A problem employing retrograde analysis may, for example, present a position and ask questions like " What was White's last move?

In the year 2000, this last move ( which was already considered by Traxler himself ) was credited as the ' refutation ' of the Traxler variation, after an article in the New in Chess Yearbook series, featuring a cover diagram after White's seventh move.

Now Black can equalize simply by eliminating White's last center pawn with 5 ... Nxe4, after which White regains the material with 6. Re1 d5 7. Bxd5 Qxd5 8. Nc3 but Black has a comfortable position after 8 ... Qa5 or 8 ... Qh5, or obtain good chances with the complex Max Lange Attack after 5 ... Bc5 6. e5 d5.

However David White's " Dee " were relegated on the last day of the season after rivals Dundee United edged ahead on goal average with an unlikely draw with champions Rangers.

The solver must deduce White's last move.

Therefore White's last move was king f5 takes knight on e5.

The last quarter century of White's life was spent as an unofficial national spokesman for Middle America.

Coinciding with White's career-best form, Melbourne sat atop the AFL ladder after Round 18, but in the final month of the season, the team lost its last five matches, finishing fifth after Round 22, and losing to Essendon in the Elimination Final.

During filming on May 6, 1946, Curly suffered a severe stroke while sitting in director Jules White's chair, waiting to film the last scene of the day.

Jack White's original last name is Gillis.

The game marked Danny White's last as head coach of the Rattlers, and indeed the end of an era for the franchise itself.

Parliament did not ratify the proposal, nor did anything come of the 1909 South Australian premier's plan to send surveyors to subdivide some of the land on the east of White's marked border, the last " legally proclaimed " border.

In this position, if the knight is on a white square and it is White's turn to move, White cannot win.

Black can respond in a variety of ways: perhaps the most principled is to make a claim to the centre ( which White's first move ignores ) with 1 ... d5 ( possibly followed by 2. Bb2 Qd6, attacking b4 and supporting e7-e5 ),< ref >

Promotion occurs where pawns cannot move further, namely the rank E5 ( for White's pawns ) and rank A1 ( Black's pawns ).

In the second diagram, from Unzicker versus Averbakh, Stockholm Interzonal 1952, Black ( on move ) would soon be forced to give up one of his rooks for White's c-pawn ( to prevent it from promoting or to capture the promoted queen after promotion ).

If it is White's move, he must either stalemate Black with 1. Kc6 or abandon the pawn, allowing 1 ... Kxc7 with a draw.

These restrictions do not carry over from one turn to the next -- so the opening 1. e4 2. e6 f6 3. e5 Nf3 Bc4 is legal ( White's e-pawn may move again because its moves are on different turns ), but the sequence 1. e4 2. e6 f6 3. e5 Ba6 Bxb7 is not ( the bishop has made two moves, but there are many other white pieces which have not moved on that turn ).

In each of these cases there are other ways for Black to counter White's threat, but the Pickaninny move is the only one that doesn't give White a new mate ( for example, after 1. exf3, Bg6 prevents White's threats, but is not any good because it allows 2. Rxe6 #).

The problem is a helpmate in 2, which means Black moves first and cooperates with White to move to a position where Black is in checkmate after White's second move.

This includes move number indicators ( numbers followed by either one or three periods ; one if the next move is White's move, three if the next move is Black's move ) and movetext Standard Algebraic Notation ( SAN ).

White can draw however, by taking advantage of the fact that the king can move in two directions at once: towards Black's pawn and towards White's own.

In that position, even if it were White's move, there is no way to avoid this stalemate without allowing Black's pawn to promote.

In a helpmate in n moves, Black moves first, then White, each side moving n times, to culminate in White's nth move checkmating Black.

At the most basic level, White's third move attacks the knight which defends the e5 pawn from the attack by the f3 knight.

White's 3. Bb5 is still a good move, however: it develops a piece, prepares castling, and sets up a potential pin against Black's king.

Since White's third move carries no immediate threat, Black can respond in a wide variety of ways.

White's continued slide down the rankings saw him drop to 65th but he recovered slightly to move up to no.

An example of Black's strategy carried out successfully is the classic game Mikhail Botvinnik versus Samuel Reshevsky from the 1948 World Championship Match-Tournament, which reached the position in the diagram after White's 24th move.

Perhaps the most extreme example in science fiction is James White's Sector General: a series of novels and short stories about multienvironment hospital for the strangest life-forms imaginable, some of them breathing methane, chlorine, water and sometimes also oxygen.

It lends its name to the 1960 musical Camelot by Alan Jay Lerner and Frederick Loewe, which is based on T. H. White's literary version of the legend, The Once and Future King.

The complete history of The Elements of Style is detailed in Mark Garvey's Stylized: A Slightly Obsessive History of Strunk & White's The Elements of Style.

Merlin is a major character in T. H. White's collection The Once and Future King and the related The Book of Merlyn.

One of the best known of the film Merlins is the Merlin of the 1963 animated Disney film The Sword in the Stone, based on T. H. White's novel of the same name.

* 1862 – American Civil War: the Potomac River is crossed at White's Ford in the Maryland Campaign.

In the diagram at right, White's knight on d5 is very powerful – more powerful than Black's bishop on g7.

White's most remarked-upon service for Cecil is his report on his visit with Mary, Queen of Scots, in 1569, during the early years of her imprisonment by Queen Elizabeth.

White's 3. Nxe5 is the main line.

White's 3. exf5 followed by e4 4. Ne5 Nf6 5. Be2 is recommended by John L. Watson and Eric Schiller.

However, White's rook on the d1 square is pinned against its king in the corner at h1 by Black's rook on c1, making the checkmate unplayable.

Bukka White's " Fixin ' to Die ," recorded in Chicago in 1940, is driven by a syncopated washboard backup.

The Oxford English Dictionary dates the English common name " barn swallow " to 1851, though an earlier instance of the collocation in an English-language context is in Gilbert White's popular book The Natural History of Selborne, originally published in 1789:

The maxim that " a pawn on the seventh is worth two on the fifth " makes sense from both Black's perspective as well as White's perspective.

John White's exact date of birth is unknown but it seems likely he was born some time between 1540 and 1550.

Little is known of White's training as an artist but it is possible that he apprenticed as an illustrator under a London master.

Little is known of White's life after the failure of the Roanoke Colony.

It is called White's Branch Arch ( also known as the Narrows ) and the road going over it is usually referred to as the Narrows Road.

The Bodleian is used as background scenery in Dorothy L. Sayers Gaudy Night, features in Michael White's Equinox, and is one of the libraries consulted by Christine Greenaway ( one of Bodley's librarians ) in Colin Dexter's Inspector Morse novel The Wench is Dead.