( Wertham's claim that Wonder Woman had a bondage subtext was somewhat better documented, as her creator William Moulton Marston had admitted as much ; however, Wertham also claimed that Wonder Woman's strength and independence made her a lesbian.

Due to factors including Fredric Wertham's book Seduction of the Innocent and Congressional hearings on the subject, superhero comics had mostly vanished from about 1949 to the mid-1950s.

By then, Wertham's efforts had led to a Congressional investigation into the comics industry, and publishers formed the self-censoring Comics Code Authority in the fall of 1954.

Despite this, Forbath claimed the loss was at least 5 million ; Adam Hochschild, and Isidore Ndaywel è Nziem, 10 million ; the Encyclopædia Britannica and Fredric Wertham's 1966 book " A Sign For Cain: An Exploration of Human Violence " estimate that the population of the Congo dropped from 30 million to 8 and 8. 5 million, respectively, in that period.

Seduction of the Innocent was illustrated with comic-book panels offered as evidence, each accompanied by a line of Wertham's sardonic commentary.

Will Brooker also points out in Batman Unmasked: Analyzing a Cultural Icon that Wertham's notorious reading of Batman and Robin as a homosexual couple was not of his own invention, but was suggested to him by homosexual males whom he interviewed.

" Dr. Fredric Wertham's book Seduction of the Innocent rallied opposition to violence, gore, and sex in comics, arguing that it was harmful to the children who made up a large segment of the comic book audience.

When the Comics Code was formed in 1954 in reaction to Wertham's Seduction of the Innocent, Dell again refused to join and instead began publishing in its comics a " Pledge to Parents " that promised their editorial process " eliminates, rather than regulates, objectional material " and concluded with the now classic credo " Dell Comics Are Good Comics.

Underground ( and Alternative ) Comics or Comix were born both out of the general 1960s counter-culture, and as a part reaction to the Comics code-induced censorship of all mainstream comics inspired by the hysteria surrounding Dr Wertham's seminal book Seduction of the Innocent ( 1954 ), which was interpreted as labelling comics partially or wholly responsible for juvenile delinquency:

Bart Beaty in his book Fredric Wertham and the Critique of Mass Culture describes a concerted campaign by Dell against publication of Wertham's Seduction of the Innocent to the extent of recruiting several of the companies that it licensed characters from ( including Warner Brother Cartoons, the Lone Ranger Inc. and Edgar Rice Burroughs Inc .) to send letters of protest to Wertham's publisher Stanley Rinehart.

The splash made by this book and Wertham's previous credentials as an expert witness, made it inevitable that he would appear before the Senate Subcommittee on Juvenile Delinquency led by anti-crime crusader Estes Kefauver.

The fame of Seduction of the Innocent added to Wertham's previous celebrity as an expert witness and made him an obvious choice to appear before the Senate Subcommittee on Juvenile Delinquency led by anti-crime crusader Estes Kefauver.

A notable event in the history of the American comic book came with the psychiatrist Fredric Wertham's criticisms of the medium in his book Seduction of the Innocent ( 1954 ), which prompted the American Senate Subcommittee on Juvenile Delinquency to investigate comic books.

In the mid-1950s, in the wake of the crackdown on comics which followed Fredric Wertham's Seduction of the Innocent and the United States Senate Subcommittee on Juvenile Delinquency hearings on the dangers of comic books, the content of comics faced radical overhauls and the imposition of the censoring Comics Code Authority body.

Cole's story " Murder, Morphine and Me ", which he illustrated and possibly wrote for publisher Magazine Village's True Crime Comics # 2 ( May, 1947 ), became a centerpiece of psychiatrist Dr. Fredric Wertham's crusade against violent comic books.

In 1954, Wertham's book Seduction of the Innocent coincided with Congressional hearings on ( among other topics ) the negative influence of comic books.

With the publication of Dr. Fredric Wertham's Seduction of the Innocent, comic books in the Gaines style drew the attention of the U. S. Congress.

Wertham's criticisms of comic books helped spark a U. S. Congressional inquiry into the comic book industry and the creation of the Comics Code.

What is often overlooked in discussions of Seduction of the Innocent is Wertham's analysis of the advertisements that appeared in 1950s comic books and the commercial context in which these publications existed.

Also rarely mentioned in summaries or reviews of Seduction of the Innocent are Wertham's claims that retailers who did not want to sell material with which they were uncomfortable, such as horror comics, were essentially held to ransom by the distributors.

Wertham's views on mass media have largely overshadowed his broader concerns with violence and with overprotecting children from psychological harm.

Much to Wertham's frustration, no publishers were interested in publishing it.

Wertham's papers ( including the manuscript to the unpublished The War on Children ) were donated to the Library of Congress and are held by the Manuscript Division.

A register of the papers has been prepared that displays the eclectic reach of Wertham's interests.

