Any person or entity wishing to use intellectual property held under copyright must receive permission from the copyright holder to use this work, and often will be asked to pay for the use of copyrighted material.

AIX was a component of the 2003 SCO v. IBM lawsuit, in which the SCO Group filed a lawsuit against IBM, alleging IBM contributed SCO's intellectual property to the Linux codebase.

Ayahuasca has also stirred debate regarding intellectual property protection of traditional knowledge.

In India some intellectual references of the movement can be found in the works of Vandana Shiva, an ecologist and feminist, who in her book Biopiracy documents the way that the natural capital of indigenous peoples and ecoregions is converted into forms of intellectual capital, which are then recognized as exclusive commercial property without sharing the private utility thus derived.

The SIG also manages the Bluetooth SIG Qualification program, a certification process required for any product using Bluetooth wireless technology and a pre-condition of the intellectual property license for Bluetooth technology.

Additionally, Borland was known for its practical and creative approach towards software piracy and intellectual property ( IP ), introducing its " Borland no-nonsense license agreement ".

Another factor influencing the biotechnology sector's success is improved intellectual property rights legislation — and enforcement — worldwide, as well as strengthened demand for medical and pharmaceutical products to cope with an ageing, and ailing, U. S. population.

Certain international trade laws, such as those on intellectual property, are also enforced in India.

It is a form of intellectual property ( like the patent, the trademark, and the trade secret ) applicable to any expressible form of an idea or information that is substantive and discrete.

Simultaneously, businesses with great economic dependence upon copyright have advocated the extension and expansion of their intellectual property rights, and sought additional legal and technological enforcement.

Another widely debated issue is the relationship between copyrights and other forms of " intellectual property ", and material property.

Not until capitalism emerges in Europe with its individualist ideological underpinnings does the conception of intellectual property and by extension copyright law emerge.

Copyright, like other intellectual property rights, is subject to a statutorily determined term.

* Collection of laws for electronic access from WIPO – intellectual property laws of many countries

The controversy over software patents is about specific algorithms or techniques that the software contains, which may not be duplicated by others and considered intellectual property and copyright infringement depending on the severity.

Some of these games, such as Pyramid from Battlestar Galactica, become real card games as the holder of the intellectual property develops and markets a suitable deck and ruleset for the game, while others, such as " Exploding Snap " from the Harry Potter franchise, lack sufficient descriptions of rules, or depend on cards or other hardware that are infeasible or physically impossible.

The word capsule alludes to how Capcom likened its game software to " a capsule packed to the brim with gaming fun ", as well as to the company's desire to protect its intellectual property with a hard outer shell, preventing illegal copies and inferior imitations.

While often criticized for its reliance on existing franchises, the company developed several titles for the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 based on original intellectual property: Lost Planet and Dead Rising.

OTT protects and manages the intellectual property developed by faculty members, students, other researchers, and JPL technologists.

When the holder of the intellectual property discards all existing continuity and starts from scratch it is known as rebooting.

However, since the lawsuit was filed in a state California court, the lawsuit was tossed out because only federal courts have jurisdiction over intellectual property issues.

Under Chiang Kai-Shek, the government recognized limited civil and economic freedoms, property rights ( personal and intellectual ) and other liberties.

On March 15, 2004, Amiga, Inc. announced that on April 23, 2003 it had transferred its rights over past and future versions of the Amiga OS ( but not over other intellectual property ) to Itec, LLC, later acquired by KMOS, Inc., a Delaware company.

In discussion of the arts, a distinction is sometimes made between the Apollonian and Dionysian impulses where the former is concerned with imposing intellectual order and the latter with chaotic creativity.

Founded to preach the Gospel and to combat heresy, the order is famed for its intellectual tradition, having produced many leading theologians and philosophers.

* Granger is the leader of a group of wandering intellectual exiles who memorize books in order to preserve their contents.

Until recently, the purpose of intellectual property law was to give as little protection possible in order to encourage innovation.

It argues that intellectual property tends to be governed by economic goals when it should be viewed primarily as a social product ; in order to serve human well-being, intellectual property systems must respect and conform to human rights laws.

For example, pharmaceutical companies that produce, apply intellectual property rights in order to prevent other companies from manufacturing their product without the additional cost of research and development.

The application of intellectual property rights allow companies to charge higher than the marginal cost of production in order to recoup the costs of research and development.

# Transhumanism: an ideology and movement which seeks to develop and make available technologies that eliminate aging and greatly enhance human intellectual, physical, and psychological capacities, in order to achieve a " posthuman future ".

Finally, techniques of historical revisionism operate within the intellectual battlespace in order to advance an interpretation or perception of history.

Thus these laws are sometimes used to give exclusive rights to the creators of such " intellectual property " in order to encourage resources to be appropriately allocated to these activities.

This order gives protection to the intellectual property owner, Reliance Entertainment, from copyright violation by prospective anonymous offenders.

Calhoun " was a public intellectual of the highest order ... and a uniquely gifted American politician.

In the wake of this disruption to the established order, later centuries saw the invention of the printing press, the development of widespread literacy and the enormous social and intellectual changes of the Enlightenment.

About 1238 he became the lecturer of the Franciscan house at Oxford, and within a few years was regarded by the English province of that order as an intellectual and spiritual leader.

About being a youth and alienated at the point of an emerging consciousness but lacking the intellectual tools to order everything.

Simmel was originally asked to lecture on the role of intellectual ( or scholarly ) life in the big city, but he effectively reversed the topic in order to analyze the effects of the big city on the mind of the individual.

This balanced pursuit of love and learning has energised the various branches of the order into building communities founded on mutual affection and intellectual advancement.

This deeper order led to the insights that a person was both embedded in an orderly framework and was the focus of that orderly framework and that the realisation of this was more than just an intellectual exercise, but also having elements of a spiritual awakening.

Moyers also referred to what historian Clinton Rossiter called the period of " the great train robbery of American intellectual history ," when " conservatives — or better, pro-corporate apologists " began using terms such as " progress ", " opportunity ", and " individualism " in order to make " the plunder of America sound like divine right.

The design of the product and how it is produced are determined, not by the producers who make it ( the workers ), nor by the consumers of the product ( the buyers ), but by the Capitalist class, who, besides appropriating the worker ’ s manual labour, also appropriate the intellectual labour of the engineer and the industrial designer who create the product, in order to shape the taste of the consumer to buy the goods and services at a price that yields a maximal profit.

In order to develop an educational paradigm that would provide an intellectual base that would lead to a consciousness of social responsibility, Herbart advocated that teachers utilize a methodology with five formal steps: “ Using this structure a teacher prepared a topic of

The Qur ' an relates the story of Abraham in order to provide an example of an intellectual quest for understanding God as the Cause of Causes: Related in verses, Abraham moves progressively from worshiping the stars, the moon, and the sun to acknowledging God as the sole cause of the heavenly phenomena.

Even the most skeptical among Rome's intellectual elite such as Cicero, who was an augur, saw religion as a source of social order.

Even the most skeptical among Rome's intellectual elite such as Cicero, who was an augur, saw religion as a source of social order.