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fr: Innocent IV
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In the East abbots, if in priests ' orders and with the consent of the bishop, were, as we have seen, permitted by the second Nicene council, AD 787, to confer the tonsure and admit to the order of reader ; but gradually abbots, in the West also, advanced higher claims, until we find them in AD 1489 permitted by Innocent IV to confer both the subdiaconate and diaconate.
Pope Innocent IV then ordered Sancho II to be removed from the throne and be replaced by the Count of Boulogne.
He led two embassies to the Mongols: the first carried letters from Pope Innocent IV and the second bore gifts and letters from Louis IX of France to Güyük Khan.
In his Papal Bull Ad extirpanda of 1252, Pope Innocent IV authorised the Dominicans ' use of torture under prescribed circumstances.
In 1248, Pope Innocent IV gave the Croats of southern Dalmatia the unique privilege of using their own language and this script in the Roman Rite liturgy.
On July 17, 1251, Pope Innocent IV signed two papal bulls, ordering the Bishop of Chełmno to crown Mindaugas as King of Lithuania, appoint a bishop for Lithuania, and build a cathedral.
* 1252 – Pope Innocent IV issues the papal bull ad extirpanda, which authorizes, but also limits, the torture of heretics in the Medieval Inquisition.
On May 15, Pope Innocent IV issued a papal bull entitled Ad exstirpanda, which authorized the use of torture by inquisitors.
The Papal bull issued by Pope Innocent IV establishing Lithuania's placement under the jurisdiction of the Bishop of Rome, and discussing Mindaugas ' baptism and coronation
In 1250 or 1251, Mindaugas agreed to receive baptism and relinquish control over some lands in western Lithuania, in return for an acknowledgment by Pope Innocent IV as king.
On 19 June 1250, following the canonisation of Malcolm's wife Margaret by Pope Innocent IV, Margaret's remains were disinterred and placed in a reliquary.
In 1245 Pope Innocent IV allotted two thirds of conquered Courland to the Livonian Order, and one third to the Bishopric of Courland.
Alexander IV succeeded Innocent IV as guardian of Conradin, the last of the Hohenstaufens, promising him protection ; but in less than a fortnight he conspired against him and bitterly opposed Conradin's uncle Manfred.
Shortly before his death, Innocent IV had granted Sicily, a papal fiefdom, to Edmund, second son of King Henry III of England.
One group of cardinals, which included Sinibaldo de ' Fieschi ( soon to be Pope Innocent IV ) backed a candidate from the inner circle of Pope Gregory IX expected to pursue the hard line with Frederick II.
He died before events could reach their climax ; it was his successor Pope Innocent IV who declared a crusade in 1245 that would finish the Hohenstaufen threat.
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