Hayek saw the British philosophers Bernard Mandeville, David Hume, Adam Smith, Adam Ferguson, Josiah Tucker, Edmund Burke and William Paley as representative of a tradition that articulated beliefs in empiricism, the common law, and in traditions and institutions which had spontaneously evolved but were imperfectly understood.

William Paley famously argued, in his 1802 watchmaker analogy, that complexity in nature implies a God for the same reason that the existence of a watch implies the existence of a watchmaker.

Notably, Behe credits philosopher William Paley for the original concept, not von Bertalanffy, and suggests that his application of the concept to biological systems is entirely original.

As previously indicated, this argument is merely a restatement of the Reverend William Paley ’ s argument applied at the cell level.

These would later help influence the work of William Paley ( see below ).

Other historical non-Sabbatarians from more recent times include the Anglicans Peter Heylin, William Paley and John Milton ; the nonconformist Philip Doddridge ; the Quaker Robert Barclay ; and Congregationalist James Baldwin Brown.

William Paley developed these ideas with his version of the watch maker analogy.

He developed an early version of the watchmaker analogy, which was later developed by William Paley.

William Paley presented the watchmaker analogy in his Natural Theology ( 1802 ).

* William Paley ( 1743 – 1805 ) English theologian known for his exposition of the teleological argument and rational religion.

Gay ’ s theological utilitarianism was developed and popularized by William Paley.

It has been claimed that Paley was not a very original thinker and that the philosophical part of his treatise on ethics is “ an assemblage of ideas developed by others and is presented to be learned by students rather than debated by colleagues .” Nevertheless, his book The Principles of Moral and Political Philosophy ( 1785 ) was a required text at Cambridge and Smith says that Paley ’ s writings were “ once as well known in American colleges as were the readers and spellers of William McGuffey and Noah Webster in the elementary schools .” Although now largely missing from the philosophical canon, Schneewind writes that " utilitarianism first became widely known in England through the work of William Paley.

He also argued that if the “ average happiness enjoyed remains undiminished, Utilitarianism directs us to make the number enjoying it as great as possible .” This was also the view taken earlier by William Paley.

File: William-Paley. png | William Paley

William Paley ( July 1743 – 25 May 1805 ) was an English Christian apologist, philosopher, and utilitarian.

The Mind of William Paley, Lincoln, Nebraska, 1976.

* Meadley, G. W. Memoirs of William Paley, to which is Added an Appendix, London, 1809.

* Paley, E. An Account of the Life and Writings of William Paley,, Farnborough: Gregg, 1970 ; originally, this was the first volume of The Works of William Paley, London, 1825.

Bronson gave it up after only a month and was self-educated from then on. He was not particularly social and his only close friend was his neighbor and second cousin William Alcott, with whom he shared books and ideas.

Abbotsford gave its name to the " Abbotsford Club ", a successor of the Bannatyne and Maitland clubs, founded by William Barclay Turnbull in 1834 in Scott's honour, for printing and publishing historical works connected with his writings.

King William gave the Abbey independence from its mother church and endowed it generously, including income from 24 parishes, land in every royal burgh and more.

Ryan was forced out in in favor of Myron Wilson, who in turn gave way to William Daley in.

In 1912, William Mestrezat gave the first accurate description of the chemical composition of the CSF.

A Lucy Swift gave birth in 1771 to a baby, also named Lucy, who was christened a daughter of her mother and William Swift, but there is reason to believe the father was really Darwin.

In 1600, the English scientist William Gilbert returned to the subject in De Magnete, and coined the New Latin word electricus from ηλεκτρον ( elektron ), the Greek word for " amber ", which soon gave rise to the English words " electric " and " electricity.

Eleanor's grandfather, William IX of Aquitaine, gave her this rock crystal vase, which she in turn gave to Louis as a wedding gift.

Bacon's personal secretary and chaplain, William Rawley, however, wrote in his biography of Bacon that his inter-marriage with Alice Barnham was one of " much conjugal love and respect ", mentioning a robe of honour that he gave to her, and which " she wore unto her dying day, being twenty years and more after his death ".

However it gave him an opportunity to create cultural programmes with contributions from T. S. Eliot, Dylan Thomas, E. M. Forster, Ahmed Ali, Mulk Raj Anand, and William Empson among others.

In 1971, Busey's wife Judy Helkenberg gave birth to their son, William Jacob " Jake " Busey.

William Makepeace Thackeray gave Vanity Fair the subtitle A Novel without a Hero.

John invaded Scotland and forced William to sign the Treaty of Norham, which gave John control of William's daughters and required a payment of £ 10, 000.

President William Howard Taft devoted a considerable portion of his First Annual Message to Congress ( December 7, 1909 ) to the Liberian question, noting the close historical ties between the two countries that gave an opening for a wider intervention:

Sappho of Lesbos, depicted here in a 1904 painting by John William Godward, gave the term lesbian the connotation of erotic desire between women.

It was then divided between three heirs, two of whom immediately gave their rights to William Luther Wilcox who, in turn, gave them to the Pacific Navigation Company.

William James learned pragmatism, this way of understanding an idea by its practical effects, from his friend Peirce, but he gave it new significance.

This he gave to them, gifting to them a papal ring, the Standard of St. Peter, and a papal edict to present to the English clergy saying that William was given the papal blessing for his bid to the throne.

Soon after their marriage on June 15, 1862, the couple moved to San Francisco, California, where Phoebe gave birth to their only child, William Randolph Hearst, on April 29, 1863.

