cong.

* 1975 – Vietnam War: Operation Frequent Wind: The U. S. begins to evacuate U. S. citizens from Saigon prior to an expected North Vietnamese takeover.

* 1973 – Vietnam War: The United States bombing of Cambodia ends.

* 1964 – Vietnam War: A coup d ' état replaces Duong Van Minh with General Nguyen Khanh as President of South Vietnam.

* 1966 – Vietnam War: The House Un-American Activities Committee begins investigations of Americans who have aided the Viet Cong.

* 1965 – Vietnam War: Operation Starlite begins – United States Marines destroy a Viet Cong stronghold on the Van Tuong peninsula in the first major American ground battle of the war.

* 1966 – Vietnam War: the Battle of Long Tan ensues after a patrol from the 6th Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment clashes with a Viet Cong force in Phuoc Tuy province.

* 1971 – Vietnam War: Australia and New Zealand decide to withdraw their troops from Vietnam.

* 1972 – Vietnam War: The Battle of An Lộc begins.

In late 1954, Gen. J. Lawton Collins was made ambassador to " Free Vietnam " ( the term South Vietnam came into use in 1955 ), effectively elevating the country to sovereign status.

The line of emperors came to an end with Bảo Đại, who was deposed after the war, although he later served as head of state of South Vietnam from 1949 to 1955.

* 1955 – Operation Passage to Freedom, the evacuation of 310, 000 Vietnamese civilians, soldiers and non-Vietnamese members of the French Army from communist North Vietnam to South Vietnam following the end of the First Indochina War, ends.

* 1955 – Ngô Đình Diệm declares himself Premier of South Vietnam.

** The Vietnam War ( 1955 – 1975 )

Vice Admiral Mustin, a 1955 graduate of the U. S. Naval Academy, is a decorated Vietnam veteran who served in the 1980s as the Naval Inspector General, Commander, Second Fleet and Deputy Chief of Naval Operations for Plans and Policy.

The Leading-Edge Baby Boomers are individuals born between 1946 and 1955, those who came of age during the Vietnam War era.

The USSR defeated the nationalist Hungarian Revolution of 1956, and the USA precipitated the US – Vietnam War ( 1965 – 1975 ) by participating in the Vietnamese Civil War ( 1955 – 1965 ) that the National Liberation Front fought against the Republic of Vietnam, the Asian client state of the United States.

Ngô Đình Diệm (; 3 January 1901 – 2 November 1963 ) was the first president of South Vietnam ( 1955 – 1963 ).

South Vietnam was a state which governed southern Vietnam from Saigon during the years of 1955 to 1975.

* 1955 – 75 Republic of Vietnam ( Việt Nam Cộng Hòa ).

In July 1955, Diệm announced in a broadcast that South Vietnam would not participate in the elections specified in the Geneva accords.

On 26 October 1955, Diệm declared himself the president of the newly proclaimed Republic of Vietnam.

After suppressing Vietminh political cadres who were legally campaigning between 1955 and 1959 for the promised elections, Diem faced a growing communist-led uprising that intensified by 1961, headed by the National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam ( NLF or, derogatively, Viet Cong ).

In 1955, the Vietnamese Catholic leader Ngo Dinh Diem, encouraged by the United States, declared the creation of South Vietnam ( Republic of Vietnam ) in the southern part of Vietnam.

He was the chief of state of the State of Vietnam ( South Vietnam ) from 1949 until 1955.

In 1949 the former emperor became " Head of State " of the State of Vietnam, was not crowned, and was ousted by his Prime Minister Ngo Dinh Diem in a fraudulent 1955 referendum, and spent the rest of his life in exile.

* 1945 – August Revolution: Viet Minh led by Ho Chi Minh take power in Hanoi, Vietnam.

* 1963 – Xá Lợi Pagoda raids: the Army of the Republic of Vietnam Special Forces loyal to Ngo Dinh Nhu, brother of President Ngo Dinh Diem, vandalizes Buddhist pagodas across the country, arresting thousands and leaving an estimated hundreds dead.

* 1970 – Vietnam War: U. S. President Richard M. Nixon formally authorizes American combat troops to fight communist sanctuaries in Cambodia.

* 1972 – Vietnam War: Increased American bombing in Vietnam prompts anti-war protests in Los Angeles, New York City, and San Francisco.

* 1975 – Vietnam War: Thousands of civilian refugees flee from the Quang Ngai Province in front of advancing North Vietnamese troops.