The first was Duchess Anna of Prussia, daughter of Duke John William's eldest sister, Marie Eleonore of Cleves.

The second was Wolfgang William, Count Palatine of Neuburg, who was the son of Duke John William's second eldest sister, Anna of Cleves.

Duchess Anna of Prussia claimed Jülich-Cleves-Berg as the heir to the senior line, while Wolfgang William, Count Palatine of Neuburg claimed Jülich-Cleves-Berg as Duke John William's eldest male heir.

William's father was Robert Pitt ( 1680 – 1727 ), the eldest son of Governor Pitt, who served as a Tory Member of Parliament from 1705 to 1727.

As well as promising a large sum of money, the ailing William agreed to his elder daughters marrying English nobles and, when the treaty was renewed in 1212, John apparently gained the hand of William's only surviving legitimate son, and heir, Alexander, for his eldest daughter, Joan.

William's final years were marked by difficulties in his continental domains, troubles with his eldest son, and threatened invasions of England by the Danes.

William's lands were divided after his death: Normandy went to his eldest son, Robert, and his second surviving son, William, received England.

After King William's death in 1087 Edgar supported William's eldest son Robert Curthose, who succeeded him as Duke of Normandy, against his second son, William Rufus, who received the throne of England as William II.

William's eldest surviving son, Aymer ( c. 1265 – 1324 ), succeeded to his father's estates, but was not formally recognized as Earl of Pembroke until after the death of his mother Joan in 1307.

William's eldest son Albert died at age 20 while attending the newly formed University of Michigan as a sophomore.

The crowns of Hanover and Great Britain, which had been in personal union since 1714, were separated in 1837 upon the death of King William IV: his niece Victoria inherited the British crown under male-preference primogeniture but, because of semi-Salic law, was ineligible to that of Hanover, which passed to William's eldest surviving brother, Ernest I.

William's wife, Maud, and eldest son, William, once captured, were murdered by King John, possibly starved to death while incarcerated at Windsor Castle and Corfe Castle in 1210.

William's eldest daughter Matilda ( also called Maud ) married a prominent Welsh prince, Gruffydd ap Rhys II of Deheubarth.

William's eldest brother was General George Howe, who was killed just before the 1758 Battle of Carillon at Fort Ticonderoga.

It was William's will that his eldest son succeed him and his second son receive the principality of Capua.

A proposal to marry William's elder daughter Isabella to Andronikos, eldest son of Michael VIII, was strongly opposed by the Achaean nobility, who had no desire to come under Byzantine rule.

He was the eldest son of Raymond IV of Toulouse, and had ruled Toulouse since Raymond left on the First Crusade in 1095-although, between 1098 and 1100, he was dispossessed by his cousin Philippa and her husband Duke William IX of Aquitaine, who marched into Toulouse and captured it, before mortgaging it back to Bertrand in 1100 to fund Duke William's expedition to the Holy Land.

When in 1602 John William's son and successor Frederick William I died, the Duchy of Saxe-Weimar passed to his younger brother John II, while in 1603 Frederick William's eldest son John Philip in compensation received the newly created Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg.

The family was continued by Sir William's eldest son, Erasmus ( b. 1502-d. 1540 ), whose son William succeeded to his grandfather's estates in 1554, and to those of his uncle Clement in 1597.

William's eldest brother, Colonel Samuel Wells, and his father-in-law, Frederick Geiger, were both at the Battle of Tippecanoe ; Geiger was wounded in the initial attack.

She was usually the first daughter in lists of William's children, and thus probably the eldest.

The King's brother Prince William ( the future King and Emperor William I ) had fled to England, and Bismarck intrigued with William's wife Augusta to place their teenage son ( the future Frederick III ) on the Prussian throne in King Frederick William IV's place — Augusta would have none of it, and detested Bismarck thereafter, although Bismarck did later help to restore a working relationship between the King and his brother, who were on poor terms.

When he died the following year Boconnoc was inherited by William's elder brother, Thomas Pitt of Boconnoc.

Robert, William's father, became Duke of Normandy on 6 August 1027, in succession to his elder brother Richard III, who had only succeeded to the title the previous year.

Even after the younger William's death in 1100 and the succession of his youngest brother Henry as king, Normandy and England remained contested between the brothers until Robert's capture by Henry at the Battle of Tinchebray in 1106.

In 1096, William's brother Robert Curthose joined the First Crusade.

William's younger brother, Henry, hastened to Winchester to secure the royal treasury, then to London, where he was crowned within days, before either archbishop could arrive.

Moreover, William's brother Henry, who was among the hunting party that day, benefited directly from William's death, shortly thereafter being crowned king.

Under Salic law, the Kingdom of Hanover passes to William's brother, Ernest Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, ending the personal union of Britain and Hanover which has persisted since 1714.

In early 1565, a large group of lesser noblemen, including William's younger brother Louis, formed the Confederacy of Noblemen.

Aremberg was killed in the battle, as was William's brother Adolf.

Explorers William Clark and his slave York were members of the Lewis and Clark Expedition ( 1803 – 1805 ), and William's older brother, General George Rogers Clark -- conqueror of the old Northwest Territory and Revolutionary War hero.

With his older brother John, Robert took on the family business, which included lucrative work for the Board of Ordnance, after William's death.

Sir John's great-grandsons were William Cavendish ( 3rd husband of Bess of Hardwick ) and George Cavendish, William's brother and Cardinal Thomas Wolsey's biographer.

Sometime around 1806, Martha Ogle and her brother, Peter Huskey, along with her daughter, Rebecca and her husband, James McCarter made the journey over the Indian Gap Trail to what is now Gatlinburg, where William's notched logs awaited them.

William's elder brother Frederick, Prince of Wales, proposed dividing the king's dominions.

The chiefship of the Clan Ross passed to Earl William's brother Hugh Ross of Rariches, who was granted a charter, in 1374, for the lands of Balnagowan.

Lord Byron's son and heir ( also named William ) eloped with Juliana Byron, the daughter of William's brother John Byron.

William's younger brother, Philip, also accompanied the king to Ireland, and remained with the garrison at Wexford.

Stark also noticed an additional gap in the defense line and ordered Lieutenant Nathaniel Hutchins from his brother William's company and others to follow him down a bank to the edge of the Mystic River.

John succeeded his brother as head of the business in 1834, on William's death ; four years later he was joined by Major William Blackwood, who continued in the firm until his death in 1861.

Adelaide married William in a double wedding with William's brother, Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, and his bride Victoria, Dowager Princess of Leiningen, on 11 July 1818, at Kew Palace in Surrey, England.

William's family, his elder red-gold haired sister Ethel and brother Robert, placid mother and stern father, and never-ending supply of elderly aunts, cannot understand William.