( Wertham's claim that Wonder Woman had a bondage subtext was somewhat better documented, as her creator William Moulton Marston had admitted as much ; however, Wertham also claimed that Wonder Woman's strength and independence made her a lesbian.

Psychologist Fredric Wertham, who in Seduction of the Innocent asserted that " Batman stories are psychologically homosexual ", claimed to find a " subtle atmosphere of homoeroticism which pervades the adventures of the mature ' Batman ' and his young friend ' Robin '".

Wertham's claim that Wonder Woman had a bondage subtext was somewhat better documented, as her creator William Moulton Marston had admitted as much ; however, Wertham also claimed Wonder Woman's strength and independence made her a lesbian.

Wertham also claimed that Superman was both un-American and a fascist.

To promote this book Wertham made two memorable appearances on the Mike Douglas Show where he ended up debating his theories with the co-hosts, Barbara Feldon ( April 10, 1967 ) and Vincent Price ( June 19, 1967 ).

Homosexual interpretations have been part of the academic study of Batman since psychologist Fredric Wertham asserted in his Seduction of the Innocent in 1954 that " Batman stories are psychologically homosexual.

" Wertham wrote, " Only someone ignorant of the fundamentals of psychiatry and of the psychopathology of sex can fail to realize a subtle atmosphere of homoeroticism which pervades the adventures of the mature ' Batman ' and his young friend ' Robin.

The shorts were intended to satirize suggestions that early Batman comics implied a homosexual relationship between the eponymous title character and his sidekick Robin, a charge most infamously leveled by Fredric Wertham in his 1954 book, Seduction of the Innocent.

" The committee's questioning of their next witness, EC publisher William Gaines, focused on violent scenes of the type Wertham had decried.

The committee's questioning of their next witness, EC publisher William Gaines, focused on violent scenes of the type Wertham had decried.

The story was singled out by Robert Warshow in his 1954 essay " Paul, the Horror Comics, and Dr. Wertham ".

Fredric Wertham ( March 20, 1895 – November 18, 1981 ) was a German-born American psychiatrist and crusading author who protested the purportedly harmful effects of violent imagery in mass media and comic books on the development of children.

Seduction of the Innocent described overt or covert depictions of violence, sex, drug use, and other adult fare within " crime comics "— a term Wertham used to describe not only the popular gangster / murder-oriented titles of the time but also superhero and horror comics as well — and asserted, based largely on undocumented anecdotes, that reading this material encouraged similar behavior in children.

Given the subsequent emergence of organized fandom for comic books among adults who grew up reading them during Comics ' Golden Age, it is ironic Wertham at one point in Seduction ( pp. 89 – 90 ) asserts " I have known many adults who have treasured throughout their lives some of the books they read as children.

Beaty notes " Wertham repeated his call ... national legislation based on the public health ideal that would prohibit the circulation and display of comic books to children under the age of fifteen.

In 1954, Fredric Wertham published Seduction of the Innocent, a book in which he asserted that comics were inciting children to violence.

Baker's cover for Phantom Lady # 17 ( Apr, 1949 ) was reproduced in Seduction of the Innocent, the 1954 book by Dr. Fredric Wertham denouncing what he saw as the morally corrupting effect of comics on children.

The book also included a chapter that attacked contemporary comic books as harmful to children ; because his critique drew about his view that it was a consequence of the aforementioned cultural permissive views toward violence he wasn't a leading voice during the subsequent debate about the impact of comics that instead was dominated by Fredric Wertham.

Primarily, Wertham assigned the blame to parents, not the industry nor the creators, in his book, and even his anxiety over Batman's and Robin's perceived homosexual subtexts was aimed at the welfare of a child introduced to that sort of family unit, not on some a priori immorality or sinfulness to such a lifestyle.

Comics historian Les Daniels commented, " In retrospect the imperative seems less than inevitable, perhaps no more than trendy gender bending or possibly just a response to the homophobia inspired by Fredric Wertham more than thirty years earlier.

Wertham, author of the influential study Seduction of the Innocent, cited a particular panel of the story's dope-dealing narrator about to be stabbed in the eye with a hypodermic needle as an example of the " injury-to-the-eye " motif.

