While in South America Darwin received Volume 2 which considered the ideas of Lamarck in some detail.

While the Darwin Awards are named after Charles Darwin, due to his theory of natural selection, there is no evidence that the stories depicted actually represent the removal of " judgement impairment genes " from the gene pool.

While there is no scientific basis in Darwinism for the Darwin Awards, the stories are nevertheless entertaining, and can be thought of as an example of schadenfreude – deriving entertainment value out of the misfortune of others.

While Charles Darwin is mainly noted for his treatise on evolution, he was one of the founders of soil ecology, and he made note of the first ecological experiment in The Origin of Species.

While these theories were espoused by Charles Darwin and many of his students, their application as applied in Social Darwinism and General Evolution characterized in the theories of Spencer and White, historicism was neither anti-selection, nor anti-evolution, as Darwin never attempted nor offered an explanation for cultural evolution.

While he did not originate the term, Charles Darwin identified the argument as a possible way to falsify a prediction of the theory of evolution at the outset.

While often seen as rejecting Darwin's theory of branching evolution for a more linear Lamarckian " biogenic law " of progressive evolution, this is not accurate: Haeckel used the Lamarckian picture to describe the ontogenic and phylogenic history of the individual species, but agreed with Darwin about the branching nature of all species from one, or a few, original ancestors.

While Darwin had been criticised for simply accepting female whims as given, Ronald Fisher grasped the underlying mechanism in The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection, in a remark that was not widely understood for another 50 years:

While some commentators have taken this as a concession to religion that Darwin later regretted, Darwin's view at the time was of God creating life through the laws of nature, and even in the first edition there are several references to " creation ".

While the Spanish names are official, many users ( especially ecological researchers ) continue to use the older English names, principally because those were the names used when Charles Darwin visited.

While Terrestrial Planet Finder-C aims to study the planetshine of extrasolar planets, Darwin and Terrestrial Planet Finder-I will search for thermal infrared light that is reradiated ( rather than scattered ) by the planet, and most astronomers would not consider that to be planetshine.

While those Beaufort first approached turned the opportunity down, FitzRoy eventually approved Charles Darwin for the position.

While Richard G. Colling, author of Random Designer and professor at Olivet Nazarene University, received criticism from elements within the denomination in 2007 for his book ( published in 2004 ), Darrel R. Falk of Point Loma Nazarene published a similar book in 2004, and Karl Giberson of Eastern Nazarene, the first Nazarene scholar to publish with Oxford University Press, has published four books since 1993 on the tensions between science and religion, including his most recently published Saving Darwin.

While debates on the subject continues, in January 1871 Darwin started on another book, using left over material on emotional expressions, which became The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals.

While evidence of increasing frequency of melanic forms in the Lepidoptera was available during Darwin ’ s lifetime – the first observations were made in 1848 – current understanding is that it was not until 1896, 14 years after Darwin ’ s death, that Tutt explicitly linked melanism with natural selection.

While at the University of Cambridge, the student Charles Darwin became an enthusiastic insect collector.

While Galton thought it a " good séance ", Darwin later wrote " The Lord have mercy on us all, if we have to believe such rubbish " and told Emma that it was " all imposture " and " it would take an enormous weight of evidence " to convince him otherwise.

" While Wallace had not asked for publication, Darwin would, " of course, at once write and offer to send to any journal " that Wallace chose.

While visiting a zoo, Darwin held a mirror up to an orangutan and recorded the animal's reaction, which included making a series of facial expressions.

While attempting to maintain a timeline where The Origin was written, the wizards inadvertently take Darwin to the Discworld.

While Darwin ’ s concept of natural selection was intended to apply to whole organisms, Weismann modified Darwin's idea according to a process he called " germinal selection.