The CCA came into being in response to Fredric Wertham's Seduction of the Innocent, in which comic book creators were accused of attempting to negatively influence children with images of violence and sexuality, including subliminal homosexuality.

While the series tracked the character's struggle between good and evil, due to manipulation by supervillainesses Eclipso and Granny Goodness ( promotional material for the series used the catchphrase " Seduction of the Innocent ," a reference to Fredric Wertham's book of the same title ), Mary emerged from the series under the influence of Superman villain Darkseid.

Although Wonder Man's own love for Scarlet Witch leads him to feel guilt, he justifies his actions by claiming the Vision was never anything but a copy of him, a claim that a number of other Avengers, including the Wasp, accept.

Hoping to claim an undisputed national championship, they challenged the nationally famous Franklin Wonder Five, but the Franklin coach refused as his team " was too tired " after a grueling year.

Others claim the Wonder Twins, minor characters in the 1970s Hanna-Barbera superhero FISH cartoon Super Friends, who touched knuckles and cried " Wonder Twin powers, activate!

Wonder Woman is sent to Venus and finds it to be inhabited by fairies led by Queen Desira, who worship Aphrodite, and claim to have been at peace for ' a million years '.

Middletown bases its claim on the general provision of the law that `` all rateable property, both tangible and intangible, shall be taxed to the owner thereof in the town in which such owner shall have had his actual place of abode for the larger portion of the twelve ( 12 ) months next preceding the first day of April in each year ''.

In his answer thereto, he advised the Board that he had made no such statement in 1956, and asserted that his only claim to `` pioneering '' was in 1952.

Having had every opportunity to rebut the finding of the local board before both the hearing officer and the appeal board, petitioner cannot now claim that he was denied due process because he did not succeed.

Since he had gross income of $600 or more, he must file a return in which he may claim an exemption deduction of $600.

That is, he did not claim in any of the four courts through which his case progressed that the jury charge had denied him any federal right.

Brumidi's son later maintained that Costaggini had compressed and mutilated his father's designs, ambitiously coveting a bit he could claim for his very own.

Instead of the expected `` annoyances '' due to the nature of his mission, he received many calling cards and invitations from `` gentlemen of mark, on whom I had no sort of claim, & have had many more invitations than I could accept ''.

Finally, it did seem clear as day to these clergymen, as Gannett's son explained in the biography of his father, they had always contended for the propriety of their claim to the title of Christians.

Thus, while it remains possible that the Babylonians and/or the Pythagoreans may perhaps have had the magic square of three before the Chinese did, more definite evidence will have to turn up from the Middle East or the Classical World before China can lose her claim to the earliest known magic square by more than a thousand years.

Apollo complained to Maia that her son had stolen his cattle, but Hermes had already replaced himself in the blankets she had wrapped him in, so Maia refused to believe Apollo's claim.

During the last three centuries attempts have been made to sift away successively those gems which had no claim to be considered in any sense Gnostic, or specially Basilidian, or connected with Abrasax.

The identification of Ajax with the family of Aeacus was chiefly a matter which concerned the Athenians, after Salamis had come into their possession, on which occasion Solon is said to have inserted a line in the Iliad ( 2. 557 – 558 ), for the purpose of supporting the Athenian claim to the island.

Thus, during the abdication crisis of 1936, caused by Edward VIII's desire to marry Wallis Simpson, the consent of all realms concerned, along with, in some cases, new acts of parliament, was required in Britain and throughout the British Dominions to allow for Edward's stepping aside and to ensure that if he had any children they would have no claim to the thrones.

NFL Commissioner Pete Rozelle, who had been moving slowly in Atlanta matters, was spurred by the AFL interest and headed on the next plane down to Atlanta to block the rival league's claim on the city of Atlanta.

Other late accounts claim that Macareus had a daughter named Amphissa, beloved by Apollo.

Thus, Abulafia in the 13th century assumed that the language spoken in Paradise had been different from Hebrew, and rejected the claim then current also among Christian authors, that a child left unexposed to linguistic stimulus would automatically begin to speak in Hebrew.

" He later goes on to claim that the anti-globalization movement has failed to attract widespread support from poor and working people from the Third World, and that its " strongest and most uncomprehending critics had always been the workers whose liberation from employment they were trying to secure.

Kirk's cousin, Graham of Duchray, was then to claim that the spectre of Kirk had visited him in the night, and told him that he had been carried off by the Fairies.

The Barony of Grey of Codnor was an exception as the original claim had been submitted prior to these recommendations being made to the Sovereign.

Atlas Autocode's second-greatest claim to fame ( after being the progenitor of Imp and EMAS ) was that it had many of the features of the original " Compiler Compiler ".

In 1966, Nin had her marriage with Pole annulled, due to the legal issues arising from both Guiler and Pole having to claim her as a dependent on their federal tax returns.