Psychologist Fredric Wertham decided that the phenomenon was a landmine of hidden and repressed Freudian issues, and that a sidekick's involvement in violent acts with his hero masked a sexual subtext.

Wertham was born on March 20, 1895 in Munich.

Comics, especially the crime / horror titles pioneered by EC Comics, were not lacking in gruesome images ; Wertham reproduced these extensively, pointing out what he saw as recurring morbid themes such as " injury to the eye " ( as depicted in Plastic Man creator Jack Cole's " Murder, Morphine and Me ", which he illustrated and probably wrote for publisher Magazine Village's True Crime Comics Vol.

Wertham objected to not only the violence in the stories but also the fact that air rifles and knives were advertised alongside them.

According to Wertham, news vendors were told by the distributors that if they did not sell the objectionable comic books, they would not be allowed to sell any of the other publications being distributed.

In extensive testimony before the committee, Wertham restated arguments from his book and pointed to comics as a major cause of juvenile crime.

Wertham described the Comics Code as inadequate, while most in the industry found it draconian.

Beaty reveals in 1959 Wertham tried to sell a follow-up to Seduction on the effects of television on Children, to be titled The War on Children.

This led to an invitation for Wertham to address the New York Comic Art Convention.

Still infamous to most comics fans of the time, Wertham encountered suspicion and heckling at the convention, and stopped writing about comics thereafter.

" The Strange Case of Dr. Wertham " Amazing Heroes # 123 ( August 15, 1987 ); " The Return of Dr. Wertham " Amazing Heroes # 124 ( Sept. 1, 1987 ); " From Dr. Wertham With Love " Amazing Heroes # 125 ( Sept. 15, 1987 ) part series, see below for link to condensed version posted online under title " Fredric Wertham-Anti-Comics Crusader Who Turned Advocate ".

Josh Martin, bassist for band The Wonder Years, has claimed that " Influentially, when you think about the top three pop-punk bands of all time ... it ’ s Blink-182, New Found Glory and Green Day.

The following issue, the Amazons claimed they needed to leave this world for another dimension in order to " renew their magic ," and Diana renounced her powers and Wonder Woman identity in order to remain with Steve.

Winger briefly feigned embarrassment, but then claimed she was late for something she had to do, tore off her grey dress to reveal a Wonder Girl costume, and ran through the audience to exit the theater, to much applause.

His work includes Motown hits such as, among hundreds of others, " Shotgun " by Jr. Walker & the All Stars, " For Once in My Life ", " I Was Made To Love Her " by Stevie Wonder ( sometimes noted as being claimed by Carol Kaye, Ms Kaye actually claims the track on the late 60s Beach Boys version of the same song ), " Going to a Go-Go " by The Miracles, " My Girl " by The Temptations, " Dancing in the Street " by Martha and the Vandellas, " I Heard It Through the Grapevine " by Gladys Knight and the Pips, and later by Marvin Gaye, and most of the album What's Going On by Marvin Gaye, " Reach Out I'll Be There " and " Bernadette " by the Four Tops, and " You Can't Hurry Love " by The Supremes.

Doom claimed that he needed the Parasite to function as an invincible bodyguard, capturing the Incredible Hulk and Wonder Woman and giving the Parasite a harness that would allow him to retain their powers for prolonged periods.

" Musician claimed "... sounds like a bastard spawn of Stevie Wonder and Mandrill with its vintage keyboards, jazz harmonies and fondness for rambling, jam-oriented arrangements ..."

It is not known how old he is, but he has claimed ' I brought the very first couple together ', and told Wonder Woman ' I am among the first that walked abroad in this universe, and my influence has been known since humanity's first fall from grace ' although it should be remembered he is the Lord of Lies.

In the 1980s Golden Wonder claimed on television and on their packets to be Britain's Noisiest Crisp.

Several other characters from outside the primary continuity have lifted the hammer, including: Conan the Barbarian ; Dargo Ktor ( Future Thor ); Loki ; Magni ; Rogue ( after absorbing the entirety of Thor's life force and thus essentially becoming Thor ); Miguel O ' Hara ( Spider-Man 2099 ); Woden ; Alex Power ; and the DC Comics characters Superman ( though he was unable to later that issue and Thor claimed Odin had briefly lifted the enchantment ) and Wonder Woman.