" While the document itself is not in any way actual law, it is used by the town council, board of adjustment, and other committees to guide decision making as to what types of development are appropriate.

While he is a confirmed compatibilist on free will, in " On Giving Libertarians What They Say They Want " – Chapter 15 of his 1978 book Brainstorms, Dennett articulated the case for a two-stage model of decision making in contrast to libertarian views.

While progressive, this was a controversial design decision among fans of the original title, a well-known first-person shooter built on the Doom engine.

While attempts to implement a similar system had been made before and other networks have since developed registration services of their own, at the time DALnet's successful decision to allow and enforce nickname and channel registration was considered to be unique and even controversial, as it went against established practice.

* While the decision problem is NP-complete the optimization problem is NP-hard, its resolution is at least as difficult as the decision problem, and there is no known polynomial algorithm which can tell, given a solution, whether it is optimal ( which would mean that there is no solution with a larger, thus solving the decision problem NP-complete ).

While the first use of a roundel in a London transport context was the 19th-century symbol of the London General Omnibus Company – a wheel with a bar across the centre bearing the word GENERAL – its use on the Underground stems from the decision in 1908 to find a more obvious way of highlighting station names on platforms.

While the wealthy capitalists who controlled the House of Commons benefited from these monopolies, Parliament found it difficult to implement them because of the high cost of group decision making.

While many attributed the success of the PDP-11 to DEC's decision to make the PDP-11 Unibus an open architecture, DEC reverted to prior philosophy with the KL, making MASSbus both unique and proprietary.

While the album is almost completely guitar-driven, it is mostly devoid of any conventional sounding guitar solos, a conscious decision made by Lifeson during the writing process.

While the U. S. Supreme Court majority in 1896 Plessy explicitly upheld only " separate but equal " facilities ( specifically, transportation facilities ), Justice John Marshall Harlan in his dissent protested that the decision was an expression of white supremacy ; he predicted that segregation would " stimulate aggressions … upon the admitted rights of colored citizens ," " arouse race hate " and " perpetuate a feeling of distrust between races.

While political maneuvering was setting the stage for an official declaration of independence, a document explaining the decision was being written.

While the decision was welcomed by the Australian Muslim community, Kraft was criticised by some sections of the public-the Family Council of Australia labelled it as " ridiculous " political correctness.

While key deliverables of the paper process must be maintained, benefits of real-time data input validation, traceability, and automated decision point routing may not be anticipated at the early planning stages of the project.

While LOCAL_PREFERENCE is the first rule in the standard, once reach-ability of the NEXT_HOP is verified, Cisco and several other vendors first consider a decision factor called WEIGHT which is local to the router ( i. e. not transmitted by BGP ).

While this decision was popular with web standards advocates, it was largely unpopular with Netscape developers, who were unhappy with the six months given for the rewrite.

* While Disclosure requires the researcher to supply the subject with the information necessary to make an autonomous decision, the investigators must ensure that subjects have adequate comprehension of the information provided.

While this decision process was made no less complex by being informal, common factors included the local power structure ( archbishops and nobles being the most likely recipients of a charter to collect tolls ), space between toll stations ( authorized toll stations seem to have been at least five kilometres apart ), and ability to be defended from attack ( some castles through which tolls were collected were tactically useful until the French invaded in 1689 and levelled them ).

While the Court did not declare preclearance unconstitutional, the decision redefined the law to allow any political subdivision covered by Section 5 to request exemption from federal review.

While making its decision, UNESCO also cited Russian Altai's importance for preservation of the globally endangered mammals, such as snow leopard and the Altai argali.

While CDC was still making computers, it was decided that hardware manufacturing was no longer as profitable as it used to be, and so in 1988, the decision to leave the industry, bit by bit, was made.

While the crowd waits anxiously for his decision, he sees the princess among the spectators, who points him to the door on the right.

While between 7-10 % of men who have a vasectomy, regret their decision.

