Whether through individuals, corporations or advocacy groups, such donations are often believed to engender a cronyist or patronage system via which major contributors are rewarded on a more or less quid pro quo basis.

Whether Margaret genuinely believed in Warbeck's Yorkist credentials or considered him a fraud but supported him anyway is unknown.

Whether that can be believed or not, quite certainly his mother had no notion of it.

Whether John was actually trying to kill Monica is irrelevant to the issue at hand ; what matters is whether the officer believed that Monica was in danger and whether it had been necessary to kick down the door to investigate further.

Whether Nero had intended Antistius to be put to death or whether, as many believed, he wished to make a display of his own clemency by saving him from a death sentence imposed by the senate, for the senate to have voted against the death penalty was clearly a serious upset to his plans.

Whether he believed the will was free to repent or not repent, or whether he viewed God as inclining the will irresistibly ( as in Calvinist doctrine, where the will of an elect individual is changed by God so that they now desire to repent, thus repenting with their will and not against it, but not being free in whether they choose repentance since they must choose what their will is inclined towards ), is not made clear.

Whether guardian angels attend each and every person is not consistently believed or upheld by the Church Fathers in Christian thought, and hence is not an " article of faith ", although the concept is clearly seen in both the Old and New Testaments.

Whether the origins of Maltese culture can be found in the Eastern Mediterranean or North Africa, the impact on Malta of Punic culture is believed to have persisted long after the Island's incorporation into the Roman Republic in 218 BCE:

: Whether then be I or they, so we preach, and so ye believed.

Whether or not she was just in complete denial or she really truly believed that there was a way to sleep with Mussolini and not be held accountable, I don't know.

Whether he followed Hellenistic skepticism about the existence of the gods and their tales is unclear, though it is likely he believed them more than the satirist Ovid, for example.

" Whether they genuinely believed that they had magical powers or not varied from practitioner to practitioner, with some later admitting in court that they didn't have powers but were simply pretending that they did in order to fool people for their money.

Whether Sharp had made the claim is uncertain, but Beauchamp believed he had.

Whether it is the same icon that was kept in Blachernae is a matter of scholarly debate, as the ancient icon is believed to have been of the Orans type, whereas the Athonite icon is of a style called Hodegetria ( literally, " She who leads the way ").

Whether he developed his ideas on nutrition before the machine or after, Perky was a food faddist who believed the fundamental issue was how to nourish a man so that his condition will be natural.

Whether a relation of an object is one of its properties may complicate such an argument.

Whether or not this hypothesis is accurate, it is clear that several existing conditions such as war, famine, and weather contributed to the severity of the Black Death.

Whether or not green biotechnology products such as this are ultimately more environmentally friendly is a topic of considerable debate.

Whether or not a concealment of such an asset should also be considered for prosecution as fraud and / or perjury would then be at the discretion of the judge and / or U. S. Trustee.

Whether or not such a polyhedron is also geometrically self-dual will depend on the particular geometrical duality being considered.

Whether the corpse of such a gladiator could be redeemed from further ignominy by friends or familia is not known.

Whether these initiatives will have the desired effect of curbing such activities has yet to be seen ; although a number of hawala networks have been closed down and a number of hawaladars have been successfully prosecuted for money laundering, there is little sign that these actions have brought the authorities any closer to identifying and arresting a significant number of terrorists or drug smugglers.

Whether to insert an intercalary month in a given year may be determined using regular cycles such as the 19-year Metonic cycle ( Hebrew calendar and in the determination of Easter ) or using calculations of lunar phases ( Hindu lunisolar and Chinese calendars ).

Whether or not there is any force in that allegation, His Majesty's Government are resolved that on this occasion there shall be no such tragic misunderstanding.

Whether indoor or outdoor, pet rabbits ' pens are often equipped with enrichment activities such as shelves, tunnels, balls, and other toys.

Under the section entitled " Whether the hen or the egg came first ", the discussion is introduced in such a way suggesting that the origin of the dilemma was even older:

Whether or not underground, it needs to be housed in a pipe that is vacuum pumped in order to prevent internal air drag, such as with a mechanical shutter kept closed most of the time but a plasma window used during the moments of firing to prevent loss of vacuum.

Whether a patent application relates to an invention is governed by Article 52 of the European Patent Convention, that excludes e. g. discoveries as such and software as such.

Whether or not a program using such a library is thread-safe depends on whether it uses the library in a manner consistent with those guarantees.

