When the Soviet Union was the only member state which refused to sign, the U. S. embarked on a massive nuclear weapons testing, development, and deployment program.

When this is done, and it is very common, an attacker can work off-line, rapidly testing candidate passwords against the true password's hash value.

When RA is clinically suspected, immunological studies are required, such as testing for the presence of rheumatoid factor ( RF, a non-specific antibody ).

When all the various sub-routines have been coded the program is ready for testing.

When smoke testing a sanitary sewer system it is helpful to partially block off the section of sewer to be tested.

** When baled, straw has moderate insulation characteristics ( about R-1. 5 / inch according to Oak Ridge National Lab and Forest Product Lab testing ).

When the design has passed through these processes, the company constructs a limited number of prototypes for testing on the ground.

When challenged at trial over the nature of this testing, and particularly over the fact that the testing was designed in some cases to cause death and only to measure the time which elapsed until death was caused, one Nazi doctor's defence was that, though a doctor, he was " legally appointed executioner ".

When the initial specification had been drafted, the MCNS consortium handed over control of it to CableLabs which maintained the specification, promoted it in various standards organizations ( notably SCTE and ITU ), developed a certification testing program for cable modem equipment, and has since drafted multiple extensions to the original specification.

When he was thirteen the family moved from the Los Angeles area to the more remote farming town of Lancaster, near the Mojave Desert, where there was a growing aerospace industry and testing plant that would become Edwards Airforce Base.

When interviewed on May 17 by the newspaper Komosmolskaya Pravda, Yuri Gagarin alluded to the failure of the administration to listen to the concerns about the Soyuz module that were identified by the cosmonaut corps and that Komarov's death should teach the establishment to be more rigorous in its testing and evaluation of " all the mechanisms of the spaceship, even more attentive to all stages of checking and testing, even more vigilant in our encounter with the unknown.

When space permits, the screen print text can indicate component designators, switch setting requirements, test points, and other features helpful in assembling, testing, and servicing the circuit board.

When fault trees are labeled with actual numbers about failure probabilities ( which are often in practice unavailable because of the expense of testing ), computer programs can calculate failure probabilities from fault trees.

When this testing is complete the photomask information is released for chip fabrication.

When the Fremen Namri reveals that the testing was ordered by Alia, he kills the man and escapes, sending a message to Duncan Idaho to set off the course of events that will force Stilgar to act.

When center Eddy Curry showed possible symptoms of a heart problem shortly before the playoffs, Paxson took a cautious approach and would not clear Curry to play without extensive DNA testing.

When laboratory testing, field experience, or engineering judgement indicates that an item could be damaged by mechanical shock, several courses of action might be considered:

When testing ended in 1992, the Energy Department estimated that more than 300 million curies of radiation remained, making the site one of the most radioactively contaminated places in the United States.

When infected with woodchuck hepatitis B virus, they are at 100 % risk for developing liver cancer, making them a good model for testing hepatitis B and liver cancer therapies.

When Terrace ended the experiment, Nim was transferred back to the Institute for Primate Studies in Oklahoma, who later sold him to the Laboratory for Experimental Medicine and Surgery in Primates, a pharmaceutical animal testing laboratory managed by NYU.

When the time comes for testing a pair of objects for collision, their bounding sphere tree can be used to eliminate many pairs of triangles.

When the dummy has been determined to be ready for testing, and calibration marks are fastened to the side of the head to aid researchers when slow-motion films are reviewed later.

When storing records in a large unsorted file, one may use a hash function to map each record to an index into a table T, and collect in each bucket T a list of the numbers of all records with the same hash value i. Once the table is complete, any two duplicate records will end up in the same bucket.

When this approach is used, the hash function must be chosen so that the result has fairly uniform distribution between 0 and n − 1, for any value of n that may occur in the application.

When the hash function is used to store values in a hash table that outlives the run of the program, and the hash table needs to be expanded or shrunk, the hash table is referred to as a dynamic hash table.

