When pH is too high, the concentration of hydrogen ions in the blood is too low, so the kidneys excrete bicarbonate ( HCO < sub > 3 </ sub >< sup >−</ sup >).

When more than two buffer solutions are used the electrode is calibrated by fitting observed pH values to a straight line with respect to standard buffer values.

When the pH is adjusted back to pH 8, activity returns.

When the cement paste exposed to the air and meteoric water reacts with the atmospheric CO < sub > 2 </ sub >, portlandite and the Calcium Silicate Hydrate ( CSH ) of the hardened cement paste become progressively carbonated and the high pH gradually decreases from 13. 5 – 12. 5 to 8. 5, the pH of water in equilibrium with calcite ( calcium carbonate ) and the steel is no longer passivated.

When consuming these seabirds and seabird eggs, these rats reduce the pH of the soil.

When the pH drops, luciferase changes its shape, allowing luciferin, more specifically tetrapyrrole, to bind.

When this treatment is finished, the fish ( saturated with lye ) has a pH value of 11 – 12 and is therefore caustic.

When not in use, the glass probe tip must be kept wet at all times to avoid the pH sensing membrane dehydration and the subsequent dysfunction of the electrode.

When chlorine is added to water, it reacts to form a pH dependent equilibrium mixture of chlorine, hypochlorous acid and hydrochloric acid:

When accumulation of pleural fluid is noted, cytopathologic evaluation of the fluid, as well as clinical microscopy, microbiology, chemical studies, tumor markers, pH determination and other more esoteric tests are required as diagnostic tools for determining the causes of this abnormal accumulation.

When cement or concrete are exposed to non negligible concentration of Mg < sup > 2 +</ sup >, e. g. when these materials are left in prolonged contact with sea water or brines, Mg ( OH )< sub > 2 </ sub > precipitates under the high pH conditions prevailing in the cement porewater.

When taken in small amounts, iron allows the body to replenish hemoglobin, but in large amounts it causes severe pH imbalances in the body.

When adult armpits are washed with alkaline pH soap, the skin loses its acid mantle ( pH 4. 5-6 ), raising the skin pH and disrupting the skin barrier.

When the pH at the surface of the tooth drops below 5. 5, demineralization proceeds faster than remineralization ( meaning that there is a net loss of mineral structure on the tooth's surface ).

When the pH of acid mine drainage is raised past 3, either through contact with fresh water or neutralizing minerals, previously soluble Iron ( III ) ions precipitate as Iron ( III ) hydroxide, a yellow-orange solid colloquially known as yellow boy.

When oxygen is finally incorporated into the system, the pH rises and IP is deprotonated.

When the pH of the electrolyte at the end of life moves into the alkaline region, which occurs often in capacitors with water-based electrolytes, the regeneration of pinhole defects ceases, and the fatal, unrestrained growth of aluminum hydroxide begins.

When there is a decrease in the blood's pH, a decrease in oxygen ( pO < sub > 2 </ sub >), or an increase in carbon dioxide ( pCO < sub > 2 </ sub >), the carotid bodies and the aortic bodies signal the medulla oblongata ( specifically the dorsal inspiratory center in the medulla oblongata ) to increase the volume and rate of breathing.

When cells are grown in tissue culture, the medium in which they grow is held close to this physiological pH.

When the pH value is known, these electrodes can be employed as a reference with notable applications at elevated temperatures.

When he showed this model as his `` solution '' as to how the Howe sewing machine operated, he was told he was `` wrong '', and discovered to his amazement that the Howe Machine, which was unknown to him in detail, used two threads while the one that he had perfected used only one.

When Governor Al Smith offered New York National Guard planes to fly the mail in and out of the state, it seemed a likely temporary solution, easing Burlington's bottleneck and that at Montpelier too.

When the solution finally came to him, one night while he was in bed, he was so shaken by its simplicity that he could only wonder why it had not occurred to him before.

When this happens, the carbon atoms are said to be in solution, or mixed with the iron, forming a single, homogeneous, crystalline phase called austenite.

When this happens the carbon atoms will no longer be soluble with the iron, and will be forced to precipitate out of solution, nucleating into the spaces between the crystals.

When rapidly cooled, a diffusionless ( martensite ) transformation occurs, in which the carbon atoms become trapped in solution.

When heated to form a solution and then cooled quickly, these alloys become much softer than normal, during the diffusionless transformation, and then harden as they age.

When the effects of compressibility on the solution are small, the aerodynamicist may choose to assume that density is constant.

When in solution, the calcium ion to the human taste varies remarkably, being reported as mildly salty, sour, " mineral like " or even " soothing.

When the partial pressure of is reduced, for example when a can of soda is opened, the equilibrium for each of the forms of carbonate ( carbonate, bicarbonate, carbon dioxide, and carbonic acid ) shifts until the concentration of in the solution is equal to the solubility of CO < sub > 2 </ sub > at that temperature and pressure.

When the condition number is exactly one, then the algorithm may find an approximation of the solution with an arbitrary precision.

When metal ions are reduced from ionic solution, they form a pure metal surface on the cathode.

When Newton's method is used to find the solution for the maximum likelihood estimate, the middle 24 % order statistics can be used as an initial solution for x < sub > 0 </ sub >.

When used in the extemporaneous preparation of topical medications, it is supplied in the form of Coal Tar Topical Solution USP, which consists of a 20 % w / v solution of coal tar in alcohol, with an additional 5 % w / v of polysorbate 80 ; this must then be diluted in an ointment base such as petrolatum.

Though attractive in many cases, a general-purpose DBMS is not always the optimal solution: When certain applications are pervasive with many operating instances, each with many users, a general-purpose DBMS may introduce unnecessary overhead and too large " footprint " ( too large amount of unnecessary, unutilized software code ).

When faced with a new circuit, the software first tries to find a steady state solution, that is, one where all nodes conform to Kirchhoff's Current Law and the voltages across and through each element of the circuit conform to the voltage / current equations governing that element.

When present together in solid solution, energy is transferred from the higher-energy tungsten to the lower-energy molybdenum, such that fairly low levels of molybdenum are sufficient to cause a yellow emission for scheelite, instead of blue.

When the brown solution of iodine in strong donor solvents were heated, a color transition from brown to violet is observed as the weakly-bonded charge-transfer complex dissociates into to free solvent and iodine molecules.

When Charles tried to find a compromise solution with the Augsburg Interim, Bucer and Bullinger urged Calvin to respond.

Ribbentrop quickly learned that Hitler always favoured the most radical solution to any problem, and accordingly tended his advice in that direction as a Ribbentrop aide recalled: When Hitler said ' Grey ', Ribbentrop said ' Black, black, black '.

When dissolving a lipophilic or amphiphilic substance in a polar environment, the polar molecules ( i. e., water in an aqueous solution ) become more ordered around the dissolved lipophilic substance, since the polar molecules cannot form hydrogen bonds to the lipophilic areas of the amphiphile.

When this is the case, and x < sub > 0 </ sub > is one solution of ( 1 ), then the set of all solutions is given by

When the solution comes into contact with air the chemical reaction that created it is reversed and particles of calcium carbonate are deposited.