While a man may initially be satisfied with his decision to have a vasectomy, this view may change " later on his life history " such as subsequent to the breakdown of his primary relationship and re-coupling with a new partner who desires children.

While owning steel works, Carnegie had purchased at low cost the most valuable of the iron ore fields around Lake Superior.

While this was OK for Europe, it meant that GSM could not cover large, sparsely populated rural areas of Australia cost effectively.

The cabal was created in an effort to facilitate reliable propagation of new Usenet posts: While in the 1970s and 1980s many news servers only operated during night time to save on the cost of long distance communication, servers of the backbone cabal were available 24 hours a day.

While nations often strive for substantive harmony to facilitate cross-national distribution, philosophical differences about the optimal extent of regulation can be a hindrance ; more restrictive regulations seem appealing on an intuitive level, but critics decry the tradeoff cost in terms of slowing access to life-saving developments.

While both types of gun were effective against wooden ships, neither had the capability to pierce the armour of ironclads ; due to reports of slight problems with the breeches of the Armstrong gun, and their higher cost, the older muzzle-loaders were selected to remain in service, instead.

While many designs achieved the aim of higher throughput at lower cost and also allowed high-level language constructs to be expressed by fewer instructions, it was observed that this was not always the case.

While Canion developed an 18-month plan to create a line of low-priced computers, Rosen sent his own Compaq engineering team to Comdex without Canion's knowledge and discovered that a low-priced PC could be made in half the time and at lower cost than Canion's initiative.

While there were wide needs for accurate navigation in military and civilian sectors, almost none of those were seen as justification for the billions of dollars it would cost in research, development, deployment, and operation for a constellation of navigation satellites.

While it cannot be determined why exactly the government does not allow private cars to be fuelled by diesel, it has been pointed out that the government does receive a tax that is 150 % of the actual fuel cost.

While moderately successful, the modification would cost about three times as much as originally thought, and the project was dropped due to lack of money.

While each German ship was more expensive than the last, the British managed to reduce the cost of the succeeding generations of Bellerophon and St. Vincent class battleships.

While the capital cost of electrifying track is high, electric trains and locomotives are capable of higher performance and lower operational costs than steam or diesel power.

While the cost of supporting and hosting the project is high, OCW expanded in 2005 to include other universities as a part of the OpenCourseWare Consortium, which currently includes more than 250 academic institutions with content available in least six languages.

* Diversification: While this may hedge a company against a downturn in an individual industry it fails to deliver value, since it is possible for individual shareholders to achieve the same hedge by diversifying their portfolios at a much lower cost than those associated with a merger.

While the cost for pain patients varies based on many factors, leading to few specifics in the literature, one source states that " in some cases monthly costs to patients for oral methadone can be more than 30-fold less than equianalgesic doses of other generic or brand-name opioid analgesics ".

While it is possible to define some arbitrary, ad hoc cost function, frequently a particular cost will be used, either because it has desirable properties ( such as convexity ) or because it arises naturally from a particular formulation of the problem ( e. g., in a probabilistic formulation the posterior probability of the model can be used as an inverse cost ).

While billing is sometimes done using a flat per-game rate ( when the length of the game is known and finite ), games more typically use a per-turn cost schedule.

While that was about twice the petroleum fuel cost in 2010, it is expected to be much less than the market price in less than five years if recent trends continue.

While the two have indeed identical objectives, namely the evasion of taxes and the importation of contraband items, their demand and cost functions are altogether different requiring different analytical framework.

While talk radio has historically been associated with AM / FM, starting around 2005 the technology for Internet-based talk-radio shows became cost effective in the form of podcasts.

While Don Juan was a success at the box office, it did not recoup its production cost and Lubitsch left Warner for MGM.

While fire and forget missiles have definitive advantages in terms of guidance and operator safety, and include abilities such as top attack mode, older missiles continue in use, both in the front line armies of less developed countries, and in reserve service the world over, due to their lower cost or existing stockpiles of less advanced weapons.