Whereas some European national archives have tested deacidification techniques, the United States ’ National Archives and Records Administration ( NARA ), which pioneered an aqueous technique that improved upon Barrow ’ s, has chosen to invest its preservation dollars elsewhere.

Whereas home rule meant a constitutional movement towards a national All-Ireland parliament in part under Westminster, repeal meant the repeal of the 1801 Act of Union ( if need be, by physical force ) and the creation of an entirely independent Irish state, separated from the United Kingdom, with only a shared monarch joining them both.

Whereas electricity had long developed a national distribution grid, which enabled supplies to reach even small new housing developments, gas was still distributed only locally.

Whereas Spoleto Festival USA features artists and performers of national and international renown, Piccolo Spoleto highlights outstanding local and regional artists with several hundred performances throughout the city.

Whereas about 45 % of limonenses possess a high-school degree ( about the national average ), only about 22 % of talamanqueños ( those from Talamanca ) have achieved the same qualification.

The Austrian monarchist Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn proposed that the 25-point Program was pro-labour: “ the program championed the right to employment, and called for the institution of profit sharing, confiscation of war profits, prosecution of userers and profiteers, nationalization of trusts, communalization of department stores, extension of the old-age pension system, creation of a national education program of all classes, prohibition of child labour, and an end to the dominance of investment capital .” Whereas historian William Brustein proposes that said program points, and party founder Anton Drexler ’ s statements, indicate that the Nazi Party ( NSDAP ) originated as a working-class political party.

Whereas, the RIPN secures national domain RU technical base functioning and supports the DNS.

Whereas previous enemies of the empire had been imprisoned, killed or exiled, Shamil became a national celebrity Russia.

Whereas the current account reflects a nation's net income, the capital account reflects net change in national ownership of assets.

Whereas Bardach in discussing the beginning of sejm walny points to the national assemblies of the early 15th century, Jędruch prefers, as " a convenient time marker ", the sejm of 1493, the first recorded bicameral session of the Polish parliament ( although as noted by Sedlar, 1493 is simply the first time such a session was clearly recorded in sources, and the first bicameral session might have taken place earlier ).

Whereas air and water pollution travels across state and national boundaries irrespective of its origin, the value of RECs and the emergence of RECs markets depend very much on the markets created state by state through legislative action to mandate a Renewable Portfolio Standard.

Whereas Marx and Engels followed Goethe in seeing world literature as a modern or even future phenomenon, in 1886 the Irish scholar Hutcheson Macaulay Posnett argued that world literature first arose in ancient empires such as the Roman Empire, long before the rise of the modern national literatures.

Whereas Damrosch ’ s approach remains tied to the close reading of individual works, a very different view was taken by the Stanford critic Franco Moretti in a pair of articles offering “ Conjectures on World Literature .” Moretti argued that the scale of world literature far exceeds what can be grasped by traditional methods of close reading, and he advocated instead a mode of “ distant reading ” that would look at large-scale patterns as discerned from publication records and national literary histories, enabling one to trace the global sweep of forms such as the novel or film.

Whereas for certain other language families, such as the speakers of Indo-European, Uralic, and Austronesian, we are able to frame substantial hypotheses, in the case of the proposed Altaic family everything remains to be done.

Whereas a biotic stress would include such living disturbances as fungi or harmful insects, abiotic stress factors, or stressors, are naturally occurring, often intangible, factors such as intense sunlight or wind that may cause harm to the plants and animals in the area affected.

Whereas in the past, the National and American leagues had separate administrative organizations ( which, for example, allowed for the introduction of different rules such as the designated hitter ), under Selig, Major League Baseball consolidated the administrative functions of both leagues into the Commissioner's Office in 2000.

The British Statute of Anne ( 1710 ) further alluded to individual rights of the artist, beginning: " Whereas Printers, Booksellers, and other Persons, have of late frequently taken the Liberty of Printing ... Books, and other Writings, without the Consent of the Authors ... to their very great Detriment, and too often to the Ruin of them and their Families :" A right to benefit financially from the work is articulated, and court rulings and legislation have recognized a right to control the work, such as ensuring that the integrity of it is preserved.

Whereas stories at this time in Coronation Street were largely about family affairs, Brookside concentrated on social affairs such as industrial action, unemployment and the black market.

Whereas several figures common to English Country Dance, e. g. arming and the straight hey, are found in the traditional dances and display dances such as morris, ECD's origins rest among the gentry, first at court, then spreading to bourgeois-London, finally moving into country manors around England.