William Ruhlmann of Allmusic gave the album a star rating of five stars out of five and described it as the " definitive version of the Horror score.

In 1909, Wesleyan's newly appointed president, William Newman Ainsworth, gave her permission to stay at Wesleyan and assigned her tutors.

In 1912, Harding gave the nominating speech for incumbent President William Howard Taft, who would later serve as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court during Harding's administration, at the embattled Republican National Convention in Chicago — before he completed his introduction, a fist fight ensued between the Taft supporters and the more progressive Roosevelt faction, but the speech was quite a personal success.

Bernard's mother, Maud, was the daughter of the well-known preacher Frederic William Farrar, and was eighteen years younger than her husband.

Epicurus the Sage is a two-part comic book by William Messner-Loebs and Sam Kieth portraying Epicurus as " the only sane philosopher " by anachronistically bringing him together with many other well-known Greek philosophers.

Many young churchmen and others enquiring about their faith visited him and sought his advice, including such well-known social figures as the writer and philanthropist Hannah More, and the young Member of Parliament, William Wilberforce, who had recently undergone a crisis of conscience and religious conversion as he was contemplating leaving politics.

Between December 1916 and August 1918, a total of 37 Katzenjammer Kids silent cartoon shorts were produced by William Randolph Hearst's own cartoon studio International Film Service, which adapted well-known comic strips owned by Hearst for animation.

The Freedom Assembly, which operated in Sydney during the tumultuous period of 1891-93, had as members well-known Australian labor movement people such as William Lane, Ernie Lane, WG Spence, Arthur Rae and George Black.

The first well-known public presentation of markup languages in computer text processing was made by William W. Tunnicliffe at a conference in 1967, although he preferred to call it generic coding.

Accounts note that Richard fought bravely and ably during this manoeuvre, unhorsing Sir John Cheney, a well-known jousting champion, killing Henry's standard bearer Sir William Brandon and coming within a sword's length of Henry himself before being finally surrounded by Sir William Stanley's men and killed.

The campus includes numerous works by well-known artists ( including the Centennial Fountain by Seattle artist George Tsutakawa — recipient of an honorary doctorate from Seattle U .— and a large glass sculpture in the PACCAR Atrium of Piggot Hall by Tacoma, Washington artist Dale Chihuly, as well as works by Chuck Close, Jacob Lawrence, Gwendolyn Knight, William Morris ( glass artist ) and David Mach ) and several architecturally notable buildings.

His contacts included such diverse and well-known personages as Andrew Carnegie, William Howard Taft, John D. Rockefeller, Henry Huttleston Rogers, George Eastman, Julius Rosenwald, Robert Ogden, Collis Potter Huntington and William Henry Baldwin Jr., who donated large sums of money to agencies such as the Jeanes and Slater Funds.

Henry Hoste Henley of Sandringham, Norfolk, who was lord of the manor of Colway, near Lyme Regis, paid the family about £ 23 for it, and in turn he sold it to William Bullock, a well-known collector, who displayed it in London.

The polychromatic school chapel, new quadrangle, Temple Reading Room, Macready Theatre and Gymnasium were designed by the well-known Victorian Gothic revival architect William Butterfield in 1875, and the smaller Memorial Chapel was dedicated in 1922.

A well-known curiosity of the palace's grounds is Hampton Court Maze ; planted in the 1690s by George London and Henry Wise for William III of Orange.

The painting was purchased for the United States national art collection by the well-known art collector William T. Evans and is now displayed in the collections of the Smithsonian American Art Museum.

Other well-known alumni: syndicated columnist and Politico editor Roger Simon, reclusive media mogul Fred Eychaner, environmental journalist William Allen, investigative reporter Seymour Hersh, New York Times columnist David Brooks, author of Bobos in Paradise, pop artist Claes Oldenburg, consumer advocate David Horowitz, columnist Mike Royko, and Pulitzer Prize winning editorial cartoonist Herbert Lawrence Block, ( commonly known as Herblock ).

Elizabeth was aware of the political ramifications of the story of Richard II: according to a well-known but dubious anecdote, in August 1601 she was reviewing historical documents relating to the reign of Richard II when she supposedly remarked to her archivist William Lambarde, " I am Richard II, know ye not that?

* Ancient of Days is a well-known Anglican hymn, also known by its tune, Albany, by William Doane, the first Episcopal bishop of Albany, New York.

Boone was still an obscure hunter and trapper at the time ; the most prominent member of the expedition was William Russell, a well-known Virginian and future brother-in-law of Patrick Henry.

" Jopson then enlisted the services of his friend, well-known private investigator William Dear, but according to Jopson, Dear was held back by the producers for fear the hoax would be exposed before the airdate, and he was limited to investigating the identity of the " mystery cameraman ".

There were several well-known architects and artists that worked in Wright's Oak Park Studio, including Richard Bock, William Eugene Drummond, Marion Mahony Griffin, and Walter Burley Griffin.

Worried that the region's Confederate-sympathizers might shun an operation led by a well-known Union general, Wilder decided to name Roane Iron's company town after one of its lesser-known Indiana investors, William O. Rockwood.

Another of the town's more well-known residents was a protégé of Dr. Ansted, William Nelson Page, ( 1854 – 1932 ).

He also met well-known journalists, e. g., William L. Shirer and H. R. Knickerbocker, as well as Bennett Cerf, a publisher at Random House.