Whether increased fluid intake improves symptoms or shortens respiratory illnesses such as the common cold is not known.

However, satellite data show that cloud optical thickness actually increases with increasing temperature .< ref name = tselioudis-1992 > Whether the net effect is warming or cooling depends on details such as the type and altitude of the cloud ; details that are difficult to represent in climate models.

Whether shrink-wrap licenses are legally binding differs between jurisdictions, though a majority of jurisdictions hold such licenses to be enforceable.

Whether such conflict exists is decided by the States-General ; article 6 of the lower Rijkswet goedkeuring en bekendmaking verdragen determines that this decision has again to be made by special formal law.

Whether or not universities actually do conform to such statutory obligations, and if, for example, the code of practice of the NUS ( National Union of Students ) is followed when determining the make-up of such bodies is a hotly contested and ambiguous matter.

Whether such a complex engineering effort could have been completed in that small space of time is questionable, though no official date of its construction exists.

Whether ketosis is taking place can be checked by using special urine test strips such as Ketostix.

Whether such a deity existed among the Aztecs and what its meaning was, is a matter of dispute among scholars of Mesoamerican religion.

Whether the Fathers, who died before Christ was born of the Virgin Mary, were justified and saved only by the blood which he shed, and the death which he suffered after his incarnation??

Whether the only price of our redemption were not the death of Christ on the cross, with the rest of his sufferings and obediences, in the time of his life here, after he was born of the Virgin Mary??

Whether there were too few automobiles in 1940 or too many now is problematical.

Whether or not the Alemanni had been previously neutral, they were certainly further influenced by Caracalla to become thereafter notoriously implacable enemies of Rome.

Whether the motion was due to an irregular distribution of the Earth's atmosphere, thus involving abnormal variations in the refractive index, was also investigated ; here, again, negative results were obtained.

Whether these were consisted only of Goths is rather unlikely so the name " Scythians " by which the Greek sources called them ( a geographical definition ) seems more appropriate.

Whether Henry actually intended to bring about the assassination of Becket is debatable, but there is no question that at the time of the murder, the two men were embroiled in a bitter dispute regarding the power of Royal Courts to exercise jurisdiction over former clergymen.

Whether there were Viking or Norse-Gael kingdoms in the Western Isles or the Northern Isles at this time is debated.

Whether these victims were gladiators or noxii is unknown.

Whether persecutions after World War II were more aimed at certain sections of society over and above detractors is a disputed point.

Whether they were actually lovers is unknown, but their destruction of their letters to each other may point to something beyond mere privacy.

Whether the dualism of the Paulicians, Bogomils, and Cathars and their belief that the world was created by a Satanic demiurge were due to influence from Manichaeism is impossible to determine.

Whether the horti Maecenatiani bought by Fronto actually were the former gardens of Maecenas is unknown, and the domus Frontoniana mentioned in the twelfth century by Magister Gregorius may also refer to the gardens of Maecenas.

Entertainment Weekly put it on its end-of-the-decade, " best-of " list, saying, " Whether they were walking ( March of the Penguins ), dancing ( Happy Feet ), or hanging ten ( Surf's Up ), these oddly adorable birds took flight at the box office all decade long.

Whether to honour a character or to mock him, these references were demeaning to the gods.

Whether fairly or unfairly, a great deal was riding on the project, and expectations were high.

Whether or not this story is credible, jurists were active and legal treatises were written in larger numbers the 2nd century BC.

Whether the two T-72s were actually delivered, or their final fate, remains unknown.

Whether Wellman and Chaney were legally married is unknown.

Whether the two of them were lovers is disputed, as Menshikov was already engaged to Darya Arsenyeva, his future wife.

Whether fida ' is were actually trained or dispatched by Nizari leaders is unconfirmed, but scholars including Vladimir Ivanov purport that the assassination of key figures including Saljuq vizier Nizam al-Mulk likely provided encouraging impetus to others in the community who sought to secure the Nizaris from political aggression.

Whether or not the assize courts, whose task was to judge severe crimes, were to operate with a jury was a topic of considerable controversy.

Whether the absence of vessels in basal angiosperms is a primitive condition is contested, the alternative hypothesis states that vessel elements originated in a precursor to the angiosperms and were subsequently lost.

Whether at a " love-in " on Mount Tamalpais near San Francisco, a demonstration against the Vietnam War in Berkeley, or one of Ken Kesey's " Acid Tests ", if the " vibe " wasn't right and a change of scene was desired, hippies were mobile at a moment's notice.