Whereas a hyponym is one of the items included in the generic, such as peach and oak are included in tree, and cruiser and steamer in ship, " brother " and " sister " in " family ".

Whereas the older " depth scales " tried to infer the level of " hypnotic trance " based upon supposed observable signs, such as spontaneous amnesia, most subsequent scales measure the degree of observed or self-evaluated responsiveness to specific suggestion tests, such as direct suggestions of arm rigidity ( catalepsy ).

As such " Whereas the syndicalist alternative re-privatizes the economy into " self-managed " collectives and opens the way to their degeneration into traditional forms of private property-whether " collectively " owned or not-libertarian municipalism politicizes the economy and dissolves it into the civic domain.

Whereas fracture and cleavage describes the surfaces that are created when a mineral is broken, tenacity describes how resistant a mineral is to such breaking.

Whereas most manufacturers try to make products that will be marketable by appealing to preferences and prejudices, high modernists rejected such consumerist attitudes in order to undermine conventional thinking.

Whereas a team of bodyguards carrying larger submachine guns may indicate to would-be aggressors that the VIP is an important politician, a machine pistol such as the Glock 18 can be concealed in a standard holster.

Whereas enzymes are limited in their binding affinity for their substrates by the necessity of conducting their reaction, antibodies have no such constraints.

Whereas classical political philosophy is primarily defined by a concern for Hellenic and Enlightenment thought, political scientists are also marked by a great concern for " modernity " and the contemporary nation state, along with the study of classical thought, and as such share a greater deal of terminology with sociologists ( e. g. structure and agency ).

Whereas complex numbers have one number whose square is negative one, quaternions have three independent such numbers.

Whereas there is inconclusive evidence for these techniques ' efficacy, there is extensive evidence that human activity such as agriculture and industry results in inadvertent weather modification:

Whereas a detailed list of such significant contributions would certainly be desirable, below just a few innovations are listed as examples of breakthroughs that have played a critical role in the advancement of integrated circuit technology by more than six orders of magnitude in less than five decades:

Whereas in the past, East Iranian languages, such as Bactrian, Sogdian and Khotanese, and West Iranian languages, notably Parthian and Middle Persian were prominent.

Whereas the Capital markets are used for the raising of long term finance, such as the purchase of shares, or for loans that are not expected to be fully paid back for at least a year.

Whereas there are perhaps other examples of such a status for other disputed or dependent territories, this arrangement is certainly unique within the French Republic.

Whereas the king had only levied three lay subsidies until 1294, four such taxes were granted in the years 1294 – 97, raising over £ 200, 000.

Whereas many such settlements were abandoned in the early Middle Ages, Zutphen on its strategic confluence of IJssel and Berkel stayed.

Whereas Philip II August took personal command of the northern front against the Emperor and his allies, he gave his son Louis the command of the front against the Plantagenet possessions in middle France.

Whereas American culture posits the notion of the " melting-pot " and cultural diversity, the expression " French culture " tends to refer implicitly to a specific geographical entity ( as, say, " metropolitan France ", generally excluding its overseas departments ) or to a specific historico-sociological group defined by ethnicity, language, religion and geography.

Whereas it was forbidden to export " degenerate art " to Germany, it was still possible to buy and sell artworks of " degenerate artists " in occupied France.

Whereas the aristocracy defined themselves as an élite ruling class charged with maintaining the social order in France, Sieyès saw the third estate as the primary mechanism of public service.

Whereas Britain and France still faced a Germany which had kept about 80 percent of its industrial and economic potential and thus could attempt a revanche in a matter of years, Italy had definitively rid itself of its century-old enemy: instead of the Austro-Hungarian Empire there were now a number of smaller states, none of which could pose a credible threat, and some of them could even fall within the Italian sphere of influence.

Whereas the damage done to Anglo-American relations was quickly repaired, in the case of France, the situation remained more complex.

Whereas in France, it had to conduct operations 200 miles deep, it had to do this on a front six times as long, many times deeper, and with fewer aircraft.

Whereas until the second half of the 19th century Portugal and Spain as the colonial ( or former colonial ) powers were the eminent models for architecture and upperclass lifestyle, towards the end of the 19th century they were sometimes replaced by then more dominant powers like France or England.

Whereas most of the other Churches had patron nations, such as France for the Catholics and Russia for the Orthodox, the Armenians now found themselves alone among Christian giants.

::: Whereas it appears that a state of war exists between Austria, Prussia, Sardinia, Great Britain, and the United Netherlands of the one part and France on the other, and the duty and interest of the United States require that they should with sincerity and good faith adopt and pursue a conduct friendly and impartial toward the belligerent powers: