While this might suggest that the Earth is at the center of the Universe, the Copernican principle requires us to interpret it as evidence for the evolution of the Universe with time: this distant light has taken most of the age of the Universe to reach and shows us the Universe when it was young.

While modernist critical theory ( as described above ) concerns itself with “ forms of authority and injustice that accompanied the evolution of industrial and corporate capitalism as a political-economic system ,” postmodern critical theory politicizes social problems “ by situating them in historical and cultural contexts, to implicate themselves in the process of collecting and analyzing data, and to relativize their findings ” ( Lindlof & Taylor, 2002, p. 52 ).

While Charles Darwin is mainly noted for his treatise on evolution, he was one of the founders of soil ecology, and he made note of the first ecological experiment in The Origin of Species.

While scientists have learned a great deal about ours and other galaxies, the most fundamental questions about formation and evolution remain only tentatively answered.

While some scientists have claimed other objects ( such as Abell 1835 IR1916 ) have higher redshifts ( and therefore are seen in an earlier stage of the Universe's evolution ), IOK-1's age and composition have been more reliably established.

While these theories were espoused by Charles Darwin and many of his students, their application as applied in Social Darwinism and General Evolution characterized in the theories of Spencer and White, historicism was neither anti-selection, nor anti-evolution, as Darwin never attempted nor offered an explanation for cultural evolution.

While he did not originate the term, Charles Darwin identified the argument as a possible way to falsify a prediction of the theory of evolution at the outset.

While grammarians, writers of dictionaries, and language policy-makers all have a certain influence on the evolution of language, their ability to influence what people think they ought to say is distinct from what people actually say.

While often seen as rejecting Darwin's theory of branching evolution for a more linear Lamarckian " biogenic law " of progressive evolution, this is not accurate: Haeckel used the Lamarckian picture to describe the ontogenic and phylogenic history of the individual species, but agreed with Darwin about the branching nature of all species from one, or a few, original ancestors.

While the applicability of the quasispecies model to real organisms is still a matter of debate in the scientific community, some researchers believe that it accurately represents the evolution of high-mutation-rate viruses such as HIV and sometimes single genes or molecules within the genomes of other organisms.

" While praising the novel generally, he faulted Niven for relying on inconsistencies regarding evolution in his extrapolations to support his fictional premises.

While this study offers a nice way to see the evolution from immature to mature VF, it still does not explain what is the mechanism behind it.

While not linked to measurements of skin tone variation directly, dopachrome tautomerase ( DCT or TYRP2 rs2031526 ), melanocortin 1 receptor ( MC1R ) Arg163Gln ( rs885479 ) and attractin ( ATRN ) have been indicated as potential contributors to the evolution of light skin in East Asian populations.

While historically, symbiosis has received less attention than other interactions such as predation or competition, it is increasingly recognized as an important selective force behind evolution,

While most scholars recognize historical links between Darwin's theory and forms of social Darwinism, they also maintain that social Darwinism is not a necessary consequence of the principles of biological evolution and that using biological evolution as a justification for policies of inequality amounts to committing the naturalistic fallacy.

While many groups of burrowing animals ( pink fairy armadillos, tuco-tucos, mole rats, mole crickets and mole crabs ) have developed close physical similarities with moles due to convergent evolution, two of these are so similar to true moles, they are commonly called and thought of as " moles " in common English, although they are completely unrelated to true moles or to each other.

While honoring the initiatic tradition of his predecessors, Pir Vilayat continually adapted traditional Eastern spiritual practices in keeping with the evolution of Western consciousness.

While it may have come as a surprise to Rivers, the offer of a Cambridge lectureship had come about as part of a long process of evolution within the University's Natural Science Tripos.

While he seems to have originally believed in evolution, he later takes up the creationist cause to bolster his church's membership.

While there are general trends in the medieval evolution of the sword, it was by no means a linear process.

* While not much is known about them, the Ancient Humanoids from Star Trek have manipulated the course of biological evolution across the entire galaxy millions of years ago.

While seabirds vary greatly in lifestyle, behaviour and physiology, they often exhibit striking convergent evolution, as the same environmental problems and feeding niches have resulted in similar adaptations.

While Miss Marple is described as ' an old lady ' in many of the stories, her age is mentioned in " At Bertram's Hotel ", where it is said she visited the hotel when she was 14 and almost 60 years have passed since then.

While the sun is similarly described as being aflame, it is not composed of rarefied air like the stars but rather of earth like the moon ; its burning comes not from its composition but rather from its rapid motion .< ref > Kirk, G. S., J. E.

While an organism with complete absence of melanin is called an albino ( American English, or British English ) an organism with only a diminished amount of melanin is described as albinoid.

" While Frank Miller has described the relationship between Batman and the Joker as a " homophobic nightmare ," he views the character as sublimating his sexual urges into crimefighting, concluding, " He'd be much healthier if he were gay.

While that system was first described in a paper by Diffie and me, it is a public key distribution system, a concept developed by Merkle, and hence should be called ' Diffie – Hellman – Merkle key exchange ' if names are to be associated with it.

While the origin of Easter eggs can be explained in the symbolic terms described above, a sacred tradition among followers of Eastern Christianity says that Mary Magdalene was bringing cooked eggs to share with the other women at the tomb of Jesus, and the eggs in her basket miraculously turned brilliant red when she saw the risen Christ. The egg represents the boulder of the tomb of Jesus.

While accepting that Paul's apostolic anointing was likely only recognized by the Apostles in Jerusalem during the events described in Gal.

While formal language theory usually concerns itself with formal languages that are described by some syntactical rules, the actual definition of the concept " formal language " is only as above: a ( possibly infinite ) set of finite-length strings, no more nor less.

While not one of George Carlin's original seven dirty words, he noted in a later routine that the word fart, ought to be added to " the list " of words that were not acceptable ( for broadcast ) in any context ( which have non-offensive meanings ), and described television as ( then ) a " fart-free zone ".

While the heavens were variously described as being like an umbrella covering the earth ( the Kai Tian theory ), or like a sphere surrounding it ( the Hun Tian theory ), or as being without substance while the heavenly bodies float freely ( the Hsüan yeh theory ), the earth was at all times flat, although perhaps bulging up slightly.

While removing one source of guilt from patients, he described another.

While the use of layers much later became one of the main typical features of a contemporary GIS, the photographic process just described is not considered to be a GIS in itself – as the maps were just images with no database to link them to.

While the description of strong and weak interactions within the Standard Model is based on gauge symmetries governed by the simple symmetry groups SU ( 3 ) and SU ( 2 ) which allow only discrete charges, the remaining component, the weak hypercharge interaction is described by an abelian symmetry U ( 1 ) which in principle allows for arbitrary charge assignments.

While a member of the Institute of Social Research, Marcuse developed a model for critical social theory, created a theory of the new stage of state and monopoly capitalism, described the relationships between philosophy, social theory, and cultural criticism, and provided an analysis and critique of German fascism.

While some tenets of hacker ethic were described in other texts like Computer Lib / Dream Machines ( 1974 ) by Theodor Nelson, Levy appears to have been the first to document both the philosophy and the founders of the philosophy.

While empirical investigations of the natural world have been described since classical antiquity ( for example, by Thales, Aristotle, and others ), and scientific methods have been employed since the Middle Ages ( for example, by Ibn al-Haytham, Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī and Roger Bacon ), the dawn of modern science is generally traced back to the early modern period, during what is known as the Scientific Revolution that took place in 16th and 17th century Europe.

While the President was recovering in the hospital, McFarlane met with him and told him that representatives from Israel had contacted the National Security Agency to pass on confidential information from what Reagan later described as the " moderate " Iranian faction opposed to the Ayatollah's hardline anti-American policies.

While the group asserts that it " unequivocally condemns terrorism " and states that it has a " strict no-tolerance policy against terrorism and other felonious acts ," it was described as " a right-wing terrorist group " by the FBI in 2001 .< ref name = spl >

While the nations still offer limited housing, today they are best described as student societies.

While some writers attacked the madness of the new modernism, others described it as soulless and mechanistic.

While Xenophon and Plato also described realistic politics, and were closer to Machiavelli than Aristotle was, they, like Aristotle, also saw Philosophy as something higher than politics.

While J. Gordon Melton, Wouter Hanegraaff, and Paul Heelas have emphasised personal aspects, Mark Satin, Theodore Roszak, Marilyn Ferguson, and Corinne McLaughlin have described New Age as a values-based sociopolitical movement.

While the relationship of the African species is comparatively straightforward, a large number of Asian species of Ostrich have been described from fragmentary remains, and their interrelationships and how they relate to the African Ostriches is confusing.

While the term " Postmodern " and its derivatives are freely used, with some uses apparently contradicting others, those outside the academic milieu have described it as merely a buzzword that means nothing.