Yeasts, including Candida albicans, Rhodotorula rubra, Torulopsis and Trichosporon cutaneum, have been found living in between people's toes as part of their skin flora.

Yeasts for small colonies in vitro and in vivo, and excessive growth of Candida species in the mouth or vagina causes " thrush ", a form of candidiasis.

Yeasts are eukaryotic microorganisms classified in the kingdom Fungi, with 1, 500 species currently described ( estimated to be only 1 % of all fungal species ).

Yeasts are unicellular, although some species with yeast forms may become multicellular through the formation of a string of connected budding cells known as pseudohyphae, or false hyphae, as seen in most molds.

Yeasts are chemoorganotrophs, as they use organic compounds as a source of energy and do not require sunlight to grow.

Yeasts are very common in the environment, and are often isolated from sugar-rich material.

Yeasts are also present in the gut flora of mammals and some insects and even deep-sea environments host an array of yeasts.

Yeasts are able to grow in foods with a low pH, ( 5. 0 or lower ) and in the presence of sugars, organic acids and other easily metabolized carbon sources.

Yeasts also are present, and may yield soft sauerkraut of poor flavor when the fermentation temperature is too high.

Yeasts are also present on the skin, particularly Malassezia species, where they consume oils secreted from the sebaceous glands.

Yeasts have recently been used to generate electricity in microbial fuel cells, and produce ethanol for the biofuel industry.

Yeasts do not form a single taxonomic or phylogenetic grouping.

Yeasts grow best in a neutral or slightly acidic pH environment.

Yeasts vary in what temperature range they grow best.

Yeasts, like all fungi, may have asexual and sexual reproductive cycles.

Yeasts include some of the most widely used model organisms for genetics and cell biology.

Yeasts grew more slowly and reached population peaks near days 4-5.

Yeasts also have a requirement for phosphorus, which is assimilated as a dihydrogen phosphate ion, and sulfur, which can be assimilated as a sulfate ion or as organic sulfur compounds such as the amino acids methionine and cysteine.

Yeasts tend to grow in hummingbird feeders and spoil the solution, so they must be refreshed frequently and kept very clean to avoid harm to the birds.

Yeasts can also be used, as in the beer-making process.

Antibacterials can also affect the vaginal flora, and may lead to overgrowth of yeast species of the genus Candida in the vulvo-vaginal area.

While clearly attributable to the presence of the opportunistic pathogens of the genus Candida, candidiasis describes a number of different disease syndromes that often differ in their causes and outcomes.

The genus Candida and species C. albicans were described by botanist Christine Marie Berkhout in her doctoral thesis at the University of Utrecht in 1923.

The genus Candida includes about 150 different species ; however, only a few are known to cause human infections.

Many slight variants have been discovered since then, including various alternative mitochondrial codes, and small variants such as translation of the codon UGA as tryptophan in Mycoplasma species, and translation of CUG as a serine rather than a leucine in some members of the genus Candida ( see the article on Candida albicans ).

Most were members of the Candida genus ; the most common species in honey stomachs was Dekkera intermedia and in flower nectaries, Candida blankii.

It is a dimorphic yeast of the genus Candida, very closely related to Candida albicans but forming a distinct phylogenetic cluster in DNA fingerprinting.

An unusual feature of the Candida genus is that in many of its species ( including C. albicans and C. tropicalis, but not, for instance, C. glabrata ) the CUG codon, which normally specifies leucine, specifies serine in these species.

Oral candidiasis ( also known as " thrush ") is an infection of yeast fungi of the genus Candida on the mucous membranes of the mouth.

Candida infections of the latter category are also referred to as candidemia and are usually confined to severely immunocompromised persons, such as cancer, transplant, and AIDS patients, as well as nontrauma emergency surgery patients.

Superficial infections of skin and mucosal membranes by Candida causing local inflammation and discomfort are common in many human populations.

Candida yeasts are commonly present in humans, and their growth is normally limited by the human immune system and by other microorganisms, such as bacteria occupying the same locations in the human body.

Candida species are frequently part of the human body's normal oral and intestinal flora.

Other species of yeast, such as Candida albicans, are opportunistic pathogens and can cause infections in humans.

* The Saccharomycotina comprise most of the " true " yeasts, such as baker's yeast and Candida, which are single-celled ( unicellular ) fungi, which reproduce vegetatively by budding.

CF patients may also have their airways chronically colonized by filamentous fungi ( such as Aspergillus fumigatus, Scedosporium apiospermum, Aspergillus terreus ) and / or yeasts ( such as Candida albicans ); other filamentous fungi less commonly isolated include Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus nidulans ( occur transiently in CF respiratory secretions ), and Exophiala dermatitidis and Scedosporium prolificans ( chronic airway-colonizers ); some filamentous fungi like Penicillium emersonii and Acrophialophora fusispora are encountered in patients almost exclusively in the context of CF.

Again, in most cases, mixed bacteria are isolated ; the most common agents include cutaneous species such as Staphylococcus aureus, and coagulase-negative staphylococci, but many others are possible, including fungi such as Candida.

The best-studied of these are Candida species.

Some cases of pharyngitis are caused by fungal infection such as Candida albicans causing oral thrush.

This and other tests can be used to distinguish between vaginal symptoms related to G. vaginalis from those caused by other organisms, such as Trichomonas and Candida albicans, which are similar and may require different treatment.

The pH balance in adolescent girls ' bodies is not conducive to the growth of Candida albicans, so they are unlikely to contract a yeast infection.

The sequencing of the C. albicans genome and subsequently of the genomes of several other medically relevant Candida species has profoundly and irreversibly changed the way Candida species are now investigated and understood.

Other Candida genome sequences have been, or are being, determined: C. glabrata, C. dubliniensis, C. parapsilosis, C. guilliermondii, C. lusitaniae, and C. tropicalis.

Some other contributing fungi are Candida albicans, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Epidermophyton floccosum.

) are effective against Tinea cruris, but not against Candida albicans, which requires an azole type drug, making azole drugs, effective against both types of infections, the first choice for topical treatment of infections of unknown etiology in intertriginous areas.

Ganoderma lucidum mushrooms are reported to exhibit direct anti-microbial properties with the following organisms ; Aspergillus niger, Bacillus cereus, Candida albicans, and Escherichia coli.

Wall's large-scale images and studied compositions are regarded as influential on the Düsseldorf group led by Andreas Gursky, Thomas Struth, Thomas Ruff, and Candida Höfer.

Other possible etiological agents implicated are HPV, Candida albicans and possibly alcohol.

This is especially relevant given that opportunistic Candida ( fungus ) infections can cause severe systemic infections in immunocompromised patients and current treatments are highly toxic, often result in drug-resistant Candida strains, and have low efficacy.