While cyanobacteria have been traditionally considered algae, recent works usually exclude them due to large differences such as the lack of membrane-bound organelles, the presence of a single circular chromosome, the presence of peptidoglycan in the cell walls, and ribosomes different in size and content from those of the Eukaryotes .< ref >

While modelling atoms in isolation may not seem realistic, if one considers atoms in a gas or plasma then the time-scales for atom-atom interactions are huge in comparison to the atomic processes that are generally considered.

While the term " anti-globalization " arose from the movement's opposition to free-trade agreements ( which have often been considered part of something called " globalization "), various participants contend they are opposed to only certain aspects of globalization and instead describe themselves, at least in French-speaking organisations, as " anti-capitalist ", " anti-plutocracy ," or " anti-corporate.

While all real fluids are compressible, a flow problem is often considered incompressible if the density changes in the problem have a small effect on the outputs of interest.

While some purists consider luck not to be a desirable component of a game, others counter that elements of luck can make for far more diverse and multi-faceted strategies, as concepts such as expected value and risk management must be considered.

While the Minas Gerais was not considered likely to be replaced until the next century, it was nonetheless decommissioned in 2001 following the purchase of the French aircraft carrier Foch.

While they can synthesize arginine and histidine, they cannot produce it in sufficient amounts for young, growing animals, and so these are often considered essential amino acids.

While not considered orthodox Christian, the Ecclesia Gnostica Catholica uses roles and titles derived from Christianity for its clerical hierarchy, including bishops who have much the same authority and responsibilities as in Roman Catholicism.

While Brown is considered a small research university with 682 full-time faculty and 1, 919 graduate students, five of its professors and two of its alumni have been honored as Nobel Laureates.

While juniors are considered in Confucianism to owe their seniors reverence, seniors also have duties of benevolence and concern toward juniors.

While references to the sexual exploitation of maidservants appear in literature, it was considered disgraceful for a man to keep such women under the same roof as his wife.

While considered a saint in most other branches of Christianity, Clement's veneration is very limited, although the Universal Catholic Church's cathedral in Dallas is dedicated to him.

While they can be considered completely independent intellectual pursuits, increasingly scholars are interested in the areas of critique where the two overlap.

While many of these systems involve cars permanently attached to the cable, the system developed by Poma-Otis, a company formed by the merger of the cable car interests of the Pomagalski ski lift company and the Otis Elevator Company, allows the car to be decoupled from the cable under computer control, and can thus be considered a modern interpretation of the cable car.

While Cernunnos was never assimilated, scholars have sometimes compared him functionally to Greek and Roman divine figures such as Mercury, Actaeon, specialized forms of Jupiter, and Dis Pater, the latter of whom Julius Caesar said was considered the ancestor of the Gauls.

While both versions serve much the same purpose, the details of the protocol for IPv4 and IPv6 are sufficiently different that they may be considered separate protocols.

While Scary Monsters utilised principles established by the Berlin albums, it was considered by critics to be far more direct musically and lyrically.

While at Ace, he and co-editor Terry Carr began an annual anthology series, The World's Best Science Fiction, the first collection of what they considered the best of the prior year's short stories, from magazines, hardcovers, paperback collections and other anthologies.

While individual equations present a kind of puzzle and have been considered throughout history, the formulation of general theories of Diophantine equations ( beyond the theory of quadratic forms ) was an achievement of the twentieth century.

While not built to expressway standards, many roads in Addis Ababa and other cities can be considered dual carriageways and have up to four lanes in each direction with hardly any intersections.

While openness and accountability are usually considered cornerstones of a democratic system, the act of casting a vote and the content of a voter's ballot are usually an important exception.

While philosophers have generally considered the human mind to include broad faculties, such as reason and lust, evolutionary psychologists describe evolved psychological mechanisms as narrowly focused to deal with specific issues, such as catching cheaters or choosing mates.

While use of the term " extreme sport " has spread far and wide to describe a multitude of different activities, exactly which sports are considered ' extreme ' is debatable.

While a player is taking a free hit or starting a corner the back swing of their hit cannot be too high for this is considered dangerous.