When a user types in a password on such a system, the password handling software runs through a cryptographic hash algorithm, and if the hash value generated from the user's entry matches the hash stored in the password database, the user is permitted access.

When stored alongside the data, CRCs and cryptographic hash functions by themselves do not protect against intentional modification of data.

When hash functions and fingerprints are used to identify similar data, such as homologous DNA sequences or similar audio files, the functions are designed so as to maximize the probability of collision between distinct but similar data.

When selecting a file from the list presented to the user, the client would actually initiate a download by hash value.

* When random bits are requested, return that many bits derived from the entropy pool ( by a cryptographic hash function, say ) and decrement the estimate of the number of random bits remaining in the pool.

When the object in question is not derived from a class, but from a prototype instead, the size of an object is usually that of the internal data structure ( a hash for instance ) that holds its slots.

When eaten for breakfast, scrambled eggs often accompany toast, hash browns, pancakes, bacon, ham or sausages.

When SYSKEY is enabled, the on-disk copy of the SAM file is partially encrypted, so that the password hash values for all local accounts stored in the SAM are encrypted with a key ( usually also referred to as the " SYSKEY ").

When a single bit is changed the hash sum becomes completely different.

When a collision attack is discovered and is found to be faster than a birthday attack, a hash function is often denounced as " broken ".

When Weezer performed the song on T4 one Sunday afternoon, the title was read out as " Half Pipe ", despite the fact that the word " hash " was still heard.

When implemented as such, a switch statement essentially becomes a perfect hash

When each number of successes X is paired with its probability of occurrence Af, the set of pairs Af, is a probability function called a binomial distribution.

When Gianfranco Fini visited Israel in late November 2003 in the function of Italian Deputy Prime Minister, he labeled the racial laws issued by the fascist regime in 1938 as " infamous ", as also Giorgio Almirante, historic leader of MSI, had done before.

When not celebrating Mass but still serving a liturgical function, such as the semiannual Urbi et Orbi papal blessing, some Papal Masses and some events at Ecumenical Councils, cardinal deacons can be recognized by the dalmatics they would don with the simple white mitre ( so called mitra simplex ).

When the domain of the input function is time ( t ), and the domain of the output function is ordinary frequency, the transform of function s ( t ) at frequency ƒ is given by the complex number:

When s < sub > P </ sub >( t ), is expressed as a periodic summation of another function, s ( t ):

When s < sub > N </ sub > is expressed as a periodic summation of another function: and

When a ligand activates the G protein-coupled receptor, it induces a conformational change in the receptor that allows the receptor to function as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor ( GEF ) that exchanges GDP for GTP on the G < sub > α </ sub > subunit.

When the result sequence is exhausted ( e. g. there are no more values within the result sequence ), the expression or function fails.

When one is found, and the position is odd, the location is returned from the function with suspend.

When the loop is closed, the system may function as an artificial pancreas.

When using codomains, the inverse of a function is required to have domain Y and codomain X.

When team members individually and collectively commit to team goals, team effectiveness is increased and is a function of increased supportive team behaviors ( Aube & Rousseau, 2005 ).

When renal function, measured by glomerular filtration rate, is persistently poor, dialysis and kidney transplantation may be treatment options.

When, for example, we use a verb to function as the action done by a subject, many languages require conjugating the verb to reflect that meaning.

When they react with monoamine oxidase, they permanently deactivate it, and the enzyme cannot function until it has been replaced by the body, which can take about two weeks.

When is a conditional probability distribution and the loss function is the negative log likelihood:, then empirical risk minimization is equivalent to maximum likelihood estimation.

When dealing with general function R → C, the transform takes on an integral form:

When left untreated, complications of PKU include severe mental retardation, brain function abnormalities, microcephaly, mood disorders, irregular motor functioning, and behavioral problems such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

When the function is used as in