The benefits of greater authority were reaped by William's son Alexander II and his son Alexander III, who pursued a policy of peace with England to expand their authority in the Highlands and Islands.

Eight years later, after William's death in 1120, a much more momentous union was made between Henry's daughter, ( the former Empress ) Matilda and Fulk's son Geoffrey Plantagenet, which eventually resulted in the union of the two realms under the Plantagenet Kings.

Even though Gospatric and Siward's son Waltheof submitted by the end of the year, the arrival of a Danish army under Sweyn Estridsson seemed to ensure that William's position remained weak.

The King's brother Prince William ( the future King and Emperor William I ) had fled to England, and Bismarck intrigued with William's wife Augusta to place their teenage son ( the future Frederick III ) on the Prussian throne in King Frederick William IV's place — Augusta would have none of it, and detested Bismarck thereafter, although Bismarck did later help to restore a working relationship between the King and his brother, who were on poor terms.

Stephen narrowly escaped drowning with Henry I's son, William Adelin, in the sinking of the White Ship in 1120 ; William's death left the succession of the English throne open to challenge.

The second was Wolfgang William, Count Palatine of Neuburg, who was the son of Duke John William's second eldest sister, Anna of Cleves.

William's father was Robert Pitt ( 1680 – 1727 ), the eldest son of Governor Pitt, who served as a Tory Member of Parliament from 1705 to 1727.

As well as promising a large sum of money, the ailing William agreed to his elder daughters marrying English nobles and, when the treaty was renewed in 1212, John apparently gained the hand of William's only surviving legitimate son, and heir, Alexander, for his eldest daughter, Joan.

William's final years were marked by difficulties in his continental domains, troubles with his eldest son, and threatened invasions of England by the Danes.

William's lands were divided after his death: Normandy went to his eldest son, Robert, and his second surviving son, William, received England.

William departed Normandy in July 1080, and in the autumn William's son Robert was sent on a campaign against the Scots.

William left Normandy to Robert, and the custody of England was given to William's second surviving son, also called William, on the assumption that he would become king.

Rebellions continued, and William's son William Rufus decided to partition Northumbria.

William's mother showed little personal interest in her son, sometimes being absent for years, and had always deliberately kept herself apart from Dutch society.

In June, James's wife, Mary of Modena, bore a son ( James Francis Edward Stuart ), who displaced William's wife to become first in the line of succession.

After King William's death in 1087 Edgar supported William's eldest son Robert Curthose, who succeeded him as Duke of Normandy, against his second son, William Rufus, who received the throne of England as William II.

It was in November 1555, shortly after Charles had abdicated in favour of his son, Philip II of Spain that the gout-afflicted Emperor leaned on William's shoulder during his abdication ceremony.

William's eldest surviving son, Aymer ( c. 1265 – 1324 ), succeeded to his father's estates, but was not formally recognized as Earl of Pembroke until after the death of his mother Joan in 1307.

William's son Noel Van Horn is also a Disney comics artist, focusing on Mickey Mouse-stories.

Robert, William's father, became Duke of Normandy on 6 August 1027, in succession to his elder brother Richard III, who had only succeeded to the title the previous year.

By 1031 Robert had gathered considerable support from noblemen, many of whom would become prominent during William's life.

The second, which included some who became William's firm supporters, such as Robert, Count of Eu, Walter Giffard, Roger of Mortemer, and William de Warenne, faced the other invading force.

The trouble in 1077 or 1078 resulted in Robert leaving Normandy accompanied by a band of young men, many of them the sons of William's supporters.

The immediate consequence of William's death was a war between his sons Robert and William over control of England and Normandy.

In 1096, William's brother Robert Curthose joined the First Crusade.

William then ruled Normandy as regent in Robert's absence — Robert did not return until September 1100, one month after William's death.

However, within months Robert left England, unhappy with William's failure to fulfil the pact between them, and Edgar went with him to Normandy.

After the king's death Odo returned to his earldom and soon organized a rebellion in support of William's son Robert Curthose, who had been made Duke of Normandy.

With his older brother John, Robert took on the family business, which included lucrative work for the Board of Ordnance, after William's death.

The Starkweather clan had lived in Preston at least as early as 1694, according to records of a land gift in which Captain John Masons gave land to Robert Starkweather, William's grandfather.

Later in 1086-7, Robert Malet, William's son, founded the Benedictine Priory of St Peter, a cell of the Abbey of Bernay in Normandy.

Duke Robert had persuaded the king to allow Bishop William's return, perhaps in recognition of a service St-Calais performed for the king by brokering the end of a siege in Normandy that the king's forces were about to lose.

The stallion is believed to have been captured by Captain Robert Byerley at the Battle of Buda ( 1686 ), served as Byerley's war horse when he was dispatched to Ireland in 1689 during King William's War and saw further military service in the Battle of the Boyne.

William's family, his elder red-gold haired sister Ethel and brother Robert, placid mother and stern father, and never-ending supply of elderly aunts, cannot understand William.

Robert Brown, shared with the parish schoolmaster in tutoring the clever boy until, at the age of fifteen, he was entered at King William's College.

Surprisingly for a pro-conqueror text, William's Gesta Guillelmi was an apparent failure in Norman England with no known copied manuscripts produced, this has led to some scholars theorizing that William ended his days in political disgrace Compelling links can be made between William of Poitiers and Duke William's rebellious son Robert, this could explain why Orderic stated that William was unable to finish his history as he was ' prevented by unfavourable circumstances ', however this remains speculation.

William's children were still fighting over the collective Anglo-Norman inheritance.

Although many of the Norman nobles engaged in their own private wars and feuds during William's minority, the viscounts still acknowledged the ducal government, and the ecclesiastical hierarchy was supportive of William.

Government was still centred around William's household ; when he was in one part of his realms, decisions would be made for other parts of his domains and transmitted through a communication system that utilised letters and other documents.

William's victory over James at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690 is still commemorated by the Orange Order.

A letter from Llywelyn to William's wife, Eva de Braose, written shortly after the execution enquires whether she still wishes the marriage between Dafydd and Isabella to take place.

Although William's main rivals were gone, he still faced a number of rebellions over the following years, and it was not until after 1072 that he was secure on his throne.

* Princess Carolina, his sister ( who at the time was an adult aged 22, while he was still a minor at 17 ), from 1765 to William's majority in 1766.

Ironically, the name of Philip II of Spain, William's adversary, appears on the official foundation certificate, as he was still the de jure count of Holland.

Although most contemporaries would not have considered there to be much of a distinction between monks and canons, William's election still occasioned some trepidation among the monks of the Canterbury chapter, who were " alarmed at the appointment, since he was a clerk ".

William's works are still considered invaluable, and despite these shortcomings, William of Malmesbury remains one of the most celebrated English chroniclers of the twelfth century.

Other than William's account of the flight, nothing has survived of Eilmer's lifetime work as a monk, although his astrological treatises apparently still circulated as late as the 16th century.

One of William's poems, possibly written at the time of his first excommunication, since it implies his son was still a minor, is partly a musing on mortality: Pos de chantar m ' es pres talenz ( Since I have the desire to sing ,/ I'll write a verse for which I'll grieve ).

In 1144, William's body was found upon Mousehold Heath, an extensive woodland to the north-east of Norwich that still exists.

On his return to Holland he was rewarded by William's still warmer friendship, and the post of court chaplain ; and after the Revolution he continued to hold this office, under the title of royal chaplain for Scotland.

Rufus built a wooden motte-and-bailey castle above the town, whose earthworks are still visible today and called " William's Hill ".

The story also focuses on William's and Marygay's relationship to their children, who do not agree with their parents ' views, but still have to deal with their parents ' fleeing ' into the future.

William's elder son Pons left two children, of whom William IV succeeded his father in Toulouse, Albi and Quercy ; while the younger, Raymond IV, made himself master of the vast possessions of the counts of Rouergue, married his cousin the heiress of Provence, and about 1085 began to rule the immense estates of his elder brother, who was still living.

Even though William's position was still weak, with Gui of Burgundy still holding out and William having to pardon many of the barons who had opposed him, it would be five years before he had to face another major revolt.

William's poem speaks of Baldwin as still alive.

Control of the company was handed down to William's son, Bob Goodrich, who still heads Goodrich Quality Theaters.