Where a question of European law is in doubt and there is no appeal from the decision of a court, it is required ( except under the doctrine of acte clair ) to refer the question to the ECJ ; otherwise any referral is entirely at the discretion of the court.

Where a question of European law is in doubt and there is no appeal from the decision of a court, it is required to refer the question to the ECJ ; otherwise any referral is entirely at the discretion